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Download Lecture - ch 10 (part I) post
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Child Development Chapter 10 Developmental Psychology • Define It Issues in Developmental Psychology (LOBJ 10.1) • Nature or Nurture • Stability versus Change • Continuity versus Discontinuity Research Designs (LOBJ 10.3) • In a cross-sectional design, individuals of different ages are compared at the same time to see how they differ • In a longitudinal design, the same group is studied at specific ages Physical Development • Developmental events that occur before birth are referred to as prenatal • Those that occur in the month after birth are neonatal Prenatal Development Development begins at conception • Conception occurs when an ovum and sperm form a zygote (fertilized egg) • For about five days, the zygote floats down the fallopian tube • About the fifth day after conception, the zygote implants itself in the uterine wall • – The Dynamic Process of Human Conceptions (unit4) Prenatal Development (BE SURE you review Table 10.2 on p. 345 – LOBJ 10.4) • From implantation until the 49th day after conception, the organism is called an embryo • From the 8th week until birth, the organism is called a fetus • The placenta is a mass of tissue attached to the uterine wall and acts as a lifesupport system for the fetus – The Pregnant Body (unit 4) Birth: You’ve got to see it to believe it. • Safe Passage… (unit 4) Harmful Environmental Effects LOBJ 10.5 • Teratogens are substances that can produce birth defects during the prenatal period • The child is especially susceptible to teratogens during the embryonic period • Environmental factors can effect prenatal development • Environmental effects are especially likely during critical periods during which rapid maturation is occurring Newborns’ Reflexes 10.7) • • • Infants are born with innate primary reflexes Physicians use the presence or absence of primary reflexes to assess neurological status at birth One primary reflex is the (fanning of toes when foot stroked) Reflexive Creatures (Unit 5) • • • • (LOBJ The reflex involves outstretching of arms and legs, and crying, in response to a loud noise In the reflex, the head is turned toward a light touch will reflexively occur in response to finger or nipple in mouth In the reflex, a newborn will grasp any object touching palm or fingers.
