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Global Groupings Lesson Aims: • To know the various ways geographers classify and categorise nations according to their wealth and power. Global disparities • There are great differences in wealth in the world both between countries and within them. • In recent years these differences have increased. • This ‘development gap’ can be attributed to globalisation, with the rich getting richer, whilst the poor get poorer. Measuring development • There are different ways of measuring development. • Traditionally this was done by looking at a countries GDP. • However looking at a wider range of indicators can give a more reliable overview of a countries level of development. Economic Indicators • Economic indicators focus on the wealth of a country. To standardise them they are measured in US dollars Human Indicators • Human development indicators are used to assess the well being of a countries inhabitants. Your Task 1. Match the development indicators with their definitions. 2. In a table, sort these development indicators into either Economic Indicators or Human development indicators. Economic Indicators Human development Indicators • Gross National Product – the value • Physical quality of life index – of all the goods and services made up of life expectancy, earned by a country including literacy rates and infant mortality. companies working abroad. • Gross Domestic Product – the • Human development Index – made up of life expectancy, value of all the goods and services literacy rates, infant mortality and earned by a country excluding also school enrolment. foreign earnings. • Per capita – statistics providing an • Human suffering index – made up average per person of daily calorie intake, access to clean water, inflation rate, access • Purchasing Power Parity – relates to communications, political average earnings to prices and freedom and civil rights. what they will actually buy you. Global Groupings • Geographers use to types of grouping to study nations in a global context. • These are Economic Groupings and Political Groupings. Page 81 Globe book Economic groupings • What are LDCs? • What are NICs? • What are Ex-Soviet States? • What are OPECs? • What are OECDs? Political groupings (Trade Blocs) • Trade blocs differ from economic groupings in two important ways: 1. To trade freely, agreements have to be drawn up which allow national boundaries to be crossed by flows of goods, money and sometimes workers – this requires an amendment of national laws (hence it can be described as being political) 2. Trade blocs can contain countries at different levels of development – this allows for a ‘Spatial division of labour.’ Selected regional trade bloc groupings Task • In twos or threes research ONE of the trade blocs. • Produce an overview for that trade bloc including who the member countries are and what their general purpose is. • Present your findings as a short powerpoint presentation for next lesson Human development Index • Look at page 75 of the ‘Fish Book’ showing the Human Development data for 2006. • Produce an annotated World map of the information shown and the trends since the 1990’s linking the bullet points to the map. Human development Index • Complete some research on how the Human Development Index varies globally using the most recent data. • Find the latest data to help produce a league table of ‘winners’ and ‘losers’. • Which countries are at the top? Which are at the bottom? • Do you notice anything about the spatial distribution of these countries? • How has the situation changed from 2006?