Download Persian wars Ch7.3 - OCPS TeacherPress

Before we can discuss the
Persian War- we need to know:
 Who
are the Persians?!
 Where
were the Persians? (Map
on page 191)
Cyrus the Great

http://www.spentaproductions.com/Cyrus-the-GreatEnglish/cyruspreview_english.htm (5 min)
A
unique ruler who allowed for:
 Worship
 Live
gods of your choice
where you like
 Freeing
of the slaves
 Kept
the current ruler in power
 Paid
homage (honored) the cities god(s)
Bell work

With your table partner, discuss and organize
the strips of papers with events on them.

Remember to think of what we have already
learned about the Greeks when considering how
to organize the slips.

Be prepared to share why you organized them
how you did.
The event you have just
ordered are the key events
during the Persian Wars.
We will look at the Persian
empire and the war with the
Greeks. Then adjust our slips
if needed as we go.
Title page 35 in your composition
notebook :
The Persian Wars

Create a flow chart on pages 35-36 with 4 boxes on each page

1

2

3

4
The Start of War
1) Greeks sent Warships to Anatolia to
support revolt against Persians.
Greeks in Anatolia, who were already ruled by Persia,
revolt in 499B.C.

The Athenian's send warships to help but Persia crushes the
revolt.

King Darius was angry at Athenians for interfering and decides to
punish mainland Greeks.

Persian Army had 10,000 trained soldiers called
Immortals.
Greeks had Hoplites  citizen-soldiers


And Spartans: Implements of Death:
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancientgreece/videos/spartans-implements-of-death (2:30)
Battle of Marathon
BBC HH:
https://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=geR3BrcWSt0&lis
t=PLf5Uec85aA_snlx7XuQsi
Nb4oE2w5L_oW (2:40)

2) King Darius I, of Persia, sent a fleet
and army that landed at Marathon out
side of Athens.

In 490B.C. 600 Persian ships invade Greece and land at
Greeks Win!
Marathon

Athenians were out numbered 10,000 to 200,000

Athenians waited until Persians where loading back
into their ships, surprised them and beat them.

The Greek messenger, Pheidippides, ran 26.5 miles to
Athens, said “victory,” collapsed and died.

Modern Marathons are named after this event
Thermopylae battle of land and sea
3)
Greeks won the battle at Marathon
4) Persian King Xerxes attacked united Greeks at
Thermopylae

Darius’s Son, Xerxes, swears revenge on the Athenians

Persia invades with 200,000 troops and thousands of warships in 480B.C.


Greek city-states band together to fight the Persians
King Leonidas led the majority of the Soldiers who were Spartans


Led 7,000 troops for 3 days
When a traitor shows Persians how to surround the army, King Leonidas
dismisses all but 300
Spartans to hold off the Persians and
Persians win!
fight to the death
Build a bridge across Hellspot:
http://edsitement.neh.gov/sites/edsitement.neh.gov/files/Bridges03.swf
Battle of Salamis
5) United Greeks fought bravely, especially
Spartans, but lost the battle of Thermopylae.
6) Greeks won Battle of Salamis and all but
destroyed a large Persian fleet.

Themistocles of Athens directed the Greek Navy


Cut off Persian ships from supply ships
Lured the Persian war ships into the Straight of Salamis

Persian ships were too large and crowded to move about in
the straight while Greek ships were smaller and faster
300 Persian warship sank,
Greeks Win!
Greeks loose 40, Persian

Fleet almost destroyed
Video:
http://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=PNY
-7x5RCqY
Athens Burned

During the battle of Salamis, after
Persians get around Spartans at
Thermopile, Persian foot soldiers march
to Athens

Because of the battles going on, Athens
was almost deserted so the Persians set
fire to it.
Plataea 790 B.C.
7) Combined Greek forces defeated Persians at
Plataea, northwest of Athens.




Last Persian/ Greek battle
Even in numbers with about 100,000 soldiers each
Greeks had improved weapons and armor
The Greeks win the battle and follow the Persians

They free Anatolia from Persian rule

Continued battling the Persians until 449B.C. as the Persian Empire
weakens.
8) A weakened Persian Empire stopped trying
to conquer Greece.

The Empire Ends in 300B.C. with Alexander the Great
The Peloponnesian War

History channel video:
http://www.history.com/topics/ancienthistory/peloponnesian-war/videos/the-peloponnesianwar

Pages 202-205
Pericles

Pericles was the leader of
creating democracy in Athens.

Skillful politician, inspiring
speaker, respected general

Dominates life in Athens from 461
to 429 B.C.

He had many buildings
constructed.

Pericles had the Parthenon and
the Acropolis built.
Pericles’ Plan for Athens


Stronger Democracy

Pericles hires more paid public officials; creates direct
democracy

Direct democracy—citizens rule directly, not through
representatives
Athenian Empire
 Takes
over the Delian League; uses money to
strengthen Athenian fleet.
 Sparta and other cities resent Athenian power.

Glorifying Athens
 Pericles
buys gold, ivory, marble; hires artisans to
beautify Athens all with money from the Delian
League without the whole league’s consent.
The Delian League

Started as an equal partnership between city-states to defend its
members against any future Persian attacks.

Formed in 478B.C. right at the end of the Persian wars

Headquarters on the island of Delos

Athens provided sailors and soldiers while other city-states supplied
money and ships

Helps Greece grow rich through trade around the Mediterranean
Failure of the Delian League

Athenians take over the League


The demand tribute(payment for protection) from their
“allies”
City-States felt bullied and tried to leave, asked Sparta
for help

Sparta and Athens go to war over who had the most
strength over Greece
Athenians and Spartans Go
to War

War Begins


431 B.C. Sparta declares war on Athens—the beginning of
the Peloponnesian War.
Peloponnesian War

Sparta has a better army.

Athens has a better navy.

Plague strikes Athens in 430 B.C., kills many—including
Pericles.

Sparta and Athens sign a truce in 421 B.C.
Plague in Athens Described

“People in good health were all of a sudden attacked by
violent heats in the head, and redness and inflammation
in the eyes, the inward parts, such as the throat or
tongue, becoming bloody and emitting an unnatural and
fetid breath. These symptoms were followed by
sneezing and hoarseness, after which the pain soon
reached the chest, and produced a hard cough……..”
Plague in Athens Described

“…..Externally the body was….reddish,
livid, and breaking out into small pustules
and ulcers….They succumbed, as in most
cases, on the seventh or eighth day, to
the internal inflammation…But if they
passed this stage, and the disease
descended further into the bowels,
inducing a violent ulceration there
accompanied by severe diarrhea, this
brought on weakness which was generally
fatal….This disorder
.….settled in the privy parts, the fingers
and the toes, and many escaped with the
loss of these, some too with that of their
eyes.”
4th Century B.C. Hoplite
Athenians and Spartans Go
to War

Sparta Gains Victory

415 B.C. Athens renews war, attacks Syracuse on the island
of Sicily.

Athens is defeated in 413 B.C.

Athens and its allies surrender to Sparta in 404 B.C.
Wrap Up:

On the provided sticky note answer the questions below
AND
Ask your own question!
What characterizes of the Greeks do you think helped
them to defeat the Persians?