Download Los verbos reflexivos

Los verbos
reflexivos
Español 3 Honores
Unidad 2
Regla Gramatical
 A reflexive verb is a verb that ends in “SE” in its infinitive form
 When a reflexive verb is used in a sentence, the reflexive pronoun
corresponds to the subject of the conjugated verb in the sentence
 Some verbs are ALWAYS reflexive (quejarse)
 Others are sometimes reflexive and sometimes non-reflexive,
depending upon context (levantar VS. levantarse)
Placement
 When the reflexive verb is conjugated, the reflexive pronoun
corresponds to the form of that verb, and is in front of the
conjugated form of the verb.
 Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nos, se) can ONLY be ATTACHED to:
◦ Infinitive verbs
◦ The present participle
◦ Positive commands
◦ OTHERWISE, THEY GO IN FRONT OF THE VERB
Un ejemplo: Levantarse





ME levantO
TE levantAS
SE levantA
NOS LevantAMOS
SE levantAN
A REFLEXIVE VERB
 A reflexive verb must have an accompanying reflexive pronoun –
it is a grammatical part of the verb. SOMETIMES IT IS NECESSARY
TO CONJUGATE THE REFLEXIVE VERB, SOMETIMES IT IS NOT. IT
DEPENDS ON THE CONTEXT IN WHICH IT’S USED.
 When CONJUGATING a reflexive verb, the reflexive pronoun
(corresponds to the subject) goes IN FRONT OF the conjugated
verb.
 If the reflexive verb itself does not have to be conjugated (because
it is verb 2 in an infinitive construction), the reflexive pronoun
remains attached to the infinitive, but may have to change in order
to agree with the subject of the sentence.
Ejemplos
 Yo Siempre ME DUCHO y ME DESAYUNO por la mañana.
= I always take a shower and I eat breakfast in the
morning.
 Este domingo, voy a ducharme y desayunarme por la
tarde. = This Sunday, I am going to take a shower and
(I’m going to) eat breakfast in the afternoon.
¿Reflexivo o no?
NON – REFLEXIVE (an object or another
person receives action of verb)
REFLEXIVE (action reflects
back upon subject)
 La Sra. Ortiz lava su coche.
 El Sr. Ortiz se lava las manos.
 Yo levanto pesas 3 veces a la
semana.
 Yo me levanto a las cinco.
 Mi amigo despierta a sus
hermanos.
 Sus hermanos se despiertan.
 Yo miro la tele.
 Yo me miro en el espejo.
USO #1: Action reflects back upon
subject (daily routine)
 Indicates that the subject is performing the action ON or FOR
him/herself.
 Nos lavamos antes de cenar. = We wash (ourselves) before
eating.
 Juan se mira en el espejo. = Juan is looking/looks at himself in the
mirror.
 Me=myself; Te=yourself, etc.
 With verbs relating to personal care, use the definite article
(rather than the possessive adjective) with parts of the body and
clothing.
◦ Te cepillas LOS dientes. = You brush/are brushing YOUR teeth.
◦ Me quito LOS zapatos. = I take off MY shoes.
USO #2: Change in physical, mental,
social condition
 Reflexive verbs are often used to express a change in:
 Physical, mental or social condition
 Corresponds to English verbs: to get _________; to be
getting _________; to become __________; to be growing
______________.
 Nos levantamos = We are GETTING up.
 Mi madre se pone furiosa = My mom is GETTING angry.
 Alicia se casa = Alicia is GETTING married.
 Quiero hacerme abogada = I want to BECOME a lawyer.
USO #3: Idiomatically
 Reflexive verbs are often used IDIOMATICALLY.
 Some verbs are always reflexive (verbs on p.53) although
they correspond to English non-reflexive verbs.
 In this case, the verb is reflexive idiomatically.
◦ Juan SE QUEJA de todo. = Juan COMPLAINS about everything.
◦ Quejarse is ALWAYS reflexive (idiomatic)
USO #4: Reciprocally
 Reflexive pronouns are often used with verbs that are
typically non-reflexive to express RECIPROCAL action.
 Reciprocal action = each other or one another
 You can manipulate se and nos to mean each other/one
another
 Juan y Elena se adoran. = Juan & Elena adore each other.
 Mis amigos y yo vamos a escribirnos durante las vacaciones
de verano. = My friends and I are going to write each
other/to one another during summer vacation.