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What is Acid Rain?
How is Acid Rain caused?
How can we minimize it ?
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What is Acid Rain ? Do you know?
• Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is
unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of
hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants,
aquatic animals, and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by
emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which react
with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the
release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere with positive
results. Nitrogen oxides can also be produced naturally
by lightning strikes and sulfur dioxide is produced
by volcanic eruptions. The chemicals in acid rain can cause
paint to peel , corrosion of steel structures such as bridges,
and erosion of stone statues.
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The cycle of Acid Rain
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How is Acid Rain caused?
• Acid deposition can occur via natural sources like
volcanoes but it is mainly caused by the release of sulfur
dioxide and nitrogen oxide during fossil fuel combustion.
When these gases are discharged into the atmosphere they
react with the water, oxygen, and other gases already
present there to form sulfuric acid, ammonium nitrate, and
nitric acid. Although it was discovered in the 1800s, acid
deposition did not gain significant public attention until
the 1960s and the term acid rain was coined in 1972. Public
attention further increased in the 1970s when the New York
Times published reports about problems occurring in the
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire.
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The factories causing Acid Rain
Statues getting damaged because
of Acid Rain
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How can we minimize it ?
• Acid rain can be prevented by reducing emissions that
come from the mining industries, burning of fuels for
electrical power generation, oil operations, and
reducing fuel emissions from cars and trucks. Reduce
our use of products that produce chlorofluorocarbons
that are released into the atmosphere by actively
conserving the use of your air conditioning. Become
energy wise by conserving energy through the use of
fluorescent lights, closing off rooms you do not use,
and use washers, dryers, and dishwashers only when
full. Last but not lease please recycle packaging and
other disposable products.
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Minimize the use of electrical
objects and other stuff………
Earth is in our hands ,
protect it.
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1960
2012
You can see the difference between
1960 and 2012 , the colour changed
because of acid rain.
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Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid.
SO2(g) + H2O(l) -> H2SO3(aq)
Substances in the upper atmosphere then catalyze the reaction between sulfurous acid and oxygen
to form sulfuric acid.
2H2SO3(aq) + O2(g) -> 2H2SO4(aq)
Similarly, nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to form a mixture of nitric acid and nitrous acid.
2NO2(g) + H2O(l) -> HNO3(aq) + HNO2(aq)
Substances in the atmosphere then catalyze the reaction between nitrous acid and oxygen causing
the formation of more nitric acid.
2HNO2(aq) + O2(g) -> 2HNO3(aq)
Limestone and Marble
CaCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) -> CO2(g) + H2O(l) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)
Metal Corrosion
Metal + Acid -> Salt + Water
i.e. Fe(II)(s) + H2SO4(aq) -> FeSO4(aq) + 2H+
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Thank you
Done By:Rahul.V
VIIIa1
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