Download ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Hydrocarbons provide the basic _______________ unit for all molecules found in
organic and biochemistry. The chemical and physical behavior of hydrocarbons can be
_______________ considerably by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with
functional groups made of other _______________ (O, N, S, P, Cl, etc).
Cycloalkanes
-
Hydrocarbons in a _______________.
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
C
_______________
C
H
H
H
H
Organohalogens
-
Hydrocarbons with _______________ replacing hydrogens.
-
Also called _______________ _______________.
H
H
Cl
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
Br
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
Propane with a chlorine on the 1st carbon - _______________
H
Propane with a bromine on the 2nd carbon - _______________
Alcohols
Hydrocarbons that contain the _______________ group, –OH.
H
H
C
OH
Methane with the hydroxyl group becomes _______________.
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
OH
Ethane with the hydroxyl group becomes _______________.
Thiols
-
Substitute the oxygen on an alcohol with a _______________ atom.
H
H
C
_______________
SH
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
_______________
SH
Ethers
-
Hydrocarbons containing an _______________ within the carbon chain.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
_______________ _______________
Epoxides
-
_______________ ethers – a ring of hydrocarbons containing oxygen.
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
_______________
O
C
H
H
Aldehydes
-
Hydrocarbon containing the _______________ group at the end of the carbon
chain.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
_______________
H
Ketones
-
Hydrocarbon containing the carbonyl group in the _______________ of the
carbon chain.
H
H
O
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
_______________
Carboxylic Acids
-
Hydrocarbon containing the _______________ group at the end of the carbon
chain.
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
O
_______________
C
OH
Acid Halides
-
Carboxylic acid with a _______________ in place of the hydroxyl group.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
Cl
_______________
Esters
-
Hydrocarbons that contain an _______________ linkage beside a
_______________ group.
H
H
O
C
C
H
O
C
H
H
_______________
H
Acid Anhydrides
-
Hydrocarbons that contain an _______________ linkage to a
_______________ group.
H
H
O
C
C
O
O
H
C
C
H
H
_______________
H
Amines
-
Hydrocarbons containing _______________.
H
H
H
H
C
C
N
C
H
H
H
H
H
_______________
Amides
-
Hydrocarbons containing a _______________ atom attached to a
_______________ group.
H
H
C
O
C
N
H
H
H
_______________