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Download Anterior Compartments of the Arm Muscle Origin Insertion Actions
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Muscle Short head of the biceps Long head of the biceps Origin Brachialis Mid-shaft – humerus Coracobrachialis Coracoid process Coracoid Supraglenoid tubercle Anterior Compartments of the Arm Insertion Actions -Extended – flexion -Flexed to 90 – primary supinator -Pronated – barely operates Radial tuberosity -Semipronated – resistance Primary flexor of forearm – not Ulna affected by pronation/supination Flexion and adduction Mid-shaft – humerus Stabilizes glenohumeral joint Innervation Blood Supply Musculocutaneous n. Brachial a. Musculocutaneous n. Same Musculocutaneous n. Same Distal tendon of bicep Protects brachial a. and median n. in Bicipital aponeurosis brachii Antebrachial fascia cubital fossa --* Biceps brachii – proximal tendon of long head goes through the intertubercular groove (held by transverse humeral ligament transforms this groove into a canal) * Brachialis – deep to the biceps brachii * Coracobrachialis – MC n. goes thru it Muscle Origin Long head of triceps Medial head of triceps Lateral head of triceps Anconeus Infraglenoid tubercle Mid-shaft – humerus Lateral side of humerus near head Lat. epicondyle Insertion Posterior Compartments of the Arm Actions Stabilize GH joint Extension+Adduction – arm Olecranon Olecranon * Olecranon bursa separates olecranon from skin easily palatable Forearm extension Strongest, but only recruited against resistance Helps extend forearm Innervation Blood Supply Radial n. Branch from Radial Deep Brachial a. -- LAB Checkmarks: Humerus Intertubercular groove Radial groove Medial epicondyle Bicipital tuberosity of radius Anterior muscles listed above Posterior muscles listed above Nerves Medial brachial cutaneous n. Medial antebrachial cutaneous n. Ulnar n. Median n. Radial n. Musculocutaneous n. Lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. Vessels Brachial a./v.c. Deep brachial a./v. Cubital Fossa Cephalic v. Basilic v. Median cubital v. Tendon of biceps brachii Bicipital aponeurosis Brachial a./v.c. Median n. Other Structures Brachial fascia Muscle Pronator Teres Flexor Carpi Radialis Palmaris Longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficalis Flexor digitorum profundis Origin Coronoid process Medial epicondyle Medial epicondyle 2 heads – olecranon & ulna Humeroulnar and Radial head Flexor pollicis longus Ulna Anterior aspect of radius Pronator quadratus Head of Ulna Anterior Compartment of the Forearm Insertion Actions Mid-shaft – radius Pronates forearm nd rd 2 -3 metacarpal Flexion and abduction of hand Palmar aponeurosis Helps w/flexion Medial side of wrist Separates into 4 tendons: intermed. phalanx 4 tendons to distal phlanx Innervation Median n. Median n. Median n. Blood Supply Ulnar a. Ulnar a. Ulnar a. Flexes and adducts hand Ulnar n. Ulnar a. Flexes these 4 middle and proximal phalanges Flexes distal interphalangeal joints Median n. Lateral: Median n. Medial: Ulnar n. Ulnar a. Distal phalanx of thumb Flexes distal phalanx of thumb Quadrangular m. primary Distal end of Radius pronator Median n. Median n. Ulnar a. Anterior Interosseous a. Anterior Interosseous a. LAB Checkmarks Superficial: Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Intermediate: Flexor digitorum superficialis Deep: Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus Nerves Median n. Anterior interosseous n. Ulnar n. Vessels Brachial a./v.c. Radial a./v.c. Ulnar a./v.c. Common interosseous a./v. Anterior interosseous a./v. Muscle Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Extensor expansion Intertendinous connection Extensor digiti minimi Extensor indicis Origin Lat. supracondylar ridge – Humerus Posterior Compartment of the Forearm Insertion Actions Innervation Blood Supply Styloid – radius Radial n. Radial recurrent a. Deep radial n. Radial a. Radial n. Radial a. Deep radial n. Same ^ Ulnar a. Aponeurosis that forms a hood -- -- Extends Deep radial n. Extends Same ^ Deep branch of radial n. Same ^ 2nd metacarpal Same ^ Lateral epicondyle & Ulnar head Lat. epicondyle Tendon of flexor digitorum 3rd metacarpal Lat. epicondyle Distal ulna 5th metacarpal Extensor expansion 2-5 Tendon of extensor digitorum Extensor expansion of 5th digit Extensor expansion of 2nd digit Flexor Abducts hand Extends wrist Adducts hand Extends wrist Extends proximal phalanges 2-5 Supinator Lat. epicondyle 1/3 of radius Slow, unopposed supination Abductor pollicis Proximal half of longus ulna+radius 1st metacarpal Abducts thumb Deep radial n. Extensor pollicis Proximal phalanx of Extends @ metacarpophalangeal brevis Distal 1/3 of radius thumb joint Same ^ Extensor pollicis longus Middle of ulna Distal phalanx of thumb Extends @ Same ^ * Brachioradialis is the only m. w/exception to the rules that all flexors lie in anterior comp. and that radial n. only supplies extensor m. * Brachioradialis & Suppinator are the only m. of post. Compartment that do not cross wrist = incapable of acting on it Recurrent interosseous a. Posterior interosseous a. Recurrent interosseous a. Posterior interosseous a. Same ^ Same ^ LAB checkmarks: Muscles Anconeus Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Intertendinous connection Extensor expansion Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Nerves Radial n. Superficial radial n. Deep radial n. Posterior interosseous n. Vessels Radial a./v.c. Posterior interosseous a./v Other Structures Lateral epicondyle of humerus Antebrachial fascia Flexor retinaculum Extensor retinaculum Tendon of biceps brachii Bicipital aponeurosis Interosseous membrane Medial antebrachial cutaneous n. Lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. Muscle Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Adductor pollicis Muscle Flexor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi Palmaris brevis Muscle Origin Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid & trapezium Same ^ Same ^ 2nd & 3rd metacarpals, capitate Origin Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate Pisiform Hamate & flexor retinaculum Fascia overlying hypothenar eminence Origin Unipennate Lumbrical Bipennate Tendons of EDP Palmar Interosseous 2,4,5 metacarpals Dorsal Interosseous Sides of adj. metacarpals Intrinsic Thenar Muscles of the Hand Insertion Actions Proximal phalanx of thumb Flexion Lat. of 1st metacarpal Opponens opposes thumb Proximal phalanx of thumb Abduction Same ^ Adduction Intrinsic Hypothenar Muscles of the Hand Insertion Actions Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit Flexion Innervation Recurrent branch of median n. Same ^ Same ^ Ulnar n. Innervation Blood Supply Ulnar n. Same ^ Abducts Same ^ 5th metacarpal Skin of palm near ulnar head Opposes 5th digit Pulls skin on ulnar side towards center Same ^ Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Insertion Actions Lat. side of extensor Flex MP joint expansion 2-5 digits Extend PIP & DIP joints Proximal phalanx and extensor expansion 2,4,5 Adducts 2,4,5 digits to midline Proximal phalanx and extensor expansion Abducts 2,4 digits 2,3,4 Stabilizes 3rd digit Blood Supply Same ^ Innervation Median n. Ulnar n. Misc. Info 4 muscles Ulnar n. Same ^ 4 bipennate m. LAB Checkmarks: Muscles Tendons Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Palmaris longus Palmaris brevis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) Opponens digiti minimi Adductor pollicis Oblique head Transverse head Lumbrical (1–4) Palmar interosseous (1–3) Dorsal interosseous (1–4) Miscellaneous Pisiform Palmar aponeurosis Flexor retinaculum Carpal tunnel Fibrous digital sheath Nerves Median n. Recurrent branch Common palmar digital n. Proper palmar digital n. Ulnar n. Superficial ulnar n. Common palmar digital n. Proper palmar digital n. Deep ulnar n. Vessels Radial a./v.c. Superficial branch Deep palmar arterial arch Palmar metacarpal a. Ulnar a./v.c. Deep branch Superficial palmar arterial arch Common palmar digital a. Proper palmar digital a.
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