Download Renewable Energy

Renewable Energy
PPKSE 06/07 SAA
Wind energy
• Derived from movement of the air.
• Caused by differences in atmospheric
temperature and rotation of the earth.
• Depending on climate condition and
geographical topology, wind varies in
intensity over a day, season or a year.
• Wind farm use turbines ti harness wind
energy and generate electricity.
• Wind turbines usually have three blades.
• A single wind turbine typically can power 500
homes.
• The site must receive strong and steady wind
throughout the year (>23km/h on average)
and also close to electricity grid.
• Wind energy costs are directly related to
available wind speeds.
Biomass energy
• Biomass refers to any organic matter on earth.
• In Malaysia, biomass resources are mainly
from palm oil mill residues, bagasse, rice
husks and wood/forest residues.
• Gasification is a recent technology of
converting solid biomass into gas for use in a
gas engine or a turbine to generate electricity.
• Application: palm oil industry at Keck Seng
Bhd in Masai, Johor and food industry in Shah
Alam
Hydropower
• Hydro-electric power is electricity produced
from the kinetic energy of falling water.
• Water is held in a dam and allowed to flow
through a turbine and generator to produce
electricity.
• The amount of energy produced is determined
by the height from which the water falls and
its flow rate.
• Generation of hydropower does not produce
any greenhouse gas emissions.
Cogeneration
• Simultaneous production of two or more forms
of usable energy from a single energy source.
• A high efficiency energy system that produces
both electricity and valuable heat from only
one fuel source.
• Cogeneration cycle consist of:
• Topping cycle – fuel used to produce electrical
energy first, then thermal energy.
• Bottoming cycle – fuel used to produce
thermal energy then electrical energy.
Types of cogeneration plant
Ideal cogeneration site
• Requires reliable power
• Has a relatively steady electrical and thermal
energy demand pattern
• Has a higher demand for thermal energy
compared to electrical energy
• Has a long operation hours in a year
• Inaccessible to the grid
Cogeneration in Malaysia
• Has existed in Malaysia for long time, but
more can be done.
• District cooling most common due to tropical
climate.
• Licensing under purview of Ministry of Energy,
Water & Communication.
Typical use of cogeneration in Malaysia