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Land and Agriculture of SE Asia EQ: Why is the land in SE Asia productive for diverse agriculture? SE Asia • Nations – Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, East Timor, Brunei • Relative location – Peninsula which lies south of China and east of India – Archipelago between Indian Ocean and South China Sea • Archipelago: group or chain of many islands Monsoon • Cause – Air heats up and flows in from Indian Ocean • Benefits – Enables farmers to grow crops • 2 rice crops grown each year Varied Climates • Tropics – Most SE Asia lies in Tropics – Little change in temperatures – Many tropical crops grown • Rivers – Most important rivers in mainland SE Asia carry silt downstream • Fertilizes river valleys and deltas Varied Climates • Island of SE Asia – 1000s in region • Indonesia – Made up of 13,000 islands – Referred to as “Spice Islands” – Known for rich soil • Philippines – Made up of 7,000 islands – Luzon island in Philippines known for rich soil Varied Climates • Java – – – – Island in Indonesia 55% of Indonesia’s population live there Has tropical climate and rich soil Famous for strong coffee grown on rich soil • Coffee one of many tropical crops grown in Java • Pacific Ring of Fire – Area of volcanic activity along the borders Pacific Ocean – Volcanic ash weathers into rich black topsoil • Very fertile and allows crops to be grown Rich Resources • Forest Resources – Rubber, palm oil, teak, bamboo harvested – Lot of forests untouched because hard to reach • Other SE Asia Resources – Oil • Found in Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei – Tin • Found in Malaysia Ring of Fire • Volcano – Large vents or openings in the surface of the earth – Vents allow ash and gases to erupt • Location of world’s active volcanoes • 75% located along rim of Pacific Ocean • Includes Asian islands of Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, and along western coast of the Americas Ring of Fire-continued • Tsunamis – Tremendous waves – Caused by volcanic eruptions and earthquakes under the ocean • Effects of tsunamis – Can occur within several hours of earthquake • Very little warning = loss of 1000s of lives – Causes great destruction along coast and inland
