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Dependency Parsing as a Classification Problem Deniz Yuret Koç University İstanbul Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball ? ? Linking Adjacent Words kick the red ball Percentage of adj words linked Language % adjacent words linked Language % adjacent words linked Arabic 61.02 Japanese 54.81 Chinese 56.59 Portuguese 50.81 Czech 48.73 Slovene 45.62 Danish 55.93 Spanish 51.28 Dutch 55.54 Swedish 48.26 German 42.15 Turkish 62.60 Sample decision list for German 1. If Then 2. If Then 3. If Then 4. If Then XL1:postag=APPR NONE X:postag=ART, Y:postag=NN L:NK X:postag=APPR R:NK TRUE NONE Sample decision list for German 1. If Then 2. If Then 3. If Then 4. If Then XL1:postag=APPR NONE X:postag=ART, Y:postag=NN L:NK X:postag=APPR R:NK TRUE NONE APPR-ART-NN Attribute Selection Language Attributes Language Attributes Arabic ALL Japanese postag,suffix2 Chinese postag,cpostag Portuguese postag,lemma Czech postag,lemma Slovene ALL Danish postag,form Spanish postag,lemma Dutch postag,feats Swedish postag,form German postag,form Turkish ALL Accuracy on adj word links Language % adjacent words linked % adjacent link accuracy Language % adjacent words linked % adjacent link accuracy Arabic 61.02 76.87 Japanese 54.81 95.56 Chinese 56.59 84.51 Portuguese 50.81 90.18 Czech 48.73 79.25 Slovene 45.62 85.19 Danish 55.93 86.96 Spanish 51.28 89.01 Dutch 55.54 85.36 Swedish 48.26 83.20 German 42.15 87.97 Turkish 62.60 85.27 Contributions • Learning adjacent word dependencies using decision lists and GPA. • Accuracy on adjacent word dependencies between 85%-95% for most languages. • Greedy bottom-up parsing model did not work very well.