Download Welcome to the Chair and Department of Computer Science and

Introduction to Biostatistics
6 year course
Course for Medical English Language Students
A Guide for Students
Chair and Department of Computer Science and Statistics
Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznań
Course Coordinator: Professor Jerzy A. Moczko, PhD
Welcome to the Chair and Department of Computer Science and Statistics at Karol Marcinkowski University of
Medical Sciences in Poznań. The objective of our course is to provide a base of information concerning medical
data gathering, verification and analysis. The program of the course covers the complete range of basic
biostatistics that can be expected to appear on USMLE step 1.
Thus it is imperative that your medical education includes problems specifically oriented towards both
consuming of research (understanding statistical descriptors and rules of inference that occur in medical reports)
or producing new knowledge (mathematical verification and confirming of constructed medical hypothesis).
Your course on Introduction to Biostatistics will start on the begining of October and will last 30 hours
according to schedule you obtain in the Dean’s Office.
It will take place in the Computer Laboratory located at Department of Computer Science and Statistics at
Dąbrowskiego 79 (second floor).
During the course 17 computers with appropriate statistical programs will be at your disposal. The available
statistical packages are: GraphPad INSTAT for Windows (ver. 3.05), GraphPad INSTAT DOS (ver. 2.05a),
STATSOFT Inc., STATISTICA 5.0 .
Student Responsibilities attendance:
Attendance at all classes is compulsory. You are allowed not to attend only three hours throughout the whole
course with no written excuse. If for any reason you will omit more than three hours but no more than eight
hours because of serious illness or unexpected emergencies you will have to contact Dean’s Office in order to
obtain an excuse note. If you miss more than eight hours regardless of the cause you will have to repeat the
whole 30 hour course.
Evaluation
The Coordinator of the Course will make an evaluation of the student. The pass/fail test takes place during the
last classes and it consists of three practical problems which you should resolve using statistical package
INSTAT 3 for Windows ( or INSTAT 2 DOS version). Each task is scored from 0 to 3 (0.0, 0.5, 1.0,......,2.5,
3.0) so each evaluated student may obtain from 0 to 9 points. To pass the test one should obtain at least 5 points.
Criteria: ability to resolve practical medical problems with GraphPad INSTAT for Windows or GraphPad
INSTAT DOS statistical packages.
LIST OF RECOMENDED TEXT BOOKS
Anthony Glaser - " High-yield Biostatistics" Williams@Wilkins.
A Waverly Company 1995, ISBN 0-683-03566-5
Aviva Petrie, Caroline Sabin - “Medical Statistics at a glance”
Blackwell Publishing, 2001, ISBN 0-632-05075-6
REFERENCE BOOKS
Bernard Rosner - "Fundamentals of Biostatistics"
Harvard University, Duxbery Press 1986, ISBN 0-87150-981-4
SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
Teach/Me Data Analysis
Intranet edition v.1.0 H.Lohningera wydanego przez Springer - electronic media
2002, ISBN 3-540-14763.
STATISTICAL PROGRAMS
30 day trial version of GRAPHPAD for Windows statistical package is available to free downloading on the
webpage http://www.graphpad.com
CURRICULUM FOR BIOSTATISTICS
I.
BASIC CONCEPTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Population, samples and representative samples
Elements of probability calculus (how to calculate probability, addition and multiplication rules).
Measurement scales ( ratio, interval, ordinal, nominal).
Raw data, grouped frequency distributions, relative frequency distributions, cumulative frequency
distributions.
II.
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
1.
2.
3.
Measures of central tendency ( arithmetic mean, weighted aritmetic mean, median, mode)
Measures of location – quantiles ( quartiles, deciles, centiles)
Measures of variability ( variance, standard deviation, range, interquartile range, coefficient of
variability)
Graphical presentation of data distributions (histograms, bar graphs, frequency polygons, pie charts,
special data presentations ( Chernoff faces)
4.
III.
STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Symmetrical, skewed, J-shaped and multimodal distributions
Properties of normal ( Gaussian ) distribution, z-scores
t-Student distribution
Estimation of probability based on area under the normal distribution curve, significance level, critical
values
Sampling variation, standard error of the mean (SEM)
Central limit theorem
5.
6.
IV.
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS – HYPOTHESIS TESTING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Null and alternative hypothesis, acception and rejection areas
One- and two-sided hypothesis
Confidence intervals
Precision and accuracy of population mean value estimation
The meaning of statistical significance
Type I and type II errors
Sensitivity and specificity
Power of statistical tests
Exemplary parametric and nonparametric (distribution-free) statistical tests
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
t-Student test for paired data
t-Student test for unpaired data
Welch corrected test
Ordinary and repeated measures ANOVA and multiple comparisons post-hoc tests
Mann-Whitney test
Wilcoxon test
Kruskal-Wallis test
Friedman test
Chi2 test
Fisher exact test
McNemar test
V.
CORRELATION AND REGRESSION
1.
2.
3.
4.
Univariate and multivariate models
Pearson linear correlation coefficient
Spearman rank-order correlation
Linear regression, interpolation and extrapolation