Download Animal-Like Protists

June 3, 2010
•Hand in your “book”
•Study until 12:35
•Quiz- hand in when finished
•Work on Food Poisoning Handout
What is a protist?
1st Eukaryotic Kingdom
Greek: protist = the very 1st
• Different from Prokaryote Ancestors because they had
a nucleus and organelles with membranes around
them
The Protist Kingdom
- more than 200,000 species
- all are eukaryotes
- Miscellaneous kingdom
- not plants, not fungi, not animals, not bacteria = protists
- Most protists are unicellular but some are multicellular!
- Many are microscopic.
- Some can grow up to 70 meters long like kelp!
- UNITED STREAMING CLIP
The Protist Kingdom
3 main groups based upon how they get energy
1. animal-like (protozoa)
heterotrophs
2. plant-like
autotroph/photosynthesis
3. fungus-like
absorb food from dead things
Animal-Like Protists
4 Animal-Like Protist Phyla
Classified based on how they move
1. Phylum Ciliophora – Ciliates
2. Phylum Sarcodina – Sarcodines
3. Phylum Apicomplexa – Sporozoans
4. Phylum Zoomastigina – Zooflagellates
Phylum Ciliophora (ciliates)
~7,000 species
- Movement: short, hair like cilia
- Eating: cilia sweep food into oral groove/mouth
- Reproduction: asexual and sexual
- Found in: oceans, waters, lakes, rivers, mud
- Examples: stentor and paramecium
Phylum Ciliophora – Ciliates
Example: Genus Paramecium
NUTRITION &
DIGESTION
eats = bacteria and algae
cilia oral groove  gullet 
Food vacuole/enzymes diffuse into cytoplasm
WASTE = out the anal pore
Example: Genus Paramecium
MAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS
- live in hypotonic environment
- water constantly enters paramecium by OSMOSIS
- 2 to 3 contractile vacuoles: GET RID OF H2O
-ACTIVE TRANSPORT!
Phylum Sarcodina (sarcodines)
~ 10,000 species
-
Movement: pseudopods (psuedo = fake, pod = feet)
Eating: pseudopods wrap around food, endocytosis!
Reproduction: asexual
Found in: mostly salt water, muddy, moist areas
Example: amoeba
SOME ARE PARASITES!
Also called Rhizopods
Phylum Sarcodina (sarcodines)
Example:
Genus Amoeba
NUTRITION & DIGESTION
- eats = bacteria & smaller protists
- cytoplasm/false feet engulfs food
- creates food vacuole
- enzymes help break down
WASTE = diffusion through cell membrane
Phylum Apicomplexa (Sporozoans)
•Movement = none
•Eating = parasites (need host)
•Reproduction = asexual and sexual
– Spores = reproductive cells that form without
fertilization
•Waste = diffuse through plasma membrane
•Found in = anywhere
•Example = Genus Plasmodium
•Lack contractile vacuoles
Phylum Apicomplexa (Sporozoans)
Example: Malaria
disease caused protist passed by
1.
mosquitoes
Malaria 1
Malaria 2
Malaria 3
Phylum: Apicomplexa (Sporozoans)
Sad Sad Statistics 
# of people that died in the tsunami of 2004
165, 000 people
# of people die each month from malaria 165,000 people
Phylum Zoomastigina (zooflagellates)
• Movement = flagella
• Eating = most are parasites
• Reproduction = asexual
• Found in = anywhere
• Example = Genus Trypanosoma
1. American sleeping sickness
2. East African sleeping sickness
3. West African sleeping sickness