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During this month, we will cover the bones by system. The Axial Skeleton • Skull • Sternum • Vertebrae – – – – – 7 Cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 5 fused coccygeal • Ribs Appendicular Skeleton Upper Extremity • Humerus • Radius • Ulna • Carpals – Metacarpals – Phalanges Lower Extremity Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Pectoral Girdles • Clavicle • Scapula Pelvic Girdles Os Coxae (Innominate bone) – – – Ilium Ischium Pubis Bone Terminology • Elevations (from most-least prominent) – Crests – Lines – Ridges Bone Terminology • Tuberosity and Tubercle: roughened, elevated, rounded projections in bone • Spine: long, sharp projection Bone Terminology • Articulation Structures or surfaces – Facet: “little face” – Condyle: rounded projection – Epicondyle: condyle above another condyle Bone Terminology • Depressions – Fossa (broad and shallow) – Pits or fovea (small) – Groove or sulcus (long and shallow) – Foramen (a perforating hole) – Meatus or Canal (a tube or covered area) CLAVICLE Sternal end, conoid tubercle, acromial end SCAPULA Superior border Superior angle Lateral (axillary) border Medial (vertebral) border Inferior angle SCAPULA Acromion Spine Infraspinous fossa Supraspinous fossa SCAPULA Scapular notch Acromion Coracoid process Glenoid fossa Subscapular fossa SCAPULA Acromion Coracoid process Glenoid fossa Infraglenoid tubercle HUMERUS Anatomical neck Head Surgical neck HUMERUS Greater tubercle Lesser tubercle Intertuburcular groove To see which tubercle is larger, look at it head-on Lesser tubercle Greater tubercle HUMERUS Deltoid Tuberosity HUMERUS HUMERUS Medial Supracondylar ridge Coronoid fossa Lateral Supracondylar ridge Radial fossa Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Trochlea Capitulum HUMERUS Olecranon fossa ULNA Coronoid process Olecranon process Semilunar notch Radial notch ULNA Styloid process Head RADIUS Radial tuberosity Neck Head RADIUS Styloid process Ulnar notch Styloid process Ulnar notch 4th Intermediate phalanx Fifth Metacarpal First Metacarpal 1st Proximal phalanx 1st Distal phalanx Lunate Hamate Pisiform Triangular Capitate Trapezoid Scaphoid Trapezium LEFT HAND, DORSAL VIEW Pisiform Triangular LEFT HAND, DORSAL VIEW Hamate Lunate Capitate Trapezoid Scaphoid Trapezium Proximal, intermediate, distal phalanx Pisiform Triangular Lunate Hamate Capitate Scaphoid Trapezium Trapezoid RIGHT HAND, VENTRAL VIEW
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