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How Did Government Begin? Mrs. Ha LEARNING OBJECTIVES: • Identify and explain these concepts. • Government • Four Theories on the Origins of Government • Evolutionary Theory • Force Theory • Divine Right Theory • Social Contract Theory I. What is Government? A. Definition 1. The institutions and processes through which public policies are made for a society. II. Four Theories Origin of Government A. B. C. D. Evolutionary Theory Force Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory A. Evolutionary Theory 1. Government developed gradually a) Father e) Village b) Family f) Town c) Clan g) City d) Tribe h) Country 2. People: nomadic to agricultural existence. B. Force Theory 1. Governments originated when one or more conquered others. 2. Submit to the will of the leader(s). a) Pay taxes b) Police Taxes c) Military d) Courts Courts C. Divine Right Theory 1. “God” gave the right to a leader to rule. 2. Ruler was usually from royal birth. 3. Unlimited right to rule over people. 4. If you challenged him/her, challenging “God.” Egypt, China, Greece & Rome D. Social Contract Theory Ex: United States 1. People voluntarily agree with one another to create a government. 2. John Locke: people are born with “natural rights,” government cannot take away. a) Life b) Liberty c) Property