Download Keith King: Chapter 4

TORTORA  FUNKE  CASE
ninth edition
MICROBIOLOGY
an introduction
4
Part A
Functional
Anatomy of
Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic Cells
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Prokaryotic Cells
 Comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
 Prokaryote comes from the Greek words for
prenucleus.
 Eukaryote comes from the Greek words for
true nucleus.
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Prokaryote
Eukaryote
 One circular
 Paired chromosomes,
chromosome, not in a
in nuclear membrane
membrane
 No histones
 Histones
 No organelles
 Organelles
 Peptidoglycan cell walls
 Polysaccharide cell walls
 Binary fission
 Mitotic spindle
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Morphology
 Coccus (pleural cocci means berries) are spherical
shaped.
 Bacillus (pleural bacilli, meaning little staffs) are rod
shaped.
 Coccobacilli are oval shaped rods that look very much
like cocci.
 Spirilla have a helical shape, like a corkscrew, and
fairly rigid bodies.
 Spirochetes are more tightly spiraled and are more
flexible
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 Average size: 0.2 -1.0 µm  2 - 8 µm
 Basic shapes:
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figures 4.1a, 4.2a, 4.2d, 4.4b, 4.4c
Arrangements
 Pairs: Diplococci,
diplobacilli
 Clusters: Staphylococci
 Chains: Streptococci,
streptobacilli
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Figures 4.1a, 4.1d, 4.2c
Flagella
 Outside cell wall
 Made of chains of
flagellin
 Anchored to the wall
and membrane
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 4.8a
Flagella Arrangement
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Figure 4.7
Endospores
 Resting cells
 Resistant to desiccation, heat, chemicals
 Bacillus, Clostridium
 Sporulation: Endospore formation
 Germination: Return to vegetative state
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 4.21b
Homework
 Review: 1, 2, 3, 5
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings