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MOST - COROT/CW8 MOST MISSION • status summary • recent targets and results • updates, news • upcoming schedule and targets The MOST Science Team presented by Rainer Kuschnig COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST Main Features > 15 cm Maksutov Telescope > 3 arcsec/pixel > micro-satellite bus 50kg, 60x60x25cm > Science and Star Tracker CCD (1kx1k, 13um) > LEO 820 km sun synchronous dawn/dusk orbit > Science Imaging/Data: primary: Fabry (Pupil) image via micro lens transfer optics - 1400 pixels exposed secondary: Direct image - PSF FWHM ~2.0pix Guide Star Signals submitted as well > Exposure times: 0.5 to 60 sec (0.5-1.6 Guide stars) > Broadband custom filter 380 ≤ λ ≤ 750 nm > CCD temp -36 to - 40C stable to 0.1deg over an orbit > CVZ -18 < dec < +38 and sun sensor limits > maximum possible observation time base 50 days > 3 ground stations Toronto, Vancouver, Vienna > 14.5 Mb bandwidth Science data & Telemetry COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - what was done so far 695 days in space ~ 23 month 504 days after commissioning ~ 17 month Number of observing runs: 19: Procyon-04,beta Vir,eta Boo-04,tau Boo-04,zeta Oph, WR123,gam Equ,HD209458,51 Peg, PG0101+039,kap1Ceti-04, HR1217,NGC2264 (2 targ.),Procyon-05,iota Leo,beta Com, eta Boo-05,tau Boo-05,eps Oph (just started) + 4: commissioning targets - delta Ceti, kap1Ceti-03,Aldeberan, xi Gem + 4: test observations - M67,2 asteroids, misc, Observing length: 9 to 48 days - typically 28 days COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - instrumental aging MOST is almost 2 years in space passing the SAA about 6 times per day and went through 2 periods of high solar activity • warm/hot pixel increase from 0.5% after launch about ~2% after 8 month and about 6% after 20 month • no degradation of solar cells - power production • number of crashes has stayed level ~ once every 5 week >90% occurred during SAA passage !!!! Watch closely during WEEKENDs !!!! MOST is healthy! Up to date no performance degradation of any significance has happened concerning the instrument or other vital subsystems like ACS, or Power COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - observing after CW7 Targets and observations after the last COROT Week (7) • NGC 2264 - main targets 2 know PMS stars • Procyon - follow up with better pointing • iota Leo - search for Solar-type p-modes • beta Com - short preview run spot structure/p-modes • eta Boo - follow up for consistency check • tau Boo - follow up on orbital/rotation signatures seen in 2004 • eps Oph - red Giant p-mode investigation (just started…) COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC 2264 Target Type: 2 known PMS variable stars were the main targets in direct imaging mode, 15 Mon a bright O star was observed as a secondary target on a Fabry Lens and 27 other stars (majority are reported cluster members) in the direct imaging and guide star field Goals: search for additional (prev. unresolved) pulsation modes of the 2 PMS variables, check for frequency shifts and probe all other stars for including 15 Mon for variability of any nature Observing Dates: 6-Dec-2004 to 24-Jan02005 - 48 days longest run conducted with MOST thus far Status: data reduction completed, PMS photometry analysis underway COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 V589 Mon 15 Mon V588 Mon COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 15 Mon = S Mon is a spectroscopic binary [Doug Gies et al. 1993, 1997] A O7 V (f) 34 MSUN B O9.5 Vn 19 MSUN vsini ~ 350 km/s ΔV~1.2 forb- f1 114.83 min or 12.55 c/d Frequency [c/d] COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 Stars within 30 asec of 15 Mon from Washington Visual Double Star Catalog asec Amag Bmag 4 possible variables: 1 AB 3.8 9.30 10.40 15 Mon A - 115 min period 5x10-4 variation 3 Aa 0.1 4.66 (5.9) 15 Mon Ab - amplitude ~ 1.5x10-3 4 Aa-B 2.8 4.80 7.60 STF950 Aa-B - amplitude ~ 7x10-3 5 Aa-C 16.6 4.70 9.90 one of the other stars - amplitude ~5x10-2 16 14.2 17 AB 14.0 9.95 10.10 20 AB 2.6 9.80 10.30 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - NGC2264 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - iota Leo Target Type: F4IV solar type star Goals: search for p-modes and granulation signals Observing Dates: 16-Feb-2005 to 21-Mar-2005 - 33 days Status: data reduction underway While waiting ….. Serendipity struck again and with iota Leo we observed a well studied double mode field RR Lyr star - AQ Leo and the results are analyzed as we speak COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST AQ Leo COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST AQ Leo COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST AQ Leo COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Boo 2005 Target Type: F6IV solar type star with giant Jupiter orbiting with a 3.3125 days period synchronized to the stars rotation Goals: follow up search for photometric signals from the planet and for pulsations/granulation Observing Dates: 21-Apr-2005 to 14-May-2005 - 23 days (7 cycles) Status: observation were finished very recently but even preliminary reduction reveals a very interesting nature of that star(-planet) system COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis Groundbased photometry Strömgren b and y photometry from ground predicts that star is nonvariable at orbital period Baliunas et al. 1997 ApJ 474, L119 amplitude limit: Δ(b+y)/2 < 0.4 mmag (400 ppm) 1 mmag P RV COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse = 3.3125 d MOST - tau Bootis 2004 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis 2004 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis 2005 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis 2005 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis 2005 ~ planet orbit/rotation period COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis looks like an active young star? stellar modulation period = planet orbital period envelope of star tidally locked by planet? relatively large spot complex magnetospheric interaction? or travelling wave, induced by planet? phase of stellar light minimum leads planetary conjunction by ~0.1 cycle weak secondary minimum (and first harmonic) evidence of tidal distortion of star? irregular variations from cycle to cycle Is tau Boo young or was it “rejuvenated” by planet? COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - tau Bootis photometric detection of planetary reflected light will be a challenge modulation and phasing of stellar light curve offers some hope, however How does the stellar light variability affect the radial velocity curve? rotational modulation could show up in spectral line profiles COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - HD209458b Transiting exoplanet system Spitzer detection of drop in thermal emission at 24μ during eclipse Deming et al. 2005 Nature 111, 111 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - HD209458b MOST trial run 2004 of Direct Imaging photometry searching for eclipse of planet to obtain albedo timing of known transit; search for other transits 14 days Pplanet orbit = 50.06 × P MOST orbit COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - HD209458b Looking for the optical eclipse phase diagram P = 3.52474895 ± 0.00000096 d RV ephemeris 1 mmag phase of eclipse Rowe, Matthews, Seager et al. 2005, in preparation COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - HD209458b Spitzer: Fp /F = 0.0026 ± 0.0005 at λ = 24 μ MOST: F p/F < 0.0008 * * at λ = 550 nm upper limit on depth of eclipse ~ 80 ppm upper limit on geometric albedo ~ 0.4 Bond albedo expected to be lower Jupiter albedo in MOST bandpass ~ 0.5 star to be reobserved for 1.5 months starting Aug 05 should reduce detection limit to better than 0.2 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2005 Target Type: G0IV Solar Type star p-mode pulsations found from ground Goals: repeat search for p-modes and granulation signal Observing Dates: 31-Mar-2005 to 21-Apr-2005 - 21 days Status: data reduction about be completed But lets have look on what our results from the 2004 run are COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 eta Boo thin convective envelope G0 IV, 1.7 M post-ms, core H exhaustion 96% duty cycle over 27 days More from Piet Reegen in ~10 min 6 s integration 2 data points/min COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 Echelle diagram Models by D.B.Guenther Saint Mary’s University Canada COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 MOST Finds predominantly Lower order l=0 modes COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 Modes found by MOST (circles) no 1day alias shift was needed for match not a single one COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 MOST and Kjeldsen l=0 matching modes COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST - eta Boo 2004 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse HR 1217 4-Nov-04 to 3-Dec-04 (29days) Type: rapidly oscillation Ap star best ever studied object of this class obtained from ground based multi-site ‘WET’ campaign data Goals: > verify the stable excitation of previously known pulsation modes > search for additional frequencies > continuously monitor amplitude variation over known 12.4 days rotation period and magnetic cycle time Can MOST do better ?? COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse HR 1217 4-Nov-04 to 3-Dec-04 (29days) COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse HR 1217 4-Nov-04 to 3-Dec-04 (29days) MOST campaign Nov-Dec 2004 666 hr over 29 days duty cycle = 96% 30-sec integrations MOST filter noise levels in original spectrum ~ 6 µmag (~ ppm) data not yet finally reduced 3 gaps due to cosmic ray hits 50 ppm 12.5 d = rotation period 2004 MOST data COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse HR 1217 4-Nov-04 to 3-Dec-04 (29days) MOST finds… second magneticaly perturbed (?) mode new p-modes matching ~34-µHz spacing tracking of amplitude & phase modulation Implications most severe test yet of magnetic perturbation theories COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST Observing Limits COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST Observing Limits COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST Observing Limits observing condition - straylight COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse MOST Observing Limits Power ok ~50% orbit Outside CVZ observing outside the CVZ Power Limitations >80% orbit Power Limitations >80% orbit Observations Outside the CVZ for the first time are planned for mid-June through July 2005 COROT/CW8 - MOST - May-05 - Toulouse Power ok ~ 50% orbit Outside CVZ