Download Chapter 3 Lesson 11

Chapter 3
A New Nation Emerges
Lesson 9 – A Clash of Two Empires in Pennsylvania
Lesson 10 – Anger Among the Colonists with
England’s Rule
Lesson 11 – The American Colonies’ Revolutionary
War
Lesson 12 – A New Nation Emerges
• Lesson 11 LEQ's: The American Colonies’
Revolutionary War
• 1. Why was declaring independence not a
wise idea for the Americans?
• 2. What was the Valley Forge encampment?
• 3. How did the French and Friedrich von
Steuben contribute to America’s victory?
• 4. How did PA contribute to the American
Revolution?
Lesson 11 – The American
Colonies’ Revolutionary War
• American Revolution – war fought to gain our
independence from England
– 1775-1781
– Treasonous act by the colonies
– Colonies were poorly prepared
• Loyalists – people still loyal to England
– 1400 Pennsylvanians joined England’s army during
revolution.
– Quakers did not fight
• Washington’s army had not won any battles
and morale among the troops was low.
– Christmas night, crossing of the Delaware to
attack the English in Trenton.
– With only a third of his troop he had his victory –
Battle of Trenton
• Loyalists – people still loyal to England
– 1400 Pennsylvanians joined England’s army during
revolution.
– Quakers did not fight
• After 1777, English invaded Philadelphia
– Americans lost these battles, English army took
control of Philadelphia
– Washington set up camp at Valley Forge.
• Encampment – town/city built to house troops
• Freezing winter, poorly fed and clothed troops,
thousands died
• No one died from freezing weather or starvation, but
many died from poor sanitary conditions.
• Poor sanitary conditions at camps
• Diseases unknown to doctors, typhus, typhoid, and
dysentery claimed many lives
• Ben Franklin, in December 1776, was sent to
France to negotiate, hoping French would lend
support after losing to English for control of
North America
– French sent money, guns, food, soldiers, and ships
• Friedrich von Steuben, German officer,
volunteered to train Washington’s men
– Strict discipline of the soldiers helped turn the war
around
• Importance of Pennsylvania’s cities during the
revolution:
– Rifles were made in Lancaster
– Cannons were made in Philadelphia
– Military supplies and ammunition were stored at
Carlisle
– Conestoga wagon was made in Lancaster
• Important women of the American Revolution
– Mary Hays followed her husband into battle.
• “Molly Pitcher” – carried pitchers of water onto
battlefield for soldier who were fighting.
• When her husband was wounded, she took over his
post at the cannon.
– Sarah Bache, daughter of Ben Franklin, organized
more than 2,000 Philadelphia women to sew
clothing for the troops
– Betsy Ross – believed to have made our country’s
first flag
• 13 stars and 13 stripes (one for each colony)