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Stroke
March 2014
This bulletin covers aspects of stroke and should be of interest to staff working with stroke
patients. Topics covered include risk factors, symptom management and supportive care.
Many of the following articles are available online via the Knowledge Network. Please
use the links where provided and your ATHENS password. A complete list of available
online
journals
and
registration
for
ATHENS
can
be
found
at
www.knowledge.scot.nhs.uk
If the article you require is not available via the Knowledge Network and you would like
to request a print copy, please submit your request online at www.quest.scot.nhs.uk
This bulletin contains a selection of material gathered from a search of the evidence base,
and is not intended to be comprehensive. Professional judgment should be exercised when
appraising the material. The Library takes no responsibility for the wording, content and
accuracy of the information supplied, which has been extracted in good faith from reputable
sources. NHSGGC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.
Contents
Guidelines and reports
Diagnosis and Assessment
Drug therapy and inter-arterial therapy
Neurobiology & Neurophysiology
Patient/Carer experience
Prevention, prognosis & risk factors
Rehabilitation & symptom management
Working in Stroke
Stroke in the News
Page
2
2
3
3
4
4-6
6-9
9
9-10
Compiled by:
Edith Rae
Assistant Librarian
Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, G31 2ER
Tel: 0141 211 5975, email address [email protected]
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
1
Guidelines and reports
AHA/ASA (2014) Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Women
A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the
American Heart
Association/American
Stroke
Association.
Stroke.
Available:
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/02/06/01.str.0000442009.06663.48.full.pdf+ht
ml
ISD
Scotland
Stroke
Statistics
update:
http://www.isdscotland.org/HealthTopics/Stroke/Publications/2014-01-28/2014-01-28-Stroke-Report.pdf?6219118834
Nice (2014) NICE advises much wider use of statins in draft guidance. Available:
http://www.nice.org.uk/newsroom/pressreleases/NICEAdvisesMuchWiderUseOfStatinsInDdra
ftGuidance.jsp
Diagnosis and Assessment
BRAZZELLI, M., et al, 2014. Diffusion-weighted imaging and diagnosis of transient
ischemic
attack.
Annals
of
Neurology,
75(1),
pp.
67-76.
Click here to check if full text is available
BROSINSKI, C., M., 2014. Implementing Diagnostic Reasoning to Differentiate Todd's
Paralysis From Acute Ischemic Stroke. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal, 36(1), pp.
78-86. Click here to check if full text is available
HILL, M.D., et al, 2014. Alberta stroke program early computed tomography score to
select patients for endovascular treatment interventional management of stroke (IMS)III
trial.
Stroke,
45(2),
pp.
444-449.
Click here to check if full text is available
KISHORE, A., et al, 2014. Detection of atrial fibrillation after ischemic stroke or transient
ischemic attack: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke, 45(2), pp. 520-526.
Click here to check if full text is available
KRUETZELMANN, A., et al, 2014. Combining magnetic resonance imaging within sixhours of symptom onset with clinical follow-up at 24h improves prediction of
'malignant' middle cerebral artery infarction. International Journal of Stroke, 9(2), pp. 210214. Click here to check if full text is available
MEADER, N., et al, 2014. Screening for poststroke major depression: A meta-analysis of
diagnostic validity studies. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 85(2), pp.
198-206. Click here to check if full text is available
NADARAJAN, V., et al, 2014. Transient ischaemic attacks: mimics and chameleons.
Practical
Neurology,
14(1),
pp.
23-31.
Click here to check if full text is available
SAUSER, K., et al, 2014. Time to brain imaging in acute stroke is improving secondary
analysis
of
the
INSTINCT
trial.
Stroke,
45(1),
pp.
287-289.
Click here to check if full text is available
WISEMAN, S., et al, 2014. Blood markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, endothelial
dysfunction and inflammation in lacunar stroke versus non-lacunar stroke and nonstroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Cerebrovascular Diseases, 37(1), pp. 64-75.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
2
Drug therapy and inter-arterial therapy
BRIASOULIS, A., et al, 2014. Effects of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65
years of age: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies. Heart, 100(4), pp. 317323. Click here to check if full text is available
CAMPBELL, B.C.V., et al, 2014. A multicenter, randomized, controlled study to
investigate extending the time for thrombolysis in emergency neurological deficits with
intra-arterial therapy (EXTEND-IA). International Journal of Stroke, 9(1), pp. 126-132.
Click here to check if full text is available
CAMPO, G., et al, 2014. Short- versus long-term duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in
patients treated for in-stent restenosis: A prodigy trial substudy (prolonging dual
antiplatelet treatment after grading stent-induced intimal hyperplasia). Journal of the
American
College
of
Cardiology,
63(6),
pp.
506-512.
Click here to check if full text is available
HOUGAARD, K., DUPONT, et al, 2014. Remote ischemic perconditioning as an adjunct
therapy to thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a randomized trial.
Stroke
(00392499),
45(1),
pp.
159-167.
Click here to check if full text is available
RAMEE, S.R. and WHITE, C.J., 2014. Acute Stroke Intervention. Current problems in
cardiology,
39(3),
pp.
59-76.
Click here to check if full text is available
TOCCO, M., et al, 2014. Effects of memantine treatment on language abilities and
functional communication: A review of data. Aphasiology, 28(2), pp. 236-257.
Click here to check if full text is available
Neurobiology & Neurophysiology
ALTINBAS, A., et al, 2014. Periprocedural hemodynamic depression is associated with a
higher number of new ischemic brain lesions after stenting in the International Carotid
Stenting
Study-MRI
Substudy.
Stroke,
45(1),
pp.
146-151.
Click here to check if full text is available
ANGLADE, C., et al, 2014. The complementary role of the cerebral hemispheres in
recovery from aphasia after stroke: A critical review of literature. Brain Injury, 28(2), pp.
138-145. Click here to check if full text is available
KANG, S., et al, 2014. Association of the A1298C polymorphism in MTHFR gene with
ischemic
stroke.
Journal
of
Clinical
Neuroscience,
21(2),
pp.
198-202.
Click here to check if full text is available
LI, P. and QIN, C., 2014. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene
polymorphisms and susceptibility to ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis. Gene, 535(2),
pp. 359-364. Click here to check if full text is available
SAADA, F. and ANTONIOS, N., 2014. Existence of ipsilateral hemiparesis in ischemic
and hemorrhagic stroke: Two case reports and review of the literature. European
neurology,
71(1-2),
pp.
25-31.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
3
Patient/Carer experience
CHAPMAN, B. and BOGLE, V., 2014. Adherence to medication and self-management in
stroke
patients.
British
Journal
of
Nursing,
23(3),
pp.
158-166.
Click here to check if full text is available
ENGLISH, C., et al, 2014. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in People With
Stroke Living in the Community: A Systematic Review. Physical Therapy, 94(2), pp. 185196. Click here to check if full text is available
OSTWALD, S., K., et al, 2014. Home-based psychoeducational and mailed information
programs for stroke-caregiving dyads post-discharge: a randomized trial. Disability &
Rehabilitation,
36(1),
pp.
55-62.
Click here to check if full text is available
QUINN, K., et al, 2014. Spousal experiences of coping with and adapting to caregiving
for a partner who has a stroke: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Disability &
Rehabilitation,
36(3),
pp.
185-198.
Click here to check if full text is available
Prevention, prognosis & risk factors
ALBERT, N.M., 2014. Use of novel oral anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation:
systematic review and clinical implications. Heart & Lung, 43(1), pp. 48-59.
Click here to check if full text is available
ARREGUI, M., et al, 2014. Adiponectin and Risk of Stroke: Prospective Study and Metaanalysis.
Stroke
(00392499),
45(1),
pp.
10-17.
Click here to check if full text is available
ATHAPPAN, G., et al, 2014. Late stroke: comparison of percutaneous coronary
intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel
disease and unprotected left main disease: a meta-analysis and review of literature.
Stroke,
45(1),
pp.
185-193.
Click here to check if full text is available
BERRA, K., 2014. Antithrombotics for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial
fibrillation: an update. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 13(1), pp. 32-40.
Click here to check if full text is available
BIRKBAK, J., et al, 2014. The effect of sleep disordered breathing on the outcome of
stroke and transient ischemic attack: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Sleep
Medicine,
10(1),
pp.
103-108.
Click here to check if full text is available
BRIGO, F., et al, 2014. Late-onset seizures and risk of subsequent stroke: A systematic
review.
Epilepsy
and
Behavior,
31,
pp.
9-12.
Click here to check if full text is available
CHEN, G., et al, 2014. Subarachnoid extension of intracerebral hemorrhage and 90-day
outcomes
in
INTERACT2.
Stroke,
45(1),
pp.
258-260.
Click here to check if full text is available
CHEN, L., et al, 2014. A systematic review of closure versus medical therapy for
preventing recurrent stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
4
stroke or transient ischemic attack. Journal of the neurological sciences, 337(1-2), pp. 3-7.
Click here to check if full text is available
DERDEYN, C.P., et al, 2014. Aggressive medical treatment with or without stenting in
high-risk patients with intracranial artery stenosis (SAMMPRIS): the final results of a
randomised
trial.
Lancet,
383(9914),
pp.
333-341.
Click here to check if full text is available
DICHGANS, M., et al, 2014. Shared genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke and
coronary artery disease: a genome-wide analysis of common variants. Stroke
(00392499),
45(1),
pp.
24-36.
Click here to check if full text is available
GOUYA, G., et al, 2014. Antiplatelet treatment for prevention of cerebrovascular events
in patients with vascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke,
45(2),
pp.
492-503.
Click here to check if full text is available
GUPTA, A., et al, 2014. Oxygen extraction fraction and stroke risk in patients with
carotid stenosis or occlusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal
of
Neuroradiology,
35(2),
pp.
250-255.
Click here to check if full text is available
HE, J., et al, 2014. HIJAZI, Z., et al, 2014. High-sensitivity troponin T and risk
stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation during treatment with apixaban or
warfarin. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 63(1), pp. 52-61.
Click here to check if full text is available
KIM, D., et al, 2014. Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in the Geriatric
Population. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 14(1), pp. 15-29.
Click here to check if full text is available
KRISHNAMURTHI, R., et al, 2014. Reducing recurrent stroke: Methodology of the
motivational interviewing in stroke (MIST) randomized clinical trial. International Journal
of
Stroke,
9(1),
pp.
133-139.
Click here to check if full text is available
LARSSON, S.C., 2014. Coffee, tea, and cocoa and risk of stroke. Stroke, 45(1), pp. 309314. Click here to check if full text is available
LEE, P.N., et al, 2014. Estimating the decline in excess risk of cerebrovascular disease
following quitting smoking - A systematic review based on the negative exponential
model.
Regulatory
Toxicology
and
Pharmacology,
68(1),
pp.
85-95.
Click here to check if full text is available
LI, M., et al, 2014. Hyperuricemia and risk of stroke: A systematic review and metaanalysis
of
prospective
studies.
Atherosclerosis,
232(2),
pp.
265-270.
Click here to check if full text is available
LIEW, A.Y., et al, 2014. Efficacy and safety of warfarin vs. antiplatelet therapy in patients
with systolic heart failure and sinus rhythm: A systematic review and meta-analysis of
randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Stroke, 9(2), pp. 199-206.
Click here to check if full text is available
MOHR, J.P., et al, 2014. Medical management with or without interventional therapy for
unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA): a multicentre, non-blinded,
randomised
trial.
Lancet,
383(9917),
pp.
614-621.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
5
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
MYINT, P.K., et al, 2014. Bone mineral density and incidence of stroke european
prospective investigation into cancer-norfolk population-based study, systematic
review,
and
meta-analysis.
Stroke,
45(2),
pp.
373-382.
Click here to check if full text is available
PANCHOLY, S.B., et al, 2014. Meta-analysis of gender differences in residual stroke risk
and major bleeding in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation treated with oral
anticoagulants.
American
Journal
of
Cardiology,
113(3),
pp.
485-490.
Click here to check if full text is available
PARK, K. and BAVRY, A.A., 2014. Risk of stroke associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Vascular Health and Risk Management, 10, pp. 25-32.
Click here to check if full text is available
PERRY, J.J., et al, 2014. A prospective cohort study of patients with transient ischemic
attack to identify high-risk clinical characteristics. Stroke, 45(1), pp. 92-100.
Click here to check if full text is available
SHARMA, V., et al, 2014. Meta-analysis of staged versus combined carotid
endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 97(1),
pp. 102-109. Click here to check if full text is available
SINGH, S., et al, 2014. Risk of cerebrovascular accidents and ischemic heart disease in
patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Clinical
Gastroenterology
and
Hepatology,
12(3),
pp.
382-393.
Click here to check if full text is available
WALDO, A.L., 2014. Drug therapies for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: An
historical
perspective.
Cardiac
Electrophysiology
Clinics,
6(1),
pp.
61-78.
Click here to check if full text is available
WOLFRUM, M., et al, 2014. Stroke prevention by percutaneous closure of patent
foramen ovale: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart, 100(5), pp. 389-395.
Click here to check if full text is available
Rehabilitation & symptom management
ABDOLLAHI, F., et al, 2014. Error Augmentation Enhancing Arm Recovery in Individuals
With Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Crossover Design. Neurorehabilitation & Neural
Repair,
28(2),
pp.
120-128.
Click here to check if full text is available
ABEN, L., et al, 2014. Long-lasting effects of a new memory self-efficacy training for
stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 28(3),
pp.
199-206.
Click here to check if full text is available
AU-YEUNG, S. and HUI-CHAN, C., 2014. Electrical acupoint stimulation of the affected
arm in acute stroke: a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Clinical rehabilitation,
28(2),
pp.
149-158.
Click here to check if full text is available
BARROS GALVAO, S.C., et al, 2014. Efficacy of coupling repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation and physical therapy to reduce upper-limb spasticity in patients
with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and
Rehabilitation,
95(2),
pp.
222-229.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
6
BONNYAUD, C., et al, 2014. Effect of a robotic restraint gait training versus robotic
conventional gait training on gait parameters in stroke patients. Experimental Brain
Research,
232(1),
pp.
31-42.
Click here to check if full text is available
BOSCH, P., ROGERS, et al, 2014. Review of Therapeutic Electrical Stimulation for
Dorsiflexion Assist and Orthotic Substitution From the American Congress of
Rehabilitation Medicine Stroke Movement Interventions Subcommittee. Archives of
Physical
Medicine
&
Rehabilitation,
95(2),
pp.
390-396.
Click here to check if full text is available
BRUNO, A., et al, 2014. The Stroke Hyperglycemia Insulin Network Effort (SHINE) trial
protocol: A randomized, blinded, efficacy trial of standard vs. intensive hyperglycemia
management in acute stroke. International Journal of Stroke, 9(2), pp. 246-251.
Click here to check if full text is available
CAHANA-AMITAY, D., et al, 2014. Psycholinguistics of aphasia pharmacotherapy:
Asking
the
right
questions.
Aphasiology,
28(2),
pp.
133-154.
Click here to check if full text is available
CARLA, et al, 2014. Efficacy of Coupling Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
and Physical Therapy to Reduce Upper-Limb Spasticity in Patients With Stroke: A
Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 95(2), pp.
222-229. Click here to check if full text is available
CASSERLY, D., M. and BAER, G., D., 2014. Effectiveness of commercially available
gaming devices in upper limb stroke rehabilitation. Physical Therapy Reviews, 19(1), pp.
15-23. Click here to check if full text is available
CHEN, I., et al, 2014. Turning-Based Treadmill Training Improves Turning Performance
and Gait Symmetry After Stroke. Neurorehabilitation & Neural Repair, 28(1), pp. 45-55.
Click here to check if full text is available
DORSTYN, D., et al, 2014. Systematic review of leisure therapy and its effectiveness in
managing functional outcomes in stroke rehabilitation. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation,
21(1),
pp.
40-51.
Click here to check if full text is available
HAYWARD, K., S., et al, 2014. The effect of altering a single component of a
rehabilitation programme on the functional recovery of stroke patients: a systematic
review
and
meta-analysis.
Clinical
rehabilitation,
28(2),
pp.
107-117.
Click here to check if full text is available
Effects of immediate blood pressure reduction on death and major disability in patients
with acute ischemic stroke: The CATIS randomized clinical trial. JAMA - Journal of the
American
Medical
Association,
311(5),
pp.
479-489.
Click here to check if full text is available
IMAM, B. and JARUS, T., 2014. Virtual reality rehabilitation from social cognitive and
motor learning theoretical perspectives in stroke population. Rehabilitation Research
and
Practice,
2014
Click here to check if full text is available
KLAMROTH-MARGANSKA, V., et al, 2014. Three-dimensional, task-specific robot
therapy of the arm after stroke: A multicentre, parallel-group randomised trial. The
Lancet
Neurology,
13(2),
pp.
159-166.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
7
LEE, S.J. and CHUN, M.H., 2014. Combination transcranial direct current stimulation
and virtual reality therapy for upper extremity training in patients with subacute stroke.
Archives
of
Physical
Medicine
and
Rehabilitation,
95(3),
pp.
431-438.
Click here to check if full text is available
LEFEBVRE, S., et al, 2014. Single Session of Dual-tDCS Transiently Improves Precision
Grip and Dexterity of the Paretic Hand After Stroke. Neurorehabilitation & Neural Repair,
28(2), pp. 100-110. Click here to check if full text is available
LIN, K., et al, 2014. Combining Afferent Stimulation and Mirror Therapy for
Rehabilitating Motor Function, Motor Control, Ambulation, and Daily Functions After
Stroke.
Neurorehabilitation
&
Neural
Repair,
28(2),
pp.
153-162.
Click here to check if full text is available
MCFARLANE, M., et al, 2014. Interdisciplinary management of dysphagia following
stroke.
British
Journal
of
Neuroscience
Nursing,
10(1),
pp.
13-20.
Click here to check if full text is available
OLALEYE, O., A., et al, 2014. Stroke rehabilitation: should physiotherapy intervention
be provided at a primary health care centre or the patients' place of domicile? Disability
&
Rehabilitation,
36(1),
pp.
49-54.
Click here to check if full text is available
PHADKE, C.P., et al, 2014. The impact of post-stroke spasticity and botulinum toxin on
standing balance: A systematic review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 14(3), pp.
319-327. Click here to check if full text is available
PIIRONEN, K., et al, 2014. Mild hypothermia after intravenous thrombolysis in patients
with acute stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Stroke, 45(2), pp. 486-491.
Click here to check if full text is available
ROSA, M.C.N., et al, 2014. Lower limb co-contraction during walking in subjects with
stroke: A systematic review. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 24(1), pp. 1-10.
Click here to check if full text is available
SEVERINSEN, K., et al, 2014. Effects of Resistance Training and Aerobic Training on
Ambulation in Chronic Stroke. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation,
93(1), pp. 29-42. Click here to check if full text is available
SHIMODOZONO, M., et al, 2014. Repetitive facilitative exercise under continuous
electrical stimulation for severe arm impairment after sub-acute stroke: A randomized
controlled
pilot
study.
Brain
Injury,
28(2),
pp.
203-210.
Click here to check if full text is available
SICKERT, A., et al, 2014. Constraint-induced aphasia therapy following sub-acute
stroke: a single-blind, randomised clinical trial of a modified therapy schedule. Journal
of
Neurology,
Neurosurgery
&
Psychiatry,
85(1),
pp.
51-55.
Click here to check if full text is available
STINEAR, C., M., et al, 2014. Bilateral priming accelerates recovery of upper limb
function after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke (00392499), 45(1), pp. 205210. Click here to check if full text is available
SUH, J., HYUN, et al, 2014. Effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait and balance
in
hemiplegic
stroke
patients.
NeuroRehabilitation,
34(1),
pp.
193-199.
Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
8
TANG, A. and ENG, J.J., 2014. Physical fitness training after stroke. Physical Therapy,
94(1), pp. 9-13. Click here to check if full text is available
TANKISHEVA, E., et al, 2014. Effects of intensive whole-body vibration training on
muscle strength and balance in adults with chronic stroke: A randomized controlled
pilot study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(3), pp. 439-446.
Click here to check if full text is available
TENNIGLO, M.J., et al, 2014. Effect of chemodenervation of the rectus femoris muscle
in adults with a stiff knee gait due to spastic paresis: A systematic review with a metaanalysis in patients with stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(3),
pp. 576-587. Click here to check if full text is available
WILSON, R.D., et al, 2014. Peripheral nerve stimulation compared with usual care for
pain relief of hemiplegic shoulder pain: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal
of
Physical
Medicine
&
Rehabilitation,
93(1),
pp.
17-28.
Click here to check if full text is available
Working in Stroke
BERGE, E. and LANGHORNE, P., 2014. Cochrane Stroke Group: Twenty years of
evidence-based stroke medicine. International Journal of Stroke, 9(1), pp. 107-109.
Click here to check if full text is available
CRAIG, L.E., et al, 2014. Approaches to economic evaluations of stroke rehabilitation.
International
Journal
of
Stroke,
9(1),
pp.
88-100.
Click here to check if full text is available
MARTIN, A., et al, 2014. Epidemiological, humanistic, and economic burden of illness of
lower limb spasticity in adults: A systematic review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and
Treatment,
10,
pp.
111-122.
Click here to check if full text is available
MARTIN, J., D., 2014. Interventions That Promote Stroke Awareness: A Literature
Review.
Journal
of
community
health
nursing,
31(1),
pp.
20-33.
Click here to check if full text is available
MCARTHUR, K., et al, 2014. Optimising outcome assessment to improve quality and
efficiency of stroke trials. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research,
14(1), pp. 101-111. Click here to check if full text is available
Stroke in the News
BBC (2014) Strokes: Women sufferers 'have poorer life quality than men'. Available:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-26081636
Herald Scotland (2014) Shingles 'may raise later heart attack risk'. Available:
http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/health/shingles-may-raise-later-heart-attackrisk.23086693
Howarth, A. (2014). Research shows changes in weather raise stroke risk. The
Scotsman. Available: http://www.scotsman.com/news/environment/research-shows-changesin-weather-raise-stroke-risk-1-3304537
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
9
MacRae, F. (2014) Why a holiday really is good for you- sunshine reduces your blood
pressure
and
cuts
the
risk
of
heart
attack
and
stroke.
Available:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2542652/Why-holiday-really-IS-good-Sunshinereduces-blood-pressure-cuts-risk-heart-attack-stroke.html
Stroke, March, 2014
Edith Rae, Assistant Librarian, NHSGGC Library Network
10