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Conceptual Physics Final Exam
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Haya’s cup of hot tea cools before she drinks it all. How does the average kinetic energy of the tea particles
change as the tea cools?
a. The average kinetic energy of the particles increases.
b. The average kinetic energy of the particles changes unpredictably.
c. The average kinetic energy of the particles decreases.
d. The average kinetic energy of the particles does not change.
Objects can have kinetic energy, potential energy, or both. Energy can be in the form of motion. Energy can
also be stored by objects in various ways, including position, chemical bonds, or physical state.
____
2. Refer to the information above. Which statement is true?
a. A stretched rubber band stores no energy.
b. An object’s mass has no effect on its potential energy.
c. Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy as a stationary object begins to move.
d. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as a stationary object begins to move.
Rita conducted an experiment which involved placing a thermometer in each of four identical beakers
containing four unknown liquids, each of equal volume. All four beakers had just been removed from an oven
maintained at 92 degrees Celsius (°C) where they had been for the previous one hour. They were placed on a
lab table in a room that was maintained at a constant 22°C. Rita recorded the temperatures read on the four
thermometers every 15 minutes (min.) for one hour. The data collected is in the following table:
Liquid Temperatures in degrees Celsius (°C)
____
Liquid
A
B
0 min.
92
92
15 min.
82
73
30 min.
70
51
45 min.
64
39
60 min.
50
22
C
92
77
65
56
40
D
92
77
65
56
40
3. Referring to the above data from Rita’s experiment, which liquid had the greatest temperature change during
the 60 minutes?
a. C
c. D
b. A
d. B
Seasons change with predictable regularity in many parts of the world. People living in the middle latitudes
generally experience the greatest amount of seasonal change on a yearly basis.
____
____
4. Study the information about seasons above. Which celestial body is most important in determining seasonal
changes on Earth?
a. Mars
c. the Sun
b. Venus
d. the Moon
5. Study the information about seasons above. Which of the following statements about seasonal change is
false?
a. Seasonal change may affect the type and amount of precipitation received in an area.
b. Seasonal change may cause differences in how people dress and maintain their property.
c. Seasonal change affects the probability of earthquake activity.
d. Seasonal change may affect temperatures in a given area.
Matter is identified based upon its physical properties. Identify which property of matter is described.
____
____
____
6. Study the statement above. What physical property is used to describe the amount of mass per unit volume of
a substance?
a. temperature
c. volume
b. phase
d. density
7. Study the statement above. The condition in which a substance exists, including solid, liquid, or gas, is the
____ of a substance.
a. mass
c. volume
b. phase
d. temperature
8. The universe that we can see spans roughly 28 billion light years. Astronomers believe our solar system is
contained within the Milky Way galaxy. What is the most accurate statement regarding our galaxy?
a. It is only one of approximately 125 billion galaxies in the visible universe.
b. The galaxy is named Milky Way because it is composed of millions of comets streaking
through the visible portions of the galaxy giving the classic streak of light sources in the
night sky.
c. It is one of three galaxies, the other two being the Andromeda galaxy and the Triangulum
galaxy.
d. About 100 light years in diameter, our galaxy contains several hundred thousand stars
concentrated in a bulging core with flat, spiral arms.
A researcher who wants to learn about the behavior of a particular gas examines the relationship between
temperature and gas volume when the gas is held at a constant pressure. The graph below shows the data
collected.
Kelvin Temperature vs. Volume
____
9. Refer to the information above. What can be concluded from the information in the graph?
a. There is a relationship between temperature and the volume occupied by a gas.
b. There is no relationship between temperature and the volume occupied by a gas.
c. As temperature increases, volume fluctuates randomly.
d. There is a relationship between temperature and pressure exerted by a gas.
____ 10. Refer to the information above. Which statement about the data is true?
a. As temperature increases, gas volume fluctuates randomly.
b. As temperature increases, pressure exerted by a gas decreases.
c. As temperature increases, gas volume increases.
d. As temperature increases, gas volume decreases.
The table below shows how the world human population has changed between 1950 and 2000.
Total Midyear World
Population, 1950 - 2000
Year
Population
1950
2,555,078,074
1960
3,039,332,401
1970
3,707,610,112
1980
4,456,705,217
1985
4,854,602,890
1990
5,283,755,345
1995
5,690,865,776
2000
6,080,141,683
____ 11. Refer to the table above. What can be concluded from the information in the table?
a. World population will reach 30 billion by 2010.
b. The biggest population increase took place between 1950 and 1960.
c. World population will continue to increase through 2100.
d. World population increased at a steady rate between 1950 and 2000.
____ 12. Refer to the table above. How did the world population change between 1995 and 2000?
a. It increased by almost 400 million.
c. It decreased by more than 400 million.
b. It increased by almost 400,000.
d. It increased by almost 5 billion.
____ 13. In order to become a positive ion, an atom must ____.
a. lose at least one electron
c. lose at least one neutron
b. combine with another ion
d. gain at least one neutron
____ 14. Which of the following refers to the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time?
a. wave amplitude
c. wave frequency
b. wavelength
d. wave speed
____ 15. Marie has a cordless telephone that allows her to roam freely about her house while talking. The radio signal
from the phone operates with a wavelength of 0.0066 kilometers (km). Electromagnetic waves travel at
300,000 kilometers per second (km/s). Find the frequency, in hertz (Hz), at which the telephone operates.
Round to the nearest whole number.
a. 300,007 hertz
c. 45,454,545 hertz
b. 2 hertz
d. 45,455 hertz
Jordan follows the steps below to build a fire.
Building a Fire
1. Split large logs into smaller pieces.
2. Gather and break twigs into smaller pieces.
3. Put wood in fireplace mixing logs and twigs.
4. Crush newspaper sheets into small balls.
5. Stuff newspaper between wood pieces.
6. Strike match and light newspaper.
7. Newspaper burns, then wood begins to burn.
____ 16. Study the steps in the chart above. Burning the match results in a ____.
a. nuclear reaction
c. physical change
b. chemical change
d. catalyzed reaction
____ 17. Black holes are theorized to form from ____.
a. very massive planets that collide with very large stars, resulting in an excessive amount of
matter This matter collapses onto itself, extinguishing the star and resulting in the black
hole
b. very massive stars when their core nuclear fuel has essentially expired, resulting in the
core collapsing in on itself. This is due to gravitational forces that act without nuclear
fusion counteracting them
c. very small stars when their outer shell nuclear fuel expires, leaving the dense core to
collapse in on itself. This results in massive gravitational forces
d. very young stars that do not have enough nuclear fuel to start the massive chain reactions
normally produced in stars emitting large amounts of electromagnetic energy
A meteorologist wants to study the relationship between jet stream position and snowfall in an area.
____ 18. Refer to the information above. The position of the jet stream during a given time period is the ____ in the
experiment.
a. dependent variable
c. purpose
b. hypothesis
d. independent variable
____ 19. Refer to the information above. The amount of snowfall received during a given period is the ____ in the
experiment.
a. purpose
c. hypothesis
b. independent variable
d. dependent variable
____ 20. Terri is driving a boat east on a river at a water speed of 8.7 meters per second (m/s). The river current is
flowing west at 1.7 m/s. A friend of Terri’s is sitting in the back of the boat and throws a ball to the front with
a speed of 5.6 m/s relative to the boat. What is the speed of the ball relative to the shore?
a. 14.3 meters per second
c. 7.3 meters per second
b. 16.0 meters per second
d. 12.6 meters per second
____ 21. Which term is used to describe the theory that Earth’s crust and mantle are broken into massive pieces that
move in different directions and at different rates over Earth’s surface?
a. sea floor spreading
c. mountain building
b. plate tectonics
d. continental drift
____ 22. When an atom has equal numbers of protons and electrons, it ____.
a. has a negative charge
c. is electrically neutral
b. has no protons
d. has no neutrons
Tides occur on a regular, predictable basis, and affect many people living in communities bordering water
bodies.
____ 23. Refer to the information above. Which is NOT an important reason for being aware of tidal changes in a
coastal area?
a. Boat ramps and mooring locations can be affected by tidal changes.
b. Water depth in some locations is affected by tidal changes.
c. Tidal patterns affect weather patterns.
d. Some areas might be flooded during periods of high tide.
____ 24. Refer to the information above. Which celestial body is most important in determining tidal patterns?
a. Venus
c. Mars
b. the Moon
d. the Sun
____ 25. Refer to the information above. Which best describes why tides occur in a consistent pattern?
a. Differences in topography and latitude cancel out the Sun’s effects on tides.
b. The Earth’s rotation rate fluctuates and is impossible to predict.
c. Earth and Moon movements occur at a predictable rate.
d. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365.25 days.
____ 26. Which of these statements about the properties of a star is true?
a. The mass and composition of a star determine almost all of its other properties.
b. The more massive a main sequence star is the cooler the star’s temperature will be.
c. There is no relationship between a star’s temperature and its rate of nuclear reaction.
d. Spectral analysis shows that all stars in the universe are roughly the same age.
Jack heats water (H2O) in a beaker to 80°C. He leaves the beaker on the counter until the water temperature
falls to 24°C, then cools the beaker in a freezer, lowering the water temperature to 5°C.
____ 27. Study the description of Jack’s experiment. Compare the average kinetic energy of the water molecules at 24
and 5 degrees Celsius.
a. The kinetic energy of the water molecules at 24 and 5 degrees Celsius can’t be measured.
b. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater at 5 degrees Celsius.
c. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is equal at 24 and 5 degrees Celsius.
d. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater at 24 degrees Celsius.
____ 28. Study the description of Jack’s experiment. Compare the average kinetic energy of the water molecules at 80
and 24 degrees Celsius.
a. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater at 24 degrees Celsius.
b. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is equal at 80 and 24 degrees Celsius.
c. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater at 80 degrees Celsius.
d. The kinetic energy of the water molecules at 24 and 80 degrees Celsius can’t be measured.
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions.
____ 29. Refer to the diagram above. What two forces are at work in this diagram?
a. centripetal and magnetic forces
c. effort and electrical forces
b. electrical and magnetic forces
d. centripetal and electrical forces
____ 30. A star with a mass 1.3 times greater than the mass of our solar system’s Sun will eventually turn into a ____
when all of its nuclear fuel is spent and after it experiences a number of significant changes.
a. quasar
c. white dwarf
b. black hole
d. neutron star
The diagram shows how some properties of a wave change as the wave travels.
____ 31. Refer to the diagram above. How does the wave amplitude change from point 1 to point 4?
a. The wave amplitude increases, then decreases.
b. The wave amplitude does not change between these points.
c. The wave amplitude decreases.
d. The wave amplitude increases.
____ 32. The heat index is used to help people recognize the potential health danger present when high temperatures
combine with high humidity. An air temperature of 90°F, combined with a humidity of 70% requires the body
to cool itself at the same rate as if the temperature were 106°F. If the air temperature is 95°F, and the
humidity is 70%, the apparent temperature would be ____.
Relative
70
Hum. (%)
75
80
The Heat Index
Air Temperature (°F)
85
90
95
100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
69
70
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
73
75
77
78
79
81
82
85
86
88
91
Apparent Temperature (°F)
78
83
87
91
80
85
90
95
82
87
93
99
84
90
96
104
86
93
101
110
88
96
107
120
90
100
114
132
93
106
124
144
97
113
136
102
122
108
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
70
71
71
72
105
110
115
120
95
100
105
113
123
135
149
99
105
112
123
137
150
103
111
120
135
151
107
116
130
148
Source: National Weather Service
a. 124°F
c. 106°F
b. 144°F
d. 72°F
____ 33. A supernova explosion occurs when the entire outer portion of a star is blown off in a massive explosion. Not
all stars experience this event. What stellar property is most important in determining the life cycle and
ultimate fate of a star?
a. the star’s temperature
b. the star’s distance from the center of its galaxy
c. the star’s mass
d. the star’s age
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions.
____ 34. Refer to the diagram above. Which letter represents the height of this wave above the rest position of the
medium?
a. A
c. C
b. B
d. D
A scientific investigation is an organized approach to problem solving.
____ 35. Study the statement describing the scientific method above. During what part of a scientific investigation do
researchers determine what they want to learn in the investigation?
a. gathering data
c. identifying the problem
b. forming the hypothesis
d. analyzing the data
The graph shows the resistance, in microohms, in a 1-cm length of copper (Cu) wire at three temperatures.
Resistance in Microohms at
Different Temperatures (ºC)
____ 36. Refer to the graph above. As temperature increases, ____.
a. less energy is required to move electrons through the wire
b. the resistance in the wire increases, then decreases
c. the resistance in the wire does not change
d. more energy is required to move electrons through the wire
____ 37. Refer to the graph above. What trend is shown by the data?
a. As temperature increases, the resistance in the copper wire decreases.
b. As temperature increases, energy required to move electrons through the wire decreases.
c. As temperature increases, the resistance in the copper wire increases.
d. There is no relationship between temperature and resistance.
Jan takes off her glove and grabs a handful of snow. She holds it in her hand until it begins to melt.
____ 38. Read the information above. Why does the snow begin to melt?
a. Higher kinetic energy molecules in Jan’s hand contact lower kinetic energy snow
molecules.
b. Molecules making up Jan’s hand and the snow have the same average kinetic energy.
c. Slower-moving molecules in Jan’s hand contact faster-moving molecules in the snow.
d. The molecules in Jan’s hand cause the molecules in the snow to stop moving.
____ 39. Moving electric charges produce ____.
a. negative charges
c. magnetic fields
b. opposing protons
d. opposing electrons
____ 40. Which of the following refers to the distance from the crest of a wave to the next crest?
a. wave frequency
c. wave speed
b. wave amplitude
d. wavelength
____ 41. Two electrically charged particles are located a measurable distance away from each other. If one of the
particles is a negatively charged electron, and the other is a positively charge proton, which of the force
diagrams below most accurately indicates the direction and relative magnitude of the electric force between
the two?
a.
c.
Electron
Proton
b.
Electron
Proton
d.
Electron
Proton
Electron
Proton
____ 42. In order to remain electrically neutral, an atom must ____.
a. lose at least one electron
c. gain at least one electron
b. neither gain nor lose electrons
d. gain at least one neutron
This phase diagram for water shows the relationship among temperature, pressure, and the phase of matter in
which water exists.
____ 43. Based on the information in the phase diagram for water, the point at which all three phases of water can
coexist occurs at ____.
a. 10.0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 218 atmospheres
b. slightly warmer than 0.0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 0.33 atmosphere
c. 150 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 180 atmospheres
d. 200 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 150 atmospheres
____ 44. Based on the information in the phase diagram for water, the normal freezing point occurs at ____.
a. 150 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 180 atmospheres
b. 2.0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 50 atmospheres
c. 10.0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 218 atmospheres
d. 0.0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of one atmosphere
____ 45. Researchers plan to study the effects of a new drug on patients’ reported ability to sleep well for an extended
period at night. The experimental design includes individuals representing a continuum of age, race, gender,
and general physical condition. Data including drug dosage, length of time taking the drug, other medications
currently being taken, and night time sleeping habits will be collected from each individual in the sample.
What factors does this experimental design fail to take into account which could result in biased data?
a. The role age might play in how an individual’s sleeping patterns are affected by the drug.
b. The overall health of each individual in the sample.
c. Sleeping problems individuals may have had prior to taking the drug.
d. Possible effects of interactions with other drugs an individual may be taking.
____ 46. Domingo is testing the acceleration performance of his remote controlled car. Starting from rest he accelerates
his car to a maximum speed of 3.1 meters per second (m/s) in 3.5 seconds (sec). What was the average
acceleration of Domingo’s car?
a. 6.60 meters per second squared
c. 0.89 meters per second squared
b. 1.13 meters per second squared
d. 10.85 meters per second squared
____ 47. When an 8-V battery is connected to a resistor, 2 A of current flows in the resistor. What is the resistor's
value?
a. 2 ohms
b. 4 ohms
c. 8 ohms
d. 16 ohms
e. more than 16 ohms
____ 48. The current through a 5-ohm resistor connected to a 150-V power supply is
____ 49.
____ 50.
____ 51.
____ 52.
____ 53.
____ 54.
____ 55.
a. 1A.
b. 10 A.
c. 30 A.
d. 150 A.
e. none of the above
A 15-ohm resistor has a 5-A current in it. What is the voltage across the resistor?
a. 5 V
b. 15 V
c. 20 V
d. 25 V
e. more than 25 V
The frequency of AC current in North America is
a. 120 V.
b. 50 hertz.
c. 30 V.
d. 60 hertz.
Current from a battery is always
a. DC.
b. AC.
As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the circuit
a. stays the same.
b. increases.
c. decreases.
Compared to the resistance of two resistors connected in series, the same two resistors connected in parallel
have
a. less resistance.
b. more resistance.
c. the same resistance.
When one light bulb in a series circuit containing several light bulbs burns out
a. none of the other bulbs will light up.
b. nothing changes in the rest of the circuit.
c. the other light bulbs burn brighter.
When one light bulb in a parallel circuit containing several light bulbs burns out, the other light bulbs
a. do not burn at all.
b. burn brighter.
c. burn the same as before.
Conceptual Physics Final Exam
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: C
Once the tea is removed from a heat source, the particles making it up slow and their average kinetic energy
decreases. This is observable as a decrease in the temperature of the tea.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about how the temperature is changing in this situation.
Remember what you have learned about kinetic energy and temperature.
Correct!
What is the relationship between average kinetic energy of particles and temperature?
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: kinetic energy | temperature
MSC: SC-08-00009-004
2. ANS: D
Objects at rest may have energy as a result of their position. Consider a ball sitting at the top of a hill. At rest,
the ball has 100% potential energy as a result of its position and 0% kinetic energy. As the ball begins to roll
down the hill, the potential energy of the object begins to transform into kinetic energy, or energy of motion.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Remember what you have learned about kinetic energy and potential energy as you
consider your answer.
What factors contribute to an object’s energy of motion?
Consider what you have learned about the energy of motion and stored energy as you
think about this question.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: An enormous variety of biological, chemical and physical phenomena can be explained by changes in
the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.2
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: gravitational potential energy | kinetic energy | potential energy
MSC: SC-10-00033-001
3. ANS: D
This question requires a close look at the set of data. Each liquid has a certain temperature change at each
time interval.
The largest temperature change is Liquid B.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Check the second row of data.
Look carefully again at the table.
Go through each row of data and check the numbers again.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Create and/or interpret graphs and equations to depict and analyze patterns of change.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.13 TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: temperature | temperature change | heat energy
MSC: SC-10-00047
4. ANS: C
The Earth is tilted on its axis. As it revolves around the Sun, this tilt results in some areas receiving more
intense solar radiation for longer periods of time each day, resulting in warmer temperatures, and some areas
receiving less intense solar radiation for shorter periods of time each day, resulting in colder temperatures.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Why does seasonal change occur?
What causes seasonal change?
Correct!
Remember what you have learned about the cause of seasons.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Weather and climate are the direct or indirect result of transfer of solar energy, and changes in one part
of the system may influence all of the others. The complexity of the system and the number of variables
involved requires very complex mathematical models in order to make accurate predictions.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.11 TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: season | pattern | revolution | axis | weather
MSC: SC-10-00350-003
5. ANS: C
Seasonal change impacts people in a variety of ways. There is no relationship, however, between seasonal
change and seismic activity.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about what you have learned about the effects of seasonal change on Earth.
Look for a statement that is not true.
Correct!
Remember what you have learned about relationship between seasonal changes and
temperature.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Weather and climate are the direct or indirect result of transfer of solar energy, and changes in one part
of the system may influence all of the others. The complexity of the system and the number of variables
involved requires very complex mathematical models in order to make accurate predictions.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.11 TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: season | pattern | weather | revolution | axis
MSC: SC-10-00350-001
6. ANS: D
Density is calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by the volume occupied by the substance. The
greater the mass of a substance per unit of volume, the greater the density will be.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
What physical property must be calculated based on mass and volume?
Look at the other choices and think about the definition of each.
Remember what you have learned about physical properties of matter.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Investigate the role of intermolecular or intramolecular interactions on the physical properties
(solubility, density, polarity, boiling/melting points) of compounds.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.9
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: mass | volume | density | property | physical property | matter
MSC: SC-08-00001-004
7. ANS: B
The phase or state in which matter occurs is a physical property. When matter is changed from one phase to
another through processes including melting/freezing and evaporation/condensation, a physical change has
taken place.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Consider what you have learned about the physical properties of matter.
Correct!
Look at the other choices and think about the definition of each.
Remember what you have learned about physical properties of matter.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: state | phase | temperature | physical property | property | matter
MSC: SC-08-00001-005
8. ANS: A
The universe is vast, with approximately 125 billion galaxies. The Milky Way galaxy is only one of those,
being over 100,000 light years in diameter with a few hundred billion stars in it.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
The Milky Way is not comet trails but stars.
The Milky Way galaxy is one of approximately 125 billion galaxies in the visible
universe.
The Milky Way galaxy is 100¸000 light years across and contains a few hundred billion
stars.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Scientists rely on increasingly sophisticated methods of measurement in order to investigate a variety
of phenomena that were previously immeasurable.
STA: 9-12: 3.1.7
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: galaxy | light year | universe | solar system
MSC: SC-10-00018
9. ANS: A
The graphed data indicates that there is a relationship between the volume of a given mass of gas and the
temperature in Kelvin degrees.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
The graphed data demonstrates a relationship between the two variables shown.
Study the graph to determine the relationship between the variables shown.
Look closely at the graph to determine the relationship between the variables shown.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Explore the relationships among temperature, particle number, pressure and volume in the Universal
Gas Law.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.7
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: gas | temperature | volume | Charles's law | gas laws
MSC: SC-10-00347-003
10. ANS: C
The data indicates a direct relationship between temperature in Kelvin degrees and the volume of a gas.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
The graphed data demonstrates a relationship between the two variables shown.
Look closely at the graph to determine the relationship between the variables shown.
Correct!
Study the graph to determine the relationship between the variables shown.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Explore the relationships among temperature, particle number, pressure and volume in the Universal
Gas Law.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.7
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: gas | temperature | volume | gas laws | Charles's law
MSC: SC-10-00347-005
11. ANS: D
An extrapolation of the data does not predict a nearly five-fold increase in population between 2000 and 2010.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Take a closer look at the information shown in the table.
Based on the data shown in the table, consider the other possible answers.
While the data suggest this, this is only a prediction based on the current trend.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Examine existing models of global population growth and the factors affecting population change
(e.g., geography, diseases, natural events, birth/death rates). Propose and defend solutions to identified
problems of population change.
STA: 9-12: 7.2.4
TOP: Interdependence (Unifying
Concepts)
KEY: data | analyze | analysis | population
MSC: SC-10-00345-003
12. ANS: A
World human population rose by 389,275,907 between 1995 and 2000.
Feedback
A
B
Correct!
Study the population data shown in the table.
C
D
Based on the data shown in the table, consider the other possible answers.
Take a closer look at the information shown in the table.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Examine existing models of global population growth and the factors affecting population change
(e.g., geography, diseases, natural events, birth/death rates). Propose and defend solutions to identified
problems of population change.
STA: 9-12: 7.2.4
TOP: Interdependence (Unifying
Concepts)
KEY: data | population | analyze | analysis
MSC: SC-10-00345-004
13. ANS: A
When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes an ion. An atom which loses electrons becomes a
positively charged ion.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
What is the definition of an ion?
Remember what you have learned about the charges of subatomic particles.
Does this subatomic particle have a charge?
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Not all atoms of an element are truly identical. Some may vary in their number of neutrons (isotopes)
or electrons (ions). These variations result in properties which are different than the more common forms of
that element.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.4
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: atom | ion | positive charge | negative charge | charge | electron | proton | neutron
MSC: SC-10-00272-003
14. ANS: C
Wave frequency refers to the number of waves, or vibrations, which pass a given point each second.
Frequency is expressed in units of hertz.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Wave amplitude refers to the height of a wave.
Remember what you have learned about the properties of waves.
Correct!
Wave speed is the rate of motion of a wave.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Waves, including electromagnetic radiation, are an important form of energy transfer. Waves are
governed by rules that can be investigated and used to predict/explain their behavior.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.3
TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: wave | frequency | wavelength | light | sound
MSC: SC-08-00022-003
15. ANS: C
The speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum (and in the atmosphere) is equal to frequency of the wave
times the wavelength. Solving for frequency, knowing the speed and wavelength gives:
hertz
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Check the equation for finding frequency.
Check to see that you are dividing by the correct variable.
Correct!
You do not need to convert kilometers to meters.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Investigate waves, the rules describing wave behavior and energy transfer via waves in real life
phenomena (e.g., nuclear medicine, industrial applications).
STA: 9-12: 6.2.4
TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: wavelength | frequency | electromagnetic waves
MSC: SC-10-00051
16. ANS: B
Burning a match is an example of a chemical change, because a new substance with different chemical and
physical properties is formed.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
Correct!
Is a new substance formed by this process?
A catalyzed reaction involves a substance which increases the rate of the reaction
without itself being consumed in the reaction.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: An enormous variety of biological, chemical and physical phenomena can be explained by changes in
the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.2
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: chemical change | physical change | chemical property | physical property
MSC: SC-08-00021-005
17. ANS: B
When very massive stars run out of nuclear fuel in the core, there is not enough expansion of energy to keep
all the star’s mass in the normal volume. After a red giant stage, where the star’s overall volume increases, the
mass collapses into a small “singularity” where the tremendous densities cause black holes. These are areas
where gravity is so intense, light does not even escape.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
The typical planet is far too small to cause a black hole effect on a star.
Correct!
Small stars, even stars the same mass as our own Sun, would probably not form a black
hole.
Black holes can only exist in large, very old stars after they have used up any nuclear
fuel available in the core.
PTS:
OBJ:
STA:
KEY:
18. ANS:
1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
Describe the life cycle of stars and the products/consequences of their deaths.
9-12: 3.2.7
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
gravity | black hole | stellar mass | nuclear fusion
MSC: SC-10-00014
D
The independent variable is the factor identified by the experimenter which affects the dependent variable. In
this example, the researcher wants to examine how the dependent variable, the amount of snowfall in an area,
is affected by the independent variable, the position of the jet stream.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Use your knowledge of experimental design to think about this question.
Think about the steps in a scientific method.
Consider what you have learned about the steps of a scientific method.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Weather and climate are the direct or indirect result of transfer of solar energy, and changes in one part
of the system may influence all of the others. The complexity of the system and the number of variables
involved requires very complex mathematical models in order to make accurate predictions.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.11 TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: meteorologist | jet stream | independent variable | dependent variable | experiment | scientific method
MSC: SC-10-00318-003
19. ANS: D
The dependent variable changes in response to changes in the independent variable. In this experiment, the
independent variable identified by the experimenter is the position of the jet stream.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Use your knowledge of experimental design to think about this question.
Consider what you have learned about the steps of a scientific method.
Think about the steps in a scientific method.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Weather and climate are the direct or indirect result of transfer of solar energy, and changes in one part
of the system may influence all of the others. The complexity of the system and the number of variables
involved requires very complex mathematical models in order to make accurate predictions.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.11 TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: meteorologist | jet stream | independent variable | dependent variable | scientific method | experiment
MSC: SC-10-00318-002
20. ANS: D
Compare the direction of the boat with that of the current. When both are in the same direction, add the speed
of the current to the boat speed; when the directions are different, subtract current speed from boat speed. To
find the speed of the ball relative to the shore, add the ball speed to the boat speed relative to the bank.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
The speed of the current must be included in your calculations.
Check the direction of the current compared to that of the boat.
The speed of the boat must be included in your calculations.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: All motion is relative to whatever frame of reference is chosen, for there is no motionless frame from
which to judge all motion.
STA: 9-12: 2.1.3
TOP: Motion and Forces (Physical Science)
KEY: speed | relative | reference frame | direction | motion
MSC: SC-10-00078
21. ANS: B
The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth’s crust and mantle are broken into massive pieces that move in
different directions and at different rates over Earth’s surface.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
The theory of sea floor spreading states that new ocean crust is formed at mid-oceanic
ridges and destroyed at oceanic trenches.
Correct!
Mountains are formed as a result of plate tectonics.
Continental drift proposed that all of the continents had once been joined together as a
supercontinent, but did not explain what caused continents to move.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Research the historical rise in acceptance of the theory of Plate Tectonics and the geological/biological
consequences of plate movement.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.2
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: plate tectonics | continental drift | seafloor spreading
MSC: SC-10-00214
22. ANS: C
A proton has a charge of +1, while an electron has a charge of -1. When there are equal numbers of protons
and electrons in an atom, the net charge is zero, resulting in an electrically neutral atom.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Remember how these two subatomic particles are charged.
Think about the charges of these particles.
Correct!
How do the charges of these two subatomic particles affect each other?
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Not all atoms of an element are truly identical. Some may vary in their number of neutrons (isotopes)
or electrons (ions). These variations result in properties which are different than the more common forms of
that element.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.4
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: atom | ion | electron | proton | positive charge | negative charge
MSC: SC-10-00273-001
23. ANS: C
Differences in topography and latitude cause the difference between the water level at high and low tide, or
the tidal range, to vary from location to location.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Look for a factor that is not related to tides.
This is a true statement.
Correct!
Flooding is important to be aware of, particularly in coastal areas.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Investigate, describe and document patterns of interaction of matter and gravity.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.6
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: tide | pattern | ocean | oceanography MSC: SC-10-00349-005
24. ANS: B
The basic cause of tides is the gravitational attraction among the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Because the Moon is
closest to Earth, its effect on water bodies is the greatest.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Recall what you have learned about the causes and cycles of tides.
Correct!
Remember what you have learned about the cause of tides.
Think about the cause of tides.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Investigate, describe and document patterns of interaction of matter and gravity.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.6
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: tide | pattern | ocean | oceanography MSC: SC-10-00349-001
25. ANS: C
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of sea level caused primarily by the gravitational attraction between the
Earth and Moon. Tides can be predicted based on the Earth’s rotation on its axis and the Moon’s revolution
around the Earth, both of which occur at predictable rates.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
What celestial body has the greatest effect on Earth tides?
Remember what you have learned about the cause of tides.
Correct!
Tides are closely related to Earth’s rotation on its axis and the Moon’s revolution
around the Earth.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Investigate, describe and document patterns of interaction of matter and gravity.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.6
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: tide | pattern | ocean | oceanography MSC: SC-10-00349-003
26. ANS: A
The mass of a star determines not only most of its other properties, but also the ultimate product of its life
cycle.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
Among main sequence stars, the most massive stars have the highest surface
temperatures.
The temperature inside a star governs the rate of nuclear reaction.
Stars throughout the universe vary widely in age.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Describe the life cycle of stars and the products/consequences of their deaths.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.7
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: star
MSC: SC-08-00173
27. ANS: D
As the particles in a substance move more slowly, their average kinetic energy decreases and the temperature
of the substance decreases.
Feedback
A
B
C
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance.
What property is determined by the kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance?
Think about what is being measured in this experiment.
D
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: kinetic energy | temperature | measure | measurement | matter
MSC: SC-08-00007-002
28. ANS: C
Temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance. As the particles in a
substance move faster and their average kinetic energy becomes greater, the temperature of the substance
rises.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
What property is determined by the kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance?
Think about what is being measured in this experiment.
Correct!
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: kinetic energy | temperature | measure | measurement | matter
MSC: SC-08-00007-001
29. ANS: B
Electricity and magnetism are related. In this example, a magnetic field is produced around the wire by
electric current moving through the wire.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about what happens as electrons move through the wire.
Correct!
What happens as electric current moves through the wire?
Think about what is happening in this diagram.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Electricity and magnetism are two inseparable aspects of the same force (electromagnetism). Moving
electrical charges produce magnetic forces and moving magnetic fields produce electrical forces. Electrical
current is due to the motion of charge and has a specific direction.
STA: 9-12: 2.1.5
TOP: Motion and Forces (Physical Science)
KEY: magnetic force | electrical force | magnetism | electricity | force | magnet
MSC: SC-08-00100-002
30. ANS: C
Stars up to 1.4 times the mass of our Sun will eventually become white dwarfs, which are stellar bodies that
simply glow from the leftover heat, and will eventually go dark. Stars between 1.4 and 3.0 times the mass of
our Sun will eventually become neutron stars where the star collapses. This forces the electrons to join the
protons of the atoms, changing the protons to neutrons. Stars greater than 3.0 times the mass of our Sun will
eventually become a black hole, where so much mass is collapsed into a single point that the gravitational
attractive forces are great enough to pull in light if it gets close enough.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about the relationship between stellar mass and the eventual stellar object once
the star expires its nuclear fuel.
Think about the definitions of different types of stars.
Correct!
Recall the relationship between stellar mass and the eventual stellar object once the star
expires its nuclear fuel.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Describe the life cycle of stars and the products/consequences of their deaths.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.7
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: gravity | black hole | stellar mass | nuclear fusion | neutron stars | white dwarf
MSC: SC-10-00015
31. ANS: B
Wave amplitude refers to the distance from the crest of a wave to the rest position. In this diagram, all of the
waves have equal amplitude.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about what wave amplitude means.
Correct!
What is the definition of wave amplitude?
What property of a wave is described by wave amplitude?
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Waves, including electromagnetic radiation, are an important form of energy transfer. Waves are
governed by rules that can be investigated and used to predict/explain their behavior.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.3
TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: wavelength | wave amplitude | wave | amplitude | wave height | sound | light | energy
MSC: SC-08-00026-002
32. ANS: A
The heat index effectively shows how the combination of high heat and high humidity can make the air
temperature seem much warmer than it actually is. The body has to work harder to cool itself under conditions
of high temperature and high humidity than under conditions of high temperature and relatively low humidity.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
This would not be the apparent temperature under these temperature and humidity
conditions.
The heat index chart indicates a different answer to this question.
The relative humidity and air temperature must be correctly paired to determine the
apparent temperature.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Use weather data to model the complex interactions responsible for weather and climate.
STA: 9-12: 6.2.13 TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: heat index | temperature | humidity MSC: SC-08-00143
33. ANS: C
A star’s mass determines its ultimate fate. A star must be at least 20 times more massive than the Sun to
produce iron (Fe) in its core, which will trigger a supernova explosion.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
The amount of matter in a star is most important in determining its ultimate fate.
The location of a star within a galaxy does not affect its life cycle.
Correct!
Some stars move rapidly through their life cycles, while others proceed much more
slowly.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Science
OBJ: Describe the life cycle of stars and the products/consequences of their deaths.
STA: 9-12: 3.2.7
TOP: The Earth and the Universe (Earth and Space Science)
KEY: supernova | star
MSC: SC-08-00175
34. ANS: C
The wave height, or amplitude, is the distance from the rest position of the medium to either the crest or
trough.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Point A represents the wave crest.
Look for a letter that represents wave amplitude.
Correct!
This distance is the wavelength.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Waves, including electromagnetic radiation, are an important form of energy transfer. Waves are
governed by rules that can be investigated and used to predict/explain their behavior.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.3
TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: wave height | amplitude | light | sound | wave
MSC: SC-08-00060-004
35. ANS: C
Identifying a problem for study is a key first step of the scientific method.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Think about the steps of the scientific method.
Remember what you have learned about experimental design.
Correct!
This step occurs later in the process.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Science
OBJ: Generate investigable questions and conduct experiments or non-experimental research to address
them, using evidence to defend conclusions. STA: 9-12: 1.2.15
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: problem | scientific method | experiment
MSC: SC-10-00317-005
36. ANS: D
There is a direct relationship between temperature, in degrees Celsius, and the resistance, in microohms, in a
conductor. As temperature increases, resistance also increases.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Study the graph as you consider your answer.
What trend is shown by the data?
Use the information presented in the graph to evaluate your answer.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Design and conduct experiments to determine the conductivity of various materials.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.12 TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: energy | resistance | electricity | electrons
MSC: SC-10-00035-005
37. ANS: C
The graph shows that at higher temperatures, resistance becomes greater.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Use the information presented in the graph to evaluate your answer.
Look for a trend in the graphed data.
Correct!
Study the graph as you consider your answer.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Design and conduct experiments to determine the conductivity of various materials.
STA: 9-12: 1.2.12 TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: energy | resistance | electricity | electrons
MSC: SC-10-00035-002
38. ANS: A
In this example, the molecules that make up Jan’s hand have greater thermal energy and higher average
kinetic energy than the molecules making up the snow. Collisions between these particles increase the
average kinetic energy of the snow molecules to the point that the substance begins to change phase.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Correct!
Remember what you have learned about why and how thermal energy is transferred.
Think about why and how thermal energy moves.
Use your knowledge of why and how thermal energy moves to determine the correct
answer.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: thermal energy | conduction | energy | heat transfer | energy transfer
MSC: SC-08-00053-005
39. ANS: C
As electric charges move back and forth, a magnetic field is formed.
Feedback
A
B
Moving electric charges produce fields.
Moving charges do not produce particles; they produce fields.
C
D
Correct!
Moving charges produce fields, not particles.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Electricity and magnetism are two inseparable aspects of the same force (electromagnetism). Moving
electrical charges produce magnetic forces and moving magnetic fields produce electrical forces. Electrical
current is due to the motion of charge and has a specific direction.
STA: 9-12: 2.1.5
TOP: Motion and Forces (Physical Science)
KEY: force | charge | electric | electron | proton | repel | attract
MSC: SC-10-00095
40. ANS: D
Waves are described by their properties. Wavelength refers to the distance between a point on one wave and
the identical point on the next wave.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Remember what you have learned about the properties of waves.
This term describes another wave property.
Look for a wave property that is measured in units of distance.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Comprehension
REF: Science
OBJ: Waves, including electromagnetic radiation, are an important form of energy transfer. Waves are
governed by rules that can be investigated and used to predict/explain their behavior.
STA: 9-12: 6.1.3
TOP: Energy Transformations (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: wave | wavelength | light | sound
MSC: SC-08-00022-004
41. ANS: D
Particles of like charges repel each other, while particles of opposite charges attract each other. The electron is
negatively charged and the proton is positively charged; therefore they will attract each other. Newton’s Third
Law applies here, as it does in gravitational forces, in that the forces are equal in magnitude.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Unlike charges do not repel each other.
Think about Newton’s Third Law; the forces will be equal in magnitude.
Charges that are of opposite charge provide attractive forces.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Science
OBJ: Electromagnetic forces acting within and between atoms are vastly stronger than the gravitational
forces acting between the atoms. At the atomic level, electric forces between oppositely charged electrons and
protons hold atoms and molecules together and thus are involved in all chemical reactions. On a larger scale,
these forces hold solid and liquid materials together and act between objects when they are in contact-as in
sticking or sliding friction. STA:
9-12: 2.1.6
TOP: Motion and Forces (Physical
Science)
KEY: force | charge | electric | electron | proton | repel | attract
MSC: SC-10-00092
42. ANS: B
Electrically neutral atoms have equal number of protons and electrons.
Feedback
A
B
C
Think about what happens when at atom gains or loses electrons.
Correct!
Remember what you have learned about the charges of particles making up an atom.
D
How are the particles making up at atom charged?
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Not all atoms of an element are truly identical. Some may vary in their number of neutrons (isotopes)
or electrons (ions). These variations result in properties which are different than the more common forms of
that element.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.4
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: atom | ion | positive charge | negative charge | neutral | electron | proton
MSC: SC-10-00272-002
43. ANS: B
This temperature is referred to as the triple point.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Check the temperature and pressure again.
Correct!
Make sure you have the correct pressure and temperature points plotted on the graph.
Make sure you have the correct points plotted on the graph.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Science
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: phase diagram | freeze | freezing | melt | melting | vaporization | vapor | gas | solid | liquid | phase | state
| phase change | triple point
MSC: SC-10-00265-001
44. ANS: D
The normal freezing point is measured at conditions of standard pressure.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
Try a different temperature and pressure plot.
Make sure you have the correct points plotted on the graph.
Make sure you have the correct pressure and temperature points plotted on the graph.
Correct!
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Analysis
REF: Science
OBJ: Changes of state occur when enough energy is added to or removed from the atoms/molecules of a
substance to change their average energy of vibration. Most solids expand as they are heated, and if sufficient
energy is added the atoms/molecules lose their rigid structure and become free to move past each other as a
liquid. In gases the energy of vibration is enough that individual atoms/molecules are free to move
independently.
STA: 9-12: 1.1.5
TOP: Structure and Transformation of Matter (Physical Science)
KEY: phase diagram | freezing point | normal freezing point | phase | phase change | matter | state | liquid |
solid | freeze | melt | melting | freezing
MSC: SC-10-00265-003
45. ANS: C
To avoid bias, a sound experimental design attempts to account for factors which might alter the data in one
direction or another. This involves considering and eliminating as many variables as possible which might
have an effect on the dependent variable being examined.
Feedback
A
B
The researchers have included data collection regarding age of individuals in the study.
Data about the overall health of each individual in the sample will be collected.
C
D
Correct!
The researchers plan to collect data about other drugs individuals in the sample may be
taking.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Evaluation
REF: Workplace
OBJ: Human creativity, inventiveness and ingenuity have brought new risks as well as improvements to
human existence. People control technology and are ultimately responsible for its effects.
STA: 9-12: 7.1.5
TOP: Interdependence (Unifying Concepts)
KEY: data | bias
MSC: SC-10-00332
46. ANS: C
Use the formula for acceleration, where vi is 0, vf is 3.1 meters per second, and elapsed time is 3.5 seconds.
Feedback
A
B
C
D
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
Use the average acceleration formula to solve the problem.
Check that you are using the correct formula.
Correct!
Make sure you are using the appropriate formula.
PTS: 1
DIF: Bloom’s Level: Application
REF: Science
OBJ: Representing and describing motion in a variety of ways provides data that can be used to construct
explanations and make predictions about real-life phenomena.
STA: 9-12: 2.1.1
TOP: Motion and Forces (Physical Science)
KEY: acceleration | motion | speed | velocity | time
MSC: SC-10-00083
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 34.5 Ohm's Law
KEY: resistor | battery | ohm
MSC: application
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 34.5 Ohm's Law
KEY: resistor | power
MSC: application
ANS: E
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 34.5 Ohm's Law
KEY: ohm | current | voltage
MSC:
application
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 34.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current
KEY: AC | frequency
MSC: knowledge
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 34.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current
KEY: battery | DC
MSC: knowledge
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 35.3 Series Circuits
KEY: lamp | circuit | series
MSC: comprehension
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 35.3 Series Circuits
KEY: resistance | series
MSC: comprehension
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 35.3 Series Circuits
KEY: circuit | bulb MSC: application
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 35.4 Parallel Circuits
KEY: parallel | bulb | circuit
MSC: application