Download power point lesson cell respiration ch 9

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C6H1206 + 602  6C02 + 6H20 + energy in ATP Cell respiration
6C02 + 6H20 + light energy  C6H1206 + 602
Photosynthesis
Glucose C6H1206
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Cellular Respiration
Harvesting Chemical Energy
ATP
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2009-2010
“Burn fuels” to make energy
combustion
making heat energy by burning fuels in one step
fuel
(carbohydrates)
O2
CO2 + H2O + heat
aerobic respiration
making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels
in many small steps
ATP
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food
(carbohydrates)
O2
ATP + CO2 + H2O (+ heat)
Energy needs of life
 Animals are energy consumers

What do we need energy for?
 synthesis (building for growth)
 reproduction
 active transport
 movement
 temperature control (making heat)
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Where do we get energy?
 Energy is stored in organic molecules
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Animals eat these organic molecules  food
 digest food to get


 fuels for energy (ATP)
 raw materials for building more molecules
 carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids
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ATP
What is energy in biology?
ATP
Adenosine TriPhosphate
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2009-2010
Harvesting energy stored in food
 Cellular respiration

breaking down food to produce ATP
 in mitochondria
 using oxygen
 “aerobic” respiration

food
ATP
usually digesting glucose
 but could be other sugars,
fats, or proteins
O2
glucose + oxygen  energy + carbon + water
dioxide
CH O +
6 12 6
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6O2
 ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O
Which of the following is a product of
cell respiration?
1. ATP
2. Glucose
3. Oxygen
4. NADPH
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Cell Respiration takes place in the
1. Chloroplast
2. Nucleus
3. Mitochondria
4. Rough ER
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What do we need to transform
chemical energy in food?
 The “Furnace” for transfering energy

mitochondria
 Fuel

food: carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Make ATP!
Make ATP!
All I do all day…
And no one
even notices!
 Helpers


oxygen
enzymes
food
 Product

enzymes
ATP
 Waste products

carbon dioxide
 then used by plants

water
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O2
ATP
CO2
H2O
Mitochondria are everywhere!!
animal cells
plant cells
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Using ATP to do work?
Can’t store ATP
 too unstable
 only used in cell
that produces it
 only short term
energy storage
ATP
Adenosine TriPhosphate
work
Adenosine DiPhosphate
ADP
A working muscle recycles over
10 million ATPs per second
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A Body’s Energy Budget
1
eat
food
ATP
2
3
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make energy
synthesis
(building)
storage
{
{
{
• energy needed
even at rest
• activity
• temperature
control
• growth
• reproduction
• repair
• glycogen
(animal starch)
• fat
Mitochondria Structure
 Double membrane bound organelle
 Contains its own DNA (different from


nucleus’ DNA)
Matrix = jelly-like fluid
Cristae = folds of membrane within the
mitochondria
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Steps of Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis (Anaerobic – does not require oxygen)
2. Kreb’s Cycle (Aerobic- requires oxygen)
3. Electron Transport Chain (Aerobic)
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Which of the following processes
requires oxygen?
1. Photosynthesis
2. Aerobic
Respiration
3. Anaerobic
Respiration
4. Glycolysis
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Which of the following is NOT a stage
of cell respiration?
1. Krebs Cycle
2. Calvin Cycle
3. Glycolysis
4. Electron
Transport
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The first step of respiration is
1. Glycolysis
2. Kreb Cycle
3. Calvin Cycle
4. Electron
Transport Chain
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Plants conduct which of the
following processes?
1. Glycolysis
2. Photosynthesis
only
3. Respiration only
4. Both
Photosynthesis
and respiration
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Glycolysis takes place in the
1. Mitochondrial
matrix
2. cytoplasm
3. Cell membrane
4. Cristae of
mitochondria
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Step 1: Glycolysis
 Takes place in cytoplasm
 Anaerobic process- no oxygen required
 Splits glucose into two 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate



REACTANTS (IN) = Glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, and 4 ADP
PRODUCTS = 2 ADP, 2 NADH, 4 ATP, 2 Pyruvate
Net gain = 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH and 2 ATP
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Step 2: Kreb’s Cycle
 Takes place in matrix of

mitochondria
Aerobic Process – will not

happen without the presence of
oxygen
Electron carriers NADH and FADH2 are
produced from NAD and FAD

NADH and FADH2 go to the Electron
Transport Chain to be used to make more
ATP
 Carbon Dioxide is released
 2 ATP are produced
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Step 3: Electron Transport Chain






Takes place in cristae of mitochondria
Aerobic process – uses oxygen
Uses the NADH produced in Glycolysis & the Kreb’s Cycle
Uses the FADH2 produced in the Kreb’s Cycle
Produces 34 ATP!!!!
Water is released
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What if oxygen is missing?
 No O2 available = can’t carry out Kreb’s
O2
cycle or electron transport
 Anaerobic respiration

=glycolysis followed by fermentation
 alcohol fermentation-yeasts
 lactic acid fermentation-bacteria
& skeletal muscle
 Cells must survive on 2 ATP/gluocse
produced during Glycolysis
 Repeating cycles of glycolysis &
fermentation
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yeast
bacteria
Fermentation does
NOT produce ATP!
It regenerates
glycolysis’s reactant
Fermentation
NAD+ so that
glycolysis can be
 alcohol fermentation
repeated again & again
 yeast
while conditions are
 glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol anaerobic.
 make beer, wine, bread
Anaerobic Respiration


lactic acid fermentation
 bacteria, animals
 glucose  ATP + lactic acid
 bacteria make yogurt
 animals feel muscle fatigue
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Tastes good…
but not enough
energy for me!
O2
Got the energy…
Ask Questions!!
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2009-2010