Download ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
THE STUDY OF CARBONBASED MOLECULES, and
molecules made by living things
Proteins
Basics
• Structural molecule
of life
– The reason DNA
exists (code for
making protein)
Proteins
Basics
• Structural molecule
of life
– The reason DNA
exists (code for
making protein)
Proteins
Basics
• Structural molecule
of life
– The reason DNA
exists (code for
making protein)
• Increase reaction
speed (enzymes)
• McGraw Hill – ANIMATION
Shape determines function
• Shape determines
their function
– What would impact
shape of protein
molecules?
The building blocks of proteins:
Amino acids
WHY IS C SO SPECIAL?
• 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS!!!!
WHY IS C SO SPECIAL?
• 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS!!!!
4 valence electrons is important because…
–Bonds with many other elements,
including other carbons
• Result: huge, complex molecules)
4 groups of organic compounds
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
4 organic compounds
Organic
compound
Monomer
name
Labeled
Diagram
Polymer
name
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic
acids
Proteins
x
x
x
Example
(if relevant)
Function
How do molecules
become big and
complex?
POLYMERIZATION
• When you link up
monomers (individual
molecular unit), you
get polymers
– The process is called
polymerization
– Giant molecules are
also called
macromolecules
Polymers Monomers
• Carbohydrates
• Monosacharrides
– a.k.a.polysaccharides
• Lipids
• Nucleic acids
• N/A
• Nucleotides
– Ex. DNA, RNA
• Proteins
– a.k.a.polypeptide chains
• Amino acids
POLYMERIZATION terms:
• Dehydration
synthesis: when
monomers join
together to
synthesize
polymers, and get
dehydrated in the
process
• Hydrolysis: when
a polymer is
broken into its
monomers, and
gets hydrated with
water molecules in
the process
Polymerization Animation links
• McGraw Hill – with enzymes
• Bonding Animation