Download Multiple Choice Test

Multiple Choice Test
1) What is a commons?
a) A commons is an area of land left unused for reasons of nature
conservation
b) A commons involves a community exercising collective management of a
common resource.
c) A commons is a political institutions connected to parliament
d) A commons is land owned by a parish council
2) Uneconomic growth means
a) A state of the economy in which increasing numbers of companies are
making losses
b) A speculative bubble in financial and real estate markets
c) Where the additional harms caused by further economic activity exceed
the additional benefits
d) A period of high unemployment
3) Ecological scale limits refer to
a) A measure of biodiversity used in environmental economics
b) A graduated scale of progressively worse climate impacts
c) The ratio of energy return on energy invested in recovering a fossil fuel
d) Constraints on available natural resource inputs and natural sink
absorption capacities
4) What are externalities external to?
a) The private costs and private benefit calculations of a company in
deciding its activities
b) Government regulatory frameworks
c) Household decisions about consumption
d) Transactions outside domestic national markets
5) Mainstream economics is based on 'preference utilitarianism' which is
a) A policy for ethical conduct based on the concept of personal duty
b) A theory derived from Aristotle about learning to desire a balanced life and
avoiding extremes
c) A theory of resource substitutions
d) The idea that how valuable things are to people is signalled by what they
are prepared to pay to realise their preferences
6) The Kaldor Hicks compensation test
a) A criteria for deciding whether an activity goes ahead or not when there
are winners and losers from the activity
b) A test for whether someone should be paid money for damage to their
environment
c) A legal case precedent in a pollution case in the US courts
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d) A way of ensuring low income earners have sufficient purchasing power to
express their environmental preferences with cash
7) A high discount rate applied to the projected costs and benefits of investment
decisions with long term environmental consequences
a) Downgrades priorities to future generations
b) Upgrades priorities to future generations
c) Has no consequences for impacts on future generations
d) Is a purely theoretical idea that has never been used except in textbooks
8) The 'strong sustainability rule' for the use of a renewable resource is that
a) Less should be used each year
b) No more should be used than is made up for by the rate of regeneration of
the resource
c) Increasing quantities of the resource can only be used if a substitute has
been developed
d) A minimum amount of the resource still exists
9) The 'Jevons effect' means
a) The up and down oscillation of coal consumption in parallel with booms
and slumps
b) A statistical proof associated with Jevon's "mechanics of utility and self
interest"
c) A supposed connection between sunspot activity and booms and slumps
d) The observation that the technological efficiency with which a resource is
used tends to increase its consumption
10) The internet accounts for 2% of current global energy use and its usage doubles
ever 5 years. After 30 years at this growth rate what % of current global energy
consumption would the internet consume?
a) 60%
b) 128%
c) 300%
d)
64%
Answers are available on request. Contact [email protected]
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