Download DB2 UDB - the Basics by Keith Gardenhire, IBM

IBM Software Group
DB2 UDB the Basics
Keith E. Gardenhire
[email protected]
© 2005 IBM Corporation
IBM Software Group
Introduction
 DB2 UDB V8.2
 Basic Database Administration
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Products
DB2 Enterprise Server Edition
DB2 Workgroup Server Unlimited Edition
DB2 Workgroup Server Edition
DB2 UDB Express Edition
DB2 Personal Edition
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Data Partitioning Feature
Ethernet
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Node 1
Node 2
Node 3
Node 4
Data
Data
Data
Data
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Instance
 Manages one or more databases
 Must have root or Administrator Authority to create
 db2icrt is used to create an instance
 db2idrop is used to drop an instance
 db2iupdt is used to update the instance
db2icrt -u fencedusr instance_name
db2start
will start an instance
db2stop
will stop an instance
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Creating the Database
 Create db database-name
 Creates three table spaces
 Creates System Catalog Tables
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Create Database Command
CREATE DATABASE dbname AS alias_name
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Table Space
Logical layer between Hardware and Database
Comprised of one or more containers
A container is a file or a directory
REGULAR
CREATE
TABLESPACE name
LARGE
SYSTEM
TEMPORARY
USER
MANAGED BY
SYSTEM
system-containers
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DATABASE
database-containers
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System Containers
SMS Containers
USING (‘container string’)
DMS Containers
USING
(FILE ‘container string’ number of pages)
(DEVICE ‘container string’ number of pages)
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Table Space Example
CREATE TABLESPACE TS1 MANAGED BY SYSTEM
USING (‘/home/inst01/database/ts1’)
CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01D MANAGED BY DATABASE
USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\DATABASE\DMS01D’ 1000)
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Create Tables
Command Line
db2 create table ARTISTS (
ARTNO
SMALLINT NOT NULL,
NAME
VARCHAR(40),
COMPANY CHAR(20), BIO CLOB (10K) NOT LOGGED,
PICTURE
BLOB (2700K) NOT LOGGED )
IN DMS01D INDEX IN DMS01I LONG IN DMS01L
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Create Table Script File
create table warehouse
(itemno smallint,
warehousename char(20),
qty integer )
in dms03d;
The script file cr_warehouse contains the above info
db2 –tvf cr_warehouse
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Table Characteristics
Describe command
db2 describe table ARTISTS
Column
Type Type
name
schema name
Length Scale Nulls
--------------- --------- ------------------ -------- ----- -----ARTNO
SYSIBM SMALLINT
2 0 No
NAME
SYSIBM VARCHAR
40 0 Yes
COMPANY SYSIBM CHARACTER 20 0 Yes
BIO
SYSIBM CLOB
20480 0 Yes
PICTURE SYSIBM BLOB
2764800 0 Yes
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Describe Indexes
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Moving Data
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Moving Data
 IMPORT
 EXPORT
 LOAD
 db2move
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Import / Export
Import
File
Export
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IMPORT utility
IMPORT FROM filename OF
IXF
DEL
ASC
LOBS FROM lob-path MODIFIED BY options
MESSAGES
INSERT INTO
table-name
INSERT_UPDATE
REPLACE
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REPLACE_CREATE
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Export
EXPORT TO
file
OF
IXF
MESSAGES
message-file
DEL
WSF
select statement
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LOAD
1) Load Loads data, collects index keys
2) Build creates the indexes
3) Delete Delete unique key violations place into
exception tables.
4) Index Copy – copy indexes from temp table space
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LOAD Command
LOAD FROM filename OF
IXF
ASC
DEL
LOBS FROM lob-path
MESSAGES
INSERT
MODIFIED BY options
message-file
INTO table-name
REPLACE
RESTART
TERMINATE
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LOAD from Cursor
Create nickname sales for
another database SAMPLE table SALES
Create nickname employee for
another database SAMPLE table EMPLOYEE
DECLARE C1 CURSOR FOR SELECT SALES.SALES_PERSON,
LASTNAME, FIRSTNME FROM SALES, EMPLOYEE
WHERE SALES_PERSON = EMPLOYEE.LASTNAME
LOAD FROM C1 OF CURSOR INSERT INTO LOCAL_SALES
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DB2MOVE
db2move
Database
db2move
db2move.lst
table.ixf
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db2move syntax
db2move
database-name
import
export
load
tc
table-creators
tn table-name
sn schema-names
ts
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table space-names
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GUI Tools
Using Graphical User Interface
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Using the Control Center
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Control Center – Create Database
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Examples of Table Space
CREATE TABLESPACE TS1 MANAGED BY SYSTEM
USING (‘C:\SMS\MUSICKEG\TS1’)
CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01D MANAGED BY DATABASE
USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\MUSICKEG\DMS01D’ 161)
EXTENTSIZE 8 PREFETECHSIZE 8
CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01I MANAGED BY DATABASE
USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\MUSICKEG\DMS01I’ 48)
EXTENTSIZE 4 PREFETCHSIZE 4
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Table Space Using GUI
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Table Space Using GUI (2)
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Table Space Using GUI (3)
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Table Space Using GUI (4)
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Command Editor
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Visual Explain
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Visual Explain
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Task Center
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Journal
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RECOVERY
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Recovery
Defining logs
Recovery of database
Recovery of a table space
Offline versus Online
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Database Recovery LOGRETAIN = NO
Database
S0000000.log
S0000001.log
S0000003.log (Secondary Log)
S0000004.log (Secondary Log)
S00000002.log
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Database Recovery LOGRETAIN = RECOVERY
Database
S0000000.log
S0000001.log
S00000002.log
S0000003.log
S0000004.log
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Backup
 If LOGRETAIN = Recovery you may backup table space or
database
 If LOGRETAIN = NO you may only backup database
BACKUP DB database-name ONLINE to C:\backup
INCLUDE LOGS
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Recovery
 If LOGRETAIN = NO, you may only recover the database
 If LOGRETAIN = RECOVERY, you may recover a table space
or a database from a full database backup
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Modes of Recovery
 Offline
 Online
RESTORE DB database-name FROM file TAKEN AT time
ROLLFORWARD DATABASE database-name
TO isotime
AND STOP
END OF LOGS
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HADR – High Availability Disaster Recovery
Database1
Laptop computer
Database_standby
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Performance and Tuning
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Performance and Tuning
 Database Configuration parameters
 Database Structure
 SQL Statements
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Database Configuration parameters
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Configuration Parameters
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Buffer Pool
Select * f rom Staff
Buff er Pool
Database
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Monitoring Buffer Pool Hit Ratio
 db2 get snapshot for bufferpools on database-name
Bufferpool name
= IBMDEFAULTBP
Database name
= MUSICKEG
Database path
= C:\DB2\NODE0000\SQL00002\
Input database alias
= MUSICKEG
Snapshot timestamp
= 05/04/2005 13:11:37.329018
Buffer pool data logical reads
= 336
Buffer pool data physical reads = 129
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Sort Heap
 Sorts are done in sortheap
 If no space for sort data is moved to TEMPSPACEn
 GET SNAPSHOT FOR ALL ON database
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Package Cache
 Dynamic SQL statements
Select * from Staff where ID = 10
Select * from Staff where ID = 10
Update Staff Set Salary = Salary + 100 where ID = 10
Select * from EMPLOYEE
Package Cache
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LOCK
 Locks are held to prevent loss of data
 Lock Row / Table / Table Space
 LOCKLIST
 MAXLOCKS
 ALTER TABLE table-name LOCKSIZE TABLE
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Show Locks
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SQL Statements
 Determine which statement is causing the majority of
problems
 Determine what might be causing the problem
 Testing the solution
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SQL Activity Monitor
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Visual Explain
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Table Statistics
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Performance Summary
 Buffer pools
 Numerous Database Configuration parameters
 SQL Statement Tuning
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Security
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Security
 Security is used at the operating system level
 Table access is through the database
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Instance Level
 SYSADM_GROUP
 SYSCTRL_GROUP
 SYSMAINT_GROUP
 SYSMON_GROUP
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GRANT / REVOKE
 GRANT access to an object/program
 REVOKE access to an object/program
 GRANT SELECT ON TABLE ARTISTS TO USER1
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Summary
 The Relational Database can be simple or complex
 The database structure is simple, Table spaces, Tables, etc.
 Recovery is straight forward
 Database maintenance can be automated
 Tuning the database is a life long endeavor
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DB2 UDB Proof of Technology
 July 12, 13 DB2 UDB Administration Proof of Technology
 IBM – McClean Tec
 8401 Greensboro Drive
 McClean, VA 22102
 Suite 120 First Floor
 WebSphere Information Integrator July 14, 2005
 Contact: Keith E. Gardenhire
 [email protected]
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DB2 UDB Proof of Technology Con’t
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© 2005 IBM Corporation