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Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Muscles of ocular motor movement Muscles of the tongue Depress the tongue Elevate the tongue Muscles of the neck Flex, extend neck and turn head side to side Rib elevation Flex and rotate neck Flex head and sometimes neck Depresses mandible Elevate mandible Elevate hyoid Depress hyoid Muscles of Respiration Muscles that protract scapula Muscles that retract scapula Muscles that elevate the Rectus capitis minor / major, obliquous capititis superior / inferior Genioglossus, styloglossus, hyglossus Genioglossus, hyglossus Styloglossus SCM, Longus colli, Longus capitis, Scalene, Platysma SCM Scalene mm. Longus colli Dorsal Rami – C1- C2 Not associated with cervical plexus CN XII CN XII CN XII CN XI, C2-C3 Cervical nerves Ventral rami C2 – C6 – Cervical and Brachial plexus Longus capitis Ventral rami C1-C3 – Cervical plexus Lateral Pterygoid, Platysma, CN V(3), CN VII, ant. Digastric Belly CN V(3), post. Belly CN VII Temporalis, Masseter, CN V(3) Medial Pterygoid Stylohyoid, Digastric, CN VII, ant. Belly CN Mylohyoid V(3), post. Belly CN VII, CN V Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, C1-3 – Cervical plexus Thyrohyoid (infrahyoid but does not depress), Omohyoid Diaphragm, external C3,4,5 (keep the diaphragm intercostal, internal alive), Phrenic nerve – intercostal Cervical Plexus Serratus anterior Long thoracic n. – C5,6,7 –Brachial plexus Pectoralis Minor Medial Pectoral n. – C8,T1 – Brachial plexus Rhomboid minor Dorsal Scapular n. – C5 – Brachial plexus Rhomboid major Dorsal Scapular n. – C5 – brachial plexus Trapezius Spinal root CN XI, ventral rami C3,4 – Cervical Latissimus dorsi plexus Thoracodorsal n. – C6,7,8 – Brachial plexus Levator Scapulae Dorsal Scapular n. – C5 – Major Muscle Groups and Innervations scapula Trapezius Rhomboid Major Rhomboid Minor Medially rotate humerus Subscapularis Teres Major Pectoralis Major Latissmus dorsi Deltoid Laterally rotate humerus Deltoid Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Flex humerus Deltoid Pectoralis Major Coracobrachialis Brachial plexus Spinal root CN XI, ventral rami C3,4 – Cervical plexus Dorsal Scapular n. – C5 – Brachial plexus Dorsal Scapular n. – C5 – Brachial plexus Subscapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Lower Subscapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Medial Pectoral n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Lateral Pectoral n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Thoracodorsal n. – C6,7,8 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Axillary n. – C5,6- brachial plexus (posterior cord) Axillary n. – C5,6- brachial plexus (posterior cord) Suprascapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (off of superior trunk) Suprascapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (off of superior trunk) Axillary n. – C5,6- brachial plexus (posterior cord) Axillary n. – C5,6- brachial plexus (posterior cord) Medial Pectoral n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Lateral Pectoral n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Musculocutaneous n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Extend humerus Deltoid Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Long head of triceps brachii Flex elbow Biceps Brachii Brachialis Pronator Teres Brachioradialis Extend elbow Triceps brachii Anconeous Supinate forearm Biceps brachii Supinator Rotators of Ulna Pronator Teres Axillary n. – C5,6- brachial plexus (posterior cord) Thoracodorsal n. – C6,7,8 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Subscapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Musculocutaneous n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Biceps brachial n. Musculocutaneous n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Musculocutaneous n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Biceps brachial n. Radial n. - C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Pronator quadratus Supinator Abduct humerus Deltoid Supraspinatus Adduct humerus Teres Major Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Coracobrachialis Flex carpus Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Radial n. - C5,6,7,8,T1brachial plexus (posterior cord) Axillary n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Suprascapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (off of superior trunk) Lower Subscapular n. – C5,6 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Medial Pectoral n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Lateral Pectoral n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Thoracodorsal n. – C6,7,8 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Musculocutaneous n. – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Ulnar n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Palmaris longus Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Extend carpus Abduct carpus Adduct carpus Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum communicus, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicus, extensor pollicis brevis Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor pollicis longus Flexor carpi radialis Extensor carpi ulnaris Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Ulnar n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1 – brachial plexus (posterior cord) Median n. – Lateral root – C5,6,7 – brachial plexus (lateral cord) Medial root – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Radial n. – C5,6,7,8,T1- Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Flexor carpi ulnaris Flex thigh Iliacus Psoas major Tensor fascia latae Pectineus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Sartorius Rectus femoris Extend thigh Gluteus maximus Piriformis, Superior gemellus, Obturator internus, Inferior gemellus Abduct femur Adductor magnus, Biceps Femoris Long head, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, Tensor fascia latae Sartorius Piriformis brachial plexus (posterior cord) Ulnar n. – C8, T1 – brachial plexus (medial cord) Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Embedded in Lumbar plexus – L1-4, Genitofemoral n.- L1,2 runs longitudinally along this muscle L2,3 Superior gluteal n. – L4,5,S1 – Sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Sciatic n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Inferior gluteal n. – L5,S1, S2 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Sciatic n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Superior gluteal n. – L4,5,S1 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Adduct femur Gracilis Pectineus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Laterally rotate thigh Piriformis Sartorius Gluteus maximus Iliacus Psoas major Superior gemellus, Obturator internus, Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris Biceps femoris long head Medial rotators of the thigh Gracilis Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus Pectineus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Tibial n. – L2,3,4 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Sciatic n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – Lumbar plexus Inferior gluteal n. – L5,S1,S2 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Embedded in Lumbar plexus – L1-4, Genitofemoral n. – L1,2runs longitudinally along this muscle L2,3 Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Sciatic n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Superior gluteal n. – L4,5,S1 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Obturator n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Major Muscle Groups and Innervations Tensor fascia latae Flex the knee Semitendinosus, semimembranosus Sartorius Biceps femoris long head Biceps femoris short head Extend knee Invert foot Evert foot Dorsiflex foot Plantarflex foot Superior gluteal n. – L4,5,S1 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – lumbar plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Common Peroneal n. – L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Femoral n. – L2,3,4 – sacral plexus Semimembranosus, semitendinosus Gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus Quads: Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius Tibialis anterior, Extensor Deep peroneal n. of hallicus longus common peroneal n. – L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Tibialis posterior Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – sacral plexus Peroneous tertius Deep peroneal n. of common peroneal n. – L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Peroneous longus Superficial peroneal n. of common peroneal – L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Peroneous brevis Superficial peroneal n. of common peronealL4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Tibialis anterior, Extensor Deep peroneal n. of hallicus longus, Extensor common peroneal n. – digitorum longus, L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Peroneous tertius Peroneous longus, Superficial peroneal n. of Peroneous brevis common peroneal – L4,5,S1,2 – sacral plexus Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Tibial n. – L4,5,S1,2,3 – Plantaris, Flexor hallicus sacral plexus longus, Flexor digitorum longus, Tibialis posterior
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