Download Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand, Nonenveloped

Prions
• Infectious proteins
• Inherited and transmissible by ingestion, transplant, and surgical
instruments
• Spongiform encephalopathies: Sheep scrapie, Creutzfeldt-Jakob
disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial
insomnia, mad cow disease
• PrPC: Normal cellular prion protein, on cell surface
• PrPSc: Scrapie protein; accumulates in brain cells forming plaques
Prions
Figure 13.22
• Plant viruses:
Enter through
wounds or via
insects.
• Viroids:
Infectious RNA;
e.g., potato
spindle tuber
disease.
Figure 13.23
Some Plant Viruses
Table 13.6
Virus Families
• Single-stranded DNA,
nonenveloped viruses
– Parvoviridae
• Human parvovirus
• Fifth disease
• Anemia in
immunocompromised patients
Table 13.2 (1 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand, Nonenveloped
• Enterovirus
– Enteroviruses include
poliovirus and
coxsackievirus.
• Rhinovirus
• Hepatitis A virus
Table 13.2 (7 of 20)
Double-Stranded DNA, Nonenveloped
Viruses
• Mastadenovirus
– Respiratory infections
in humans
– Tumors in animals
Table 13.2 (2 of 20)
Double-Stranded DNA, Nonenveloped
Viruses
• Papillomavirus
(human wart virus)
• Polyomavirus
– Cause tumors; some
cause cancer
Table 13.2 (3 of 20)
Double-Stranded DNA, Enveloped
Viruses
• Orthopoxvirus
(vaccinia and smallpox
viruses)
• Molluscipoxvirus
– Smallpox
– Molluscum
contagiosum
– Cowpox
Table 13.2 (4 of 20)
Double-Stranded DNA, Enveloped
Viruses
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Simplexvirus (HHV1 and HHV 2)
Varicellavirus (HHV 3)
Lymphocryptovirus (HHV 4)
Cytomegalovirus (HHV 5)
Roseolovirus (HHV 6)
HHV 7
Kaposi's sarcoma (HHV 8)
– Some herpesviruses can remain
latent in host cells.
Table 13.2 (5 of 20)
Double-Stranded DNA, Enveloped
Viruses
• Hepadnavirus
(Hepatitis B virus)
– Use reverse
transcriptase to
produce DNA from
mRNA.
Table 13.2 (6 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand, Nonenveloped
• Hepatitis E virus
• Norovirus causes
gastroenteritis.
Table 13.2 (8 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand,
Enveloped
• Alphavirus
– Alphaviruses are
transmitted by
arthropods; include EEE,
WEE.
• Rubivirus (rubella virus)
Table 13.2 (9 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand,
Enveloped
• Arboviruses can
replicate in
arthropods; include
yellow fever, dengue,
SLE, and West Nile
viruses
• Hepatitis C virus
Table 13.2 (10 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, + Strand,
Enveloped
• Coronavirus
– Upper respiratory
infections
– SARS
Table 13.2 (11 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
One RNA Strand
• Vesiculovirus
• Lyssavirus (rabies
virus)
• Cause numerous
animal diseases
Table 13.2 (12 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
One RNA Strand
• Filovirus
– Enveloped, helical
viruses
– Ebola and Marburg
viruses
Table 13.2 (13 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
One RNA Strand
• Paramyxovirus
• Morbillivirus
• Paramyxovirus
– Parainfluenza
– Mumps
– Newcastle disease
Table 13.2 (14 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
One RNA Strand
• Hepatitis D virus
– Depends on
coinfection with
Hepadnavirus
Table 13.2 (15 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
Multiple RNA Strands
• Influenzavirus
(Influenza viruses A
and B)
• Influenza C virus
– Envelope spikes can
agglutinate RBCs.
Table 13.2 (16 of 20)
Crossing the Species Barrier
UN 13.3
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
Multiple RNA Strands
• Bunyavirus (CE virus)
• Hantavirus
Table 13.2 (17 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, – Strand,
Multiple RNA Strands
• Arenavirus
– Helical capsids contain
RNA-containing
granules
– Lymphocytic
choriomeningitis
– VEE and Lassa Fever
Table 13.2 (18 of 20)
Single-Stranded RNA, Two RNA Strands,
Produce DNA
• Lentivirus (HIV)
• Oncogenic viruses
– Use reverse
transcriptase to
produce DNA from
viral genome.
– Includes all RNA tumor
viruses
Table 13.2 (19 of 20)
Double-Stranded RNA, Nonenveloped
• Reovirus (Respiratory
Enteric Orphan)
• Rotavirus
– Mild respiratory
infections and
gastroenteritis
• Colorado tick fever
Table 13.2 (20 of 20)