Download Presentation 6

Infections of ruminants
Viral infections of the respiratory
tract
BRSV
 IBR
 Parainfluenza
 BVDV
 Adenoviruses
 Maedi-Visna

Infectious Bovine
Rhinotracheitis - IBR




Acute disease of upper resp. tract
Fever, keratoconjunctivitis, nasal and occular
discharge, explosive cough, salivation
Non-complicated disease lasts 10-14 days
Frequent secondary infections (Pasteurella)
IBR - diagnostics

Izolation on TC
Typization by monoclonal antibodies

Seroconversion (dynamique)

BRSV





Main pathogen in the respiratory complex
Affects young age category
High incidence of the disease, mortality up to
20% (bacterial coinfections)
Biphasic disease curve
Colostral antibodies doesn´t protect against
infection
BRSV - diagnostics





Very labile virus, izolation on TC not reliable
Antigen capture ELISA
IF test
Detection of VN antibodies (paired samples)
Calf with colostral antibodies doesn´t seroconvert
THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
necrotic laryngitis in calves
Fusobacterium necroforum
benzylpenicillin i.m
bronchopneumonia and pneumonia
Mannheimia haemolytica
vac. s.c.
Calves less than 5 w.
co-amoxicillin
Pasteurella multocida
Calves less than 5 w.
potenc.sulfonamides p.o.,i.v.,i.m.
co amoxicillin
i.m.,s.c.
Salmonella Dublin
cephalosporines 3.g. i.m.
inact.
i.m.,s.c.
potenc.sulfonamides p.o.,i.v.,i.m.
THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
.
Arcanobacterium pyogenes benzylpenicillin
P. multocida
inact. vac. s.c.
i.m.
Histophilus somnii
i.m.,i.v.
potenc.sulfonamides p.o.,i.v.,i.m.
cephalosporines 3 g.
benzylpenicillin
i.v.,i.m.
Mycoplasma spp.-M.bovis, M.dyspar, M.agalactiae
calves
cows
i.m.
tylosin i.m.
tetracyclines
Infection of GIT
 BVDV
 Bovine
Coronavirus
 Bovine Rotavirus
 Some serotypes of adenoviruses
Coronavirus skotu





Primary pathogen
Disease of 3-21 day old calf, sometimes in older
animals (up to 3 months)
Watery diarrhoea, dehydratation, acidosis…
Virus replication in distant part of the gut,
desquamation, malabsorption syndrome
Enzootic disease, prevalence up to 100%
Bovine Coronavirus diagnostics
Virus shedding stops after exfoliation of infected
enterocytes

IF detection
– smears
– Sections of the gut




Antigen capture ELISA
Immunoelectron microscopy
Isolation on TC (some strains only, long lasting)
HA test
Bovine Coronavirus diagnostics
Detection of antibodies
 Ab are virtually in all animals
 Dynamics of seroconversion (IgM or IgA)
Bovine Rotavirus






Primary pathogen, endemic
Calfs -1-2 weeks (then subclinical course)
Diarrhoea
Milder course than in coronaviruses, same
pathogenesis
At least 3 serotypes
No cross protection
Bovine Rotavirus - diagnostics

IEM
IF test
Cell line MA104 – IF confirmation
ELISA kits
Latex agglutination test

Antibody detection- high serological prevalence




THE ALIMENTARY TRACT
actinobacilosis (soft tissues infection)
Actinobacillus lignieresii
i.v.,i.m.
benzylpenicillin
actinomycosis (bone infection)
Actinomyces bovis
benzylpenicillin
i.m.
THE ALIMENTARY TRACT
enteritis/enterotoxicosis/enterotoxemia
E. coli (F5)
calves less than 1 w.
colistin
inact. vac. s.c.
Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium
calves 1-5 w
enrofloxacin
p.o
p.o.
C. perfringens typ A,C
calves
tylosin
i.m.
s.c.
Salmonella Typhimurium
feed lot
enrofloxacin i.m., p.o.
Salmonella Dublin cephalosporines 1.-3.g
inact. vac.
i.v.,i.m.
Infection of genital tract
 IBR
 BVDV
 Scrapie
THE URINARY TRACT
pyelonephritis
Corynebacterium renale
i.v.,i.m.
E. coli
benzylpenicillin
cephalosporines
1.-3.g i.v.,i.m.
cystitis
Corynebacterium cystitidis
C. pilosum
Enterococcus faecalis
E. coli
benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m.
benzylpenicillin i.v.,i.m
amoxicillin+ gentamicin
i.v.,i.m.
potenc.sulfonamidy
i.v.,i.m.
THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
abortions
Leptospira spp.
doxycyclin
L.hardjo*
oxytetracyclin
L.pomona
Listeria monocytogenes
amoxicillin
i.v.,i.m.
i.v.,i.m.
i.v.,i.m.
Salmonella enterica potenc.sulfonamides i.v.,i.m.
Histophilus somnus
benzylpenicillin
Chlamydophila abortus
Coxiella burnetti
doxycyclin
i.v.,i.m.
i.v.,i.m.
tetracyclines
i.v.,i.m.
THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
pyometra
Arcanobacterium pyogenes, cephalosporines 1.-3.g.
Fusobacterium necroforum, co-amoxicillin
i.ut.
Bacteroides spp.
i.ut.
MAMMARY GLAND - MASTITIS
Staphylococcus aureus
dicloxacillin
oxaciclin
cloxacillin
i.mam.
i.mam.
i.mam.
Streptococcus spp.
penicillines
i.mam
S. agalactiae, S.equi spp. zooepidemicus, S. dysgalactiae
S. uberis
E. coli potenc.sulfonamides
i.v.,i.m.
colistin
i.mam.
Klebsiella spp.
potenc.sulfonamides
i.v.
Enterobacter spp.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Arcanobacterium pyogenes benzylpenicillin
i.v.,i.m.,i.mam.
Infection of CNS
 Maedi-Visna
 CAEV
 IBR
 BVDV
 BSE
 Scrapie
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
encephalitis
Listeria monocytogenes
amoxicillin
i.m.,s.c.
meningoencephalitis
Histphilus somnus
Clostridium tetani
benzylpenicilin i.m.,i.v.
toxoid.. vac,
THE EYE
Kerato -conjunctivitis,
Moraxella bovis
gentamicin topic. inact. vac. i.m.
oxytetracyclin
i.m.
Skin Infections
 Bovine
Papillomavirus
 Bovine poxvirus
 Ovine poxvirus
 Herpesvirus - mamilitis
THE SKIN
interdigital necrobacilosis
(foot rot)
Fusobacterium necroforum oxytetracyclin i.m.,i.v.
Bacterioides melaninogenium
doxycyclin i.m.,i.v.
dermatitis interdigitalis
Dichelobacter nodosus
s.c.
tetracyclines topic.
dermatitis digitalis
Serpens spp.
tetracyclines
papilomatous digital dermatitis (hairy footwart)
Treponema brennaborense
penicillines
inact. vac.
topic