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Biology Chapter 17 Classification • taxonomy - study of classification • Aristotle - given first credit for biological classification • Carlus Linnaeus (Carl von Linne) - developed our present system of classification Why Classify? Dolphin Why Classify? • • • • • cougar mountain lion puma painter catamount Present System of Classification •uses language of latin` •system uses binomial (two-name) nomenclature •creatures are known by their genus and species name •based on structure, DNA, evolutionary descent •ex: human •gorilla •antlion •harvester ant Homo sapien Gorilla gorilla Myrmeleontidae immaculatus Pogonomyrmex occidentalis •genus name and species name underlined (or italicized) •genus name capitalized, species name lower case FYI Forest Stewardship Council Marine Stewardship Council Purple Martin Arrival Levels of Classification human Domain Kingdom Phylum (Division) Class Order Family Genus Species Eukarya Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primate Hominidea Homo sapien tree frog Eukarya Animalia Chordata Amphibia Salientia Ranidea Rana pipiens Domain: Archaea KINGDOM: Archaebacteria •many live in extreme environments (ex: no O2) •cell walls WITHOUT peptidoglycan •autotroph or heterotroph •unicellular •prokaryote (no organelles) •microscopic •ex: extremophiles Domain: Bacteria KINGDOM: Eubacteria •cell walls WITH peptidoglycan •autotroph or heterotroph •unicellular •prokaryote (no organelles) •microscopic •ex: blue-greens, bacteria DOMAIN: Eukarya KINGDOMS: •Animalia •heterotroph (cannot make their own food) •ingest food •multicellular •motile (move) •ex: insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals •Plantae •autotroph (contain chlorophyll) •multicellular •nonmotile (most) •ex: any green plant Kingdom: Animalia Kingdom: Plantae DOMAIN: Eukarya (continued) KINGDOMS: •Fungi •heterotroph (absorb food) •single cell or multicellular •ex: mushroom •Protist - autotroph or heterotroph •single cell •eukaryote (organelles present) •ex: paramecia, euglena, amoeba Protist Kingdom Fungi Kingdom b Fish Dichotomous Key 2. Largemouth bass 3. Rainbow trout 4. Smallmouth bass 5. Brook trout 6. Walleye 7. Brown trout 9. Northern pike 11. Striped bass 13. Channel catfish 15. Carp 16. Yellow perch Micropterus salmoides Salmo gairdneri Micropterus dolomieui Salvelinus fontinalis Sizostedion vitreum vitreum Salmo trutta Esox lucius Morone saxatilis Ictalurus punctatus Cyprinus carpio Perca falvescens Jordan Gross Macy Diehl March 2008 Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature • • • • • • • • • • • • Abra cadabra Agra vation Ba humbugi Carmenelectra shechiseme Chrysops balzaphire Cyclocephala nodanotherwon Eurygenius (genus name) Gelae baen Gelae donut Gelae rol Hebejeebie (genus name) Ittibittium • • • • • • • • • Heerz lukenatcha Heerz tooya Hunkydora (genus name) Kamera lens La cucaracha Pieza kake Pieza pi Pieza rhea Ytu brutus Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature • • • • • • • • • • • • Aphanus rolandri Anisonchus cophater Aploparaksis turdi Batrachuperus longdongensis Botryotinia fuckeliana Bugeranus (genus name) Dorcus titanus Doryctes fartus Enema pan Erebobates inyoanus Fartulum Fukuiraptor • • • • • • Inyoaster (genus name) Narcissus assoanus Pison eu Soranus (genus name) Texananus (genus name) Turdus (genus name) L to J Biology 10 9 8 Correct 7 Expected Correct 2nd Period Ave 3rd Period Ave 4th Period Ave 5th Period Ave 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Week 7 8 9 10 carabid Abra cadabra carabid Agra vation endodontoid snail Ba humbugi fossil mythicmyiid: Carmenelectra shechisme
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