Download climate - Washington Jr. High School

2nd Theme of Geography: Place
PLACE = What you find at a particular location.
BOTH
Physical Characteristics
&
Human Characteristics
CLIMATE
Factors of CLIMATE
READ EACH SLIDE OUT LOUD. PAY
ATTENTION, THINK AND WORK
TOGETHER WITH YOUR PARTNER TO
BE SURE YOU BOTH UNDERSTAND.
THERE WILL BE A QUIZ ON THIS
CLIMATE INFORMATION.
What is WEATHER?
The current state of the atmosphere: wind,
rain, snow, sunshine, heat, dryness...
What is CLIMATE?
Average weather of a place over time.
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the your
notes defining WEATHER and
CLIMATE.
Notice how the temperatures vary across the World.
Talk to your partner: How does latitude affect
climate? Is there anything unusual that you see in
the patterns on this map?
Latitude
The further you travel away from
the equator the cooler it gets.
WHY is this?
Latitude
The further you travel away from
the equator the cooler it gets.
WHY is this?
EXPLAIN THIS TO YOUR
PARTNER USING THE PICTURE
PROVIDED HERE.
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for LATITUDE.
What does this chart show
you about climate? Explain to
your partner. Why do you
think this happens?
Elevation
Air becomes
thinner as you go
higher up in
altitude/elevation.
Thinner air is less
able to absorb or
retain heat from
the earth.
Now, explain this to your
partner in your own words.
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for ELEVATION.
Why is it cooler on the coast but hotter in land in summer
and warmer on the coast but cooler in land in winter?
SUMMER EXAMPLE
2012 Snow Day
Was this snow day worth it in Manitowoc?
How about Kellnersville?
Manitowoc
WINTER EXAMPLE
Kellnersville
Why was there less snow in Manitowoc?
Why did it rain in Manitowoc but snow in Kellnersville?
Nearness to Large Body of Water
City A & B are both at
the same latitude.
Which city is located near a large body of water?
How do you know?
Small water boils
quickly and cools
down quickly.
LARGE water takes longer to heat up and
also longer to cool down.
LAND heats up faster and cools down faster
compared to WATER. WATER takes
longer...LARGE water takes even longer…
So...
SUMMER by Lake
Michigan will be
cooler than inland
because the lake will
retain coolness from
winter months--land
heats up faster.
WINTER by Lake
Michigan will be
warmer than inland
because the lake will
retain heat from the
summer months--land
heats up faster.
Now, explain to your partner
WHY this happens.
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for LARGE BODIES OF
WATER.
Ocean Currents
Ocean Currents
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate
Air blows over either warm or cold ocean currents.
Moist air enters land either heating or cooling the land.
Some places seem like they should be warmer based on latitude, but cool ocean
currents can make them cooler than they one would expect (and vise versa).
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for OCEAN CURRENTS.
Prevailing Winds
There are certain set patterns of winds called
prevailing winds, which means the direction
winds travel most of the time.
Prevailing Winds
Wind affects the climate
depending on where it has
travelled over :
OCEAN (maritime) or
LAND (continental)
Temperatures depend on
where wind is coming from
before it reaches an area:
* Higher Latitudes (cooler air)
* Lower Latitudes (warmer air)
* Over Land First (drier air)
* Over Water First (wetter air)
Now, explain this to
your partner.
Wind affects the climate
depending on where it has
travelled over first :
OCEAN (maritime) or
LAND (continental)
Temperatures depend on where wind is coming from before
it reaches an area. EXPLAIN WHAT TYPE OF AIR (warm or
cool) WOULD BE PRESENT IN EACH CONDITION BELOW:
• Higher Latitudes
• Lower Latitudes
• Over Land First
• Over Water First
How might this principle affect the weather in California
compared to Iowa?
Prevailing Winds
& LANDFORMS:
How do Wind & Elevation
a news report
affect Climate? First…imagine
on tv showing a map of a snow
storm coming our way...
THINK
Where on the U.S. map would
we look to see just how bad
this storm is going to be?
Which states weather would
we watch to see what is
coming our way?
Would we look to the EAST or
the WEST?
Prevailing Winds
Our prevailing winds come
primarily from the WEST. This
means our weather generally
comes from the west.
How do Wind & Elevation affect climate?
Explain
to your
partner
what you
think this
picture is
showing
you
about
climate.
Prevailing Winds
Prevailing winds bring warm
moist air on land.
Mountains block heavy
moisture (too heavy to lift over
mountains). Rain and/or
snow are dropped on
WINDward side of mountain.
...leaving hot dry air to slide
down the mountain on the
LEEward side.
STOP: retell this story to each
other so you are sure you
understand how this works!
Here’s what this looks like in real-life! ROCKY MOUNTAINS
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for PREVAILING WINDS &
LANDFORMS.
HUMAN CHOICES Affect Climate
How HUMAN CHOICES Affect Climate
Pollution/ Greenhouse Gases trap heat from the sun,
making the earth warmer than it normally should be.
Talk to your partner about how this works and
why this is a growing problem for our earth.
Correct or add anything that
needs to be revised on the both
sides of your factors of climate
notes for HUMAN CHOICES.
Summary
● The Climate is the average weather over many
years.
● Many areas around the world have similar
climates
● Climates are affected by many factors
including: latitude, elevation, distance from
large bodies of water, ocean currents,
prevailing winds, landforms and human
choices.
REVIEW
DISCUSS WITH YOUR PARTNER and BE ABLE
TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS in a specific
manner, using examples and details:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What factor of climate makes it very cold in the Arctic?
Why is it colder there?
Why are high mountains covered in snow and ice? (In
other words, why is it colder as we go higher in
elevation?)
Why are inland areas hotter than coastal areas in the
summer?
Why is much of Europe warmer than much of
Northeast United States?
Why is much of the Western United States desert or
semi desert land? What factor or factors cause this?
How do humans affect climate? Give one example.
THE END