Download doc lab final vocab

Lab 1: Microscope
 Microscope
o Micrometer: 10-6 m
o Compound microscope
 Eyepieces
 Binocular head
 Dioptry adjustment collar
 Mechanical stage
 Stage movement knobs
 Body tube
 Objective
 Scanning objective (3.2x)
 Oil immersion (100x)
 Magnification
 Coarse and fine focus knobs
 Revolving nosepiece
 Condenser
 Front lens and lever
 Main lens
 Condenser diaphragm
 Centering screws
 Focus knob
 Illuminator
 Base
o Wet mount
o Optical section
o Unicellular vs multicellular
o Organel->cell->tissue->organ->organism
o Cell
 Chloroplast
 Nucleus
 Nucleolus
 Cytoplasm
 Cytoplasmic streaming
o Hystological section
 Cross section
 Longitudinal section
o Selective staining
 Controls
o Positive control
 False negatives
 Sufficient
o Negative control
 False positives
 Sufficient and necessary
Lab 2: Bacteria
 Pathogen
 Medium
 Pure culture
 Binomial nomenclature
o Genus
o Species
 Colony characterization
o Shape
o Convex
o Size
o Color
o Texture
 Cell characterization
o Selective staining
o Shape
 Cocci
 Baccilius
 Spirals
 Growth
o Inoculum
o Doubling time= generation time
o Phases
 Lag
 Exponential
Lab 3: Cellular physiology and membrane transport
 Differential permeability
o Betacyanin in beets and alcohol
o Ports
 Size
 Polarity
o Solubility

 Transport mechanism
o Passive
 Types
 Brownian movement
 carmine
 Diffusion
 Influences
 Temperature
 Osmosis
 Hypotonic
 Hypertonic
 Isotonic
 Osmometer
o Active
 Influences
 Metabolism
o Energy available
o Temperature
Lab 4
 Macromolecule characterization
o Molecules
 Monosacharids- monomers
 Glucose
o Aldehyde group
 Fructose
o Ketone
 Disaccharides-polymers
 Sucrose
o Glucose-fructose
 Maltose
o Glucose-glucose
 Lactose
o Galactose-glucose
 Polysaccharids-polymers
 Starch
o Glucose
o Alpha bonds
 Cellulose
o Glucose
o Beta bonds
o Tests
 Benedict’s
 Positive: brick red
 Negative: green
 Iodine
 Metabolism
 Enzymes
o Examples
 Amylase
 Indicator: Iodine (color loss with reaction)
 Substrate: starch
 Product: glucose
 Succinate dehydrogenase
 Citric acid cycle
 Indicator: DCIP (color loss from blue with reaction,
requires absence of oxygen)
 Substrate: Succinate


Product: Fumerate
Competitive inhibitor: malonate
Substrate
Active site
Specificity
Catalysis
Inhibitor
 Competitive inhibitor
 Spectrophotometry
o Transmittance
o Absorbance
Lab 5: Respiration
 Influence
o Temperature
o Requirements for enzyme activity
 ATP
o Phosphate bond
 Aerobic respiration
o Green pea
o Sugar+oxygen=carbon dioxide+water+energy
o Respirometer
o Thermobarometer
o RQ: respiratory quotient
 Varies with substrate
 Anaerobic respiration
o Yeast (requires magnesium)
o Fermentation
o Enzyme specificity (hexose-glucose for yeast)
Lab 6: Photosynthesis
 Pigments
o Chlorophylls
 A
 B
o Accessory pigments
 Carotenoids
 Xanthophylls
o Chromatography
 Paper chromatography
o Fluorescence
 Carbon dioxide+water+light=sugar+water+oxygen
o Sugar can transported
o Sugar can be converted to starch (which cannot be transported)
 Influences
o Light color
o Temperature
o
o
o
o
o
Lab 7: Bacteriophage and radiation
 Bacteriophage
o Plaques
o E. coli and T4
o Burst size
o Free parental phage
o Progeny phage
 Radiation
o UV
o Serratia marcescens
o Inactivation curve
 Flies
o Females
 Pointed abdomen
o Males
 Rounded abdomen
 Sex combs
o Wild type
 Brick red eyes
 Gray body
 Wings extending significantly beyond posterior end of
abdomen
Lab 8
 Cell cycle
o Interphase
 Growth phase
 Synthesis phase
 Sister chromatid production
 Second growth phase
 Tubulin synthesis
o Mitosis
 In plants
 Prophase
o Centromere
o Kinetochore
o Spindle apparatus
 Methaphase
o Equator
 Anaphase
 Telophase
 Cytokinesis
o Phragmoplast
o Cell plate
o Middle lamella
 In animals



Centrioles during interphase
o Spindle fibrils
o Astral fibrils
Cytokinesis by cleavage furrow
o No cell plate
o Meiosis
 Chromosome number is reduced by half
 Doubline happens at gametic fusion/fertilization
 Homologous chromosome pairing
 Meiosis
 Reduction division
o Prophase I
 synapsis
 tetrad
 sister chromatids
 chiasmata
 crossover/recombination
o Metaphase I
 Undivided centromeres
 Independent chromosome arrangement
o Anaphase I
 Seperation of tetrads
 Reduction
o Telophase I
 Haploid (half ploidy)
 Interkinesis
 Equational division
o Prophase II
o Metaphase II
o Anaphase II
 Division of centromeres holding sister
chromatids
o Telophase II
Genetic nomenclature
o Allelic pair: genes/alleles
o Homologous pair: chromosomes
o Allosomes
o Autosomes
o Homozygous
o Heterozygous
o Hemizygous (on allosome)
o Haploid
o Phenotype
o Genotype
o Mutant
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Lab 9
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Wild-type
Dominant
Recessive
Link
Gameters
Mendelism
Monohybrid cross
Mendel’s laws of inheritance
 Segregation
 Independent assortment
 linkage
Trait
Genetic cross
F1/ first filial generation
Parental generation
Punnet square
Sex linked inheritance
Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tasters
Sex linked colorblindness
Progeny testing
Test cross
Polytene chromosomes
o Banded, puffs, centromeres/chromocentres
Lab 10
 Genetic code
o ORF
o Gene
o Methionine start codon
o Stop codon
o BLAST
o Phylogenetic tree
o Reading frame
 Recombination
o Trans
o Cis
o Map unit
o Locus
o Parental type
o Recombinant
o Double recombinant
 Interference
Lab 11
 Plasmid
 Southern blot

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Agarose gell
Loading buffer
o Bromophenol blue
o Glycerol
Ethidium bromide/cyber safe
Restriction endonuclease
Restriction map
Molecular weight ladder