Download Principles of Inheritance

Principles of Inheritance
I.
Who is responsible for our understanding of genetic principles?
II.
Where is the genetic information held in the body? That is, on what
structures can we find the genetic information?
a.
b.
c.
d.
What are the two types of chromosomes?
How many chromosomes are there?
How are the chromosomes arranged?
What is a karyotype?
III.
Mendel’s Experiment
a. What did Mendel do?
b. What is a monohybrid cross?
c. What is meant by purebreeders?
d. What were Mendel’s results?
e. What are the P generation, and F1 and F2 generations?
IV.
What do we understand about genetics based on Mendel’s work?
Define each:
a. Gene/Allele
b. Locus
c. Dominant
d. Recessive
e. Homozygote
f. Heterozygote
V.
What are genotype and phenotype? What is Mendel’s 1st principle
of genetics?
VI.
Genotypic Frequencies and Phenotypic Ratios
a. How are genotypic frequencies and phenotypic ratios computed?
VII.
Punnett Squares
a. How do Punnett Squares assist in dealing with genetic crosses?
VIII. How can one determine if the individual exhibiting the dominant
trait is a homozygous dominant individual or a heterozygote?
a. Test Cross
IX.
Dihybrid Crosses
a. What is Mendel’s 2nd genetic principle?
b. How are Punnett Squares arranged for dihybrid crosses?
c. How are phenotypic ratios computed for dihybrid crosses?
X.
Human Inheritance
a. How are Mendel’s principles applied to humans?
b. What are some examples of autosomal recessive and dominant
disorders?
XI.
Additional Forms of Inheritance
a. How do the following inheritance patterns operate?
b. Multiple alleles, Codominance, and bloodtype
c. Incomplete dominance
d. Sex-linked traits. What is meant by hemizygosity? Why are
females less likely to display the recessive trait than males?
XII.
Polygenic and Pleiotropic Traits
a. How is this different from Mendelian traits?
b. What is meant by continuous variation?
XIII. Pedigrees
a. How can one determine the genotypes of individuals from
analyzing a pedigree?