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Chemistry 1st semester Review 1. Which of these changes in rocks is a physical change? a. Acid rain damaging marble b. Iron in rock combining with oxygen to form hematite c. Carbonic acid weathering limestone d. An ice wedge shattering a slab of shale 2. Which of these describes a pollution-producing process that involves only a physical change? a. Coal with high sulfur content is burned, producing gases that cause acid rain. b. Chlorofluorocarbons are released, changing ozone in the upper atmosphere into oxygen. c. t wastewater is discharged into a lake, lowering oxygen levels in the water. d. Nitrogen oxide emissions combine with water vapor, producing nitric acid. 3. Which of the following involves a chemical change? a. Snow melting into water. b. An apple rotting on a tree. c. Beating egg whites until they thicken. d. Condensation. 4. Which of the following is an example of a physical change? a. Toasting bread b. Boiling water c. Cooking a hamburger d. Digesting a banana 5. Which of the following groups contains members with similar chemical reactivity? a. Li, Be, C b. Be, Mg, Sr c. Sc, Y, Zr d. C, N, O 6. An unidentified element has many of the same physical and chemical properties as magnesium and strontium but has a lower atomic mass than either of these elements. What is the most likely identity of this element? a. Sodium b. Beryllium c. Calcium 9 10 d. Rubidium 7. Look at the following block of elements as they appear on the periodic table: Which two elements would have the most similar chemical properties? a. Fluorine and chlorine. b. Fluorine and neon. c. Fluorine and argon. d. Chlorine and neon. 8. Iron (III) chloride + Sodium carbonate Iron (III) carbonate + Sodium chloride Which of these is the balanced equation for the reaction described above? a. FeCl3 + Na2CO3 Fe2(CO3)3 + NaCl. b. 2 FeCl3 + 3 Na2CO3 Fe2(CO3)3 + 6 NaCl. c. 2 FeCl3 + 2 Na2CO3 + 3 Fe2(CO3)3 + 3 NaCl. d. 3 FeCl3 + 2 Na2CO3 3 Fe2(CO3)3 + 6 NaCl. 9. Which best represents the reaction between sulfuric acid & calcium hydroxide? a. H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO4 + H2O. b. H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO4 + 2 H2O. c. H2SO4 + CaOH CaSO4 + H2O. d. H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 2 CaSO4 + 3 H2O. F Fluorine Ne Neon 17 Cl Chlorine 18 Ar Argon 10. In chemistry class, Mr. Smoak adds a small piece of sodium metal to a glass of water. The sodium reacts violently with the water accompanied by a small flame. The end products are hydrogen gas and aqueous sodium hydroxide. Which of the following is the correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction described above? a. 2 Na + 2 H2O 2 NaOH + H2. b. Na + H2O + O2 3 NaOH + H2. c. H2O2 + 2 Na 2 NaOH + H2. d. 2 NaOH + H2 2 Na + 2 H2O. 11. When 127 g of copper reacts with 32 g of oxygen gas to form copper (II) oxide, no copper or oxygen is left over. How much copper (II) oxide is produced? a. 32 g b. 95 g c. 127 g d. 159 g 12. According to the law of conservation of mass, how much zinc was present in the zinc carbonate? a. 40 g b. 88 g c. 104 g d. 256 g 13. Which additional product balances this reaction? a. 4 OH b. CH4 2 C2H2 + 5 O2 c. H2O2 d. 2 H2O 4 CO2 + ___ 14.Which of the following represents a balanced chemical equation? a. 2 HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl. b. C2H2 + O2 2 CO2 + H2O. c. Na + H2O NaOH + H2. d. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2. 15.Which of the following equations is balanced? a. H2SO4 + 2 NaOH Na2SO4 + H2O. b. CH4 + Cl2 CH2Cl2 + HCl. c. H2O + MgO Mg(OH)2. d. Al(OH)3 + H3PO4 AlPO4 + 2 H2O. 16.___AlCl3 + ___Ba(OH)2 ___Al(OH)3 + ___BaCl2 When this equation is correctly balanced, the coefficient of the AlCl3 will be… a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 6 17. What is the coefficient for H2O when the equation is balanced? a. 1 b. 2 K + H2O → KOH + H2 c. 3 d. 4 18. A student needs to measure exactly 42.5 ml of an acid. Which of the following pieces of laboratory equipment would be best for her to use? a. 10 mL graduated cylinder. b. 5 mL pipette. c. 50 ml graduated cylinder. d. 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. 19. This pipette is filled with a 20% NaOH solution. The solution is at 20°C and has a density of 1.23 g/mL. According to this information, what is the mass of this NaOH solution? a. 3.88 g b. 15.7 g c. 23.9 g d. 24.6 g 20. Which of the following pieces of equipment would be most appropriate for measuring the volume of a marble? 21. Which question can not be answered by an experiment? a. Does penicillin kill salmonella bacteria? b. Is rabies caused by a virus? c. Did the impact of a comet kill the dinosaurs? d. Can radiation cause cancer? 22. Two science students discovered that the mass of a sample of acetone in an open crucible decreased within a few minutes. One student hypothesized that the acetone reacted with oxygen to form a gaseous compound that escaped. The other student believed that the acetone evaporated into the air. What should the students do to test these hypotheses? a. Combine the hypotheses so they give valid predictions of the acetone’s intensive properties b. Conduct a study of original papers describing the experiments leading to acetone’s discovery c. Perform an experiment that attempts to identify the gas above the open crucible d. Ask a classmate’s opinion about the chemical and physical properties of acetone 23. A study was conducted to test the effectiveness of hearing aids. People with different types of hearing loss were included in the study. Which question would help in determining whether the conclusion above is valid? a. What was the most common occupation of people in the study? b. What was the average age of the people in the study? c. How many people were included in the study? d. How many people in the study had vision problems? 24. Tim conducted a study of green algae in a nearby lake and noted that algae could not be found more than 1 m below the surface of the lake on cloudy or partly cloudy days. On sunny days, he noticed that algae could be found up to 3 m below the surface of the lake. What might Tim conclude concerning the depth of algae growth? a. Depth of algae growth is affected by humidity. b. Depth of algae growth is affected by wind speed. c. Depth of algae growth is affected by the pH of the lake water. d. Depth of algae growth is affected by the amount of sunlight. 25. Calcium hydroxide a. Ca(OH)2 b. CaHO2 c. CaOH2 d. Ca2(OH) 26. Ammonium sulfate a. (NH4)2SO4 b. Al2(SO4)3 c. Al(SO4)3 d. NH4SO4 27. Manganese (II) phosphide a. Mn2P3 b. Mn3P2 c. MnP d. Mg3P2 28. Barium oxide a. BaO b. B2O3 c. Ba2O2 d. B3O2 29. Dicarbon hexafluoride a. C6F2 b. C2F6 c. C33F d. 2C6F3 30. According to this information, what is the chemical formula for aluminum sulfate? a. AlSO4 b. Al2(SO4)3 c. Al3(SO4)2 d. Al6SO4 31. According to the periodic table, which element most readily accepts electrons? a. Fluorine b. Nitrogen c. Arsenic d. Aluminum 32. Look at the following block of atoms as found in the periodic table: Which element shown would be the most reactive? a. Sodium. b. Potassium. c. Magnesium. d. Calcium 33. Which of the following atoms would expect to have largest atomic radius? a. Li. b. K. 11 Na Sodium 22.9898 12 Mg Magnesium 24.305 19 K Potassium 39.0983 20 Ca Calcium 40.08 c. Na. d. Cs. 34. In which of the following pairs is the element not paired with the correct family? a. Alkali Metals – Cesium b. Alkaline Earth Metals – Barium c. Halogens – Sulfur d. Noble Gases – Krypton 35. According to the periodic table and the table, which element has this electron configuration? a. Sodium b. Neon Electron Configuration c. Magnesium Energy Level 1 2 3 d. Argon Electrons 2 8 8 36. What is the electron configuration of Mg? a. 1s22s22p63s2 b. 1s22s22p63s1 c. 1s22s22p63s23p2 d. 1s22s22p23s2 37. The element that has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p5 is a/an ? a. Alkali metal b. Alkaline earth metal c. Noble gas d. Halogen 38. Which procedure is best to use when determining the density of a rock? a. Place the rock in a water-filled beaker and find the height at which the rock floats above the water. b. Use a ruler to measure the rock’s dimensions and then convert its mass using an analytical balance. c. Find the mass of the rock on a balance & then find the volume of water it displaces in a graduated cylinder. d. Place the rock in three liquids with different known densities and observe which liquid the rock floats in. Read the following measurements using the proper number of significant figures: 39. a. 37.50 mL b. 35.0 mL c. 36.5 mL d. 36.50 mL Match the nuclear equation with the correct name of the reaction: U 40. _____ Fission a. 238 92 41._____ Beta decay b. 14 42. _____ Alpha decay c. 1 43. _____ Fusion d. 1 0 Th 24He 234 90 C 14N 0 1 e H 2H 4He 01n n U 235 92 Kr 91 36 Ba 301 n 142 56