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Unit 6 Notes Part 2: Types of Chemical Reactions and Predicting Products of Reactions
6.8 Types of Chemical Reactions
A. Synthesis (Combination): 1 product is made!
General Format: _____________________________
Ex: 2Na + Cl2  2NaCl
Special Types of synthesis reactions:
 Metal Oxide + Water  Base
Ex:
B.

Decomposition: 1 reactant breaks up!
Nonmetal Oxide + Water  Acid
Ex:
General Format: _____________________________
Ex: 2Al2O3  4Al + 3O2
C.
Single Replacement: 1 element REPLACES another in a compound
General Format: _____________________________
Ex: 6Li + Ca3N2  2Li3N + 3Ca
D. Double Replacement : 2 elements switch places
General Format: _____________________________
Ex: KBr + AgNO3  AgBr + KNO3
E.
Acid/Base (Neutralization): acid and base are reactants
General Format: _____________________________
Ex: HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
**these are special double replacement reactions**
F.
Combustion: a element or compound reacts with oxygen (O2)


General Format: _____________________________
Organic Combustion – a hydrocarbon + O2
o The products of combustion are always __________ and __________!
o Ex: 2C2H6 + 7O2  4CO2 + 6H2O
Inorganic Combustion – anything else + O2 (these are synthesis reactions and can be solved that way)
o Ex: 4Li + O2  2Li2O
Practice! Identify the type of reaction. (Balance the reactions for extra practice!)
1.
NaCl Na + Cl2 __________________________
4.
NaClO3 + BaSO4  Ba(ClO3)2 + Na2SO4 ________________
2.
KI + Ba BaI2 + K _______________________
5.
C3H8 + O2  CO2 + H2O __________________________
3.
Li + N2  Li3N ___________________________
6.
HNO3 + Fe(OH)3  H2O + Fe(NO3)3 ___________________
6.9 Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions
In order to predict the products of a reaction, you must remember what happens in each type!
Synthesis Reactions
A+BC
Decomposition
AB A + B
1.
K+P
3.
Sodium oxide reacts with water (a(n) ___________ is formed)
4.
calcium reacts with oxygen (inorganic combustion)
5.
iron (II) reacts with carbon
1.
Mg3N2 
2.
2.
SO3 + H2O  a(n) _______ is formed
H2O 
3.
Lithium chloride decomposes
4.
magnesium nitride decomposes
5.
Potassium phosphide decomposes
1.
Li + AuCl2 
3.
calcium bromide + chlorine 
4.
iron (II) phosphate + aluminum 
5.
cobalt (III) iodide + fluorine 
1.
FeCl3 + Al2O3 
3.
sodium phosphide reacts with magnesium oxide
4.
sodium acetate reacts with barium sulfide
5.
ammonium chlorate reacts with copper (II) sulfate
1.
KOH + HCl 
3.
nitric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide
4.
chloric acid reacts with lithium hydroxide
5.
iron (II) hydroxide reacts with acetic acid
1.
C4H10 + O2 
3.
octane burns in air
4.
ethanol burns in oxygen
5.
ethane reacts with oxygen
Decomposition cont.
Single Replacement
A + BC  AC + B
Double Replacement
AB + CD  AD + CB
Acid/Base
(Neutralization)
HA + MOH  MA + H2O
(“A” = any anion)
(“M” = any metal)
Organic Combustion
CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O
**these can be hard to
balance – if there is an
even number of C’s, start
by doubling the
hydrocarbon
2.
MgO + Na 
2.
Ca3(PO4)2 + LiNO3 
2.
H2SO4 + Mg(OH)2 
2.
C2H2 + O2 