Download Semester 2 Final Exam Review

Semester 2 Final Exam Review
Nervous System
Labeling
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Neuron
Lobes, fissures, sulci of the brain
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Functions of the Nervous System
Types of Neurons and Characteristics of Neurons
Glial Cells
Myelin
Action Potentials & Post-synaptic potentials (Na+/K+
pump, resting membrane potential, depolarization,
IPSPs, EPSPs, etc.)
Neurotransmitters
Drugs (Alcohol, Nicotine, Ecstasy, Heroin, Cannabis)
and their mechanisms (agonist, antagonist, reuptake
inhibitor, etc.)
Lobes of the brain
Homunculus & Phantom Limbs
Diencephalon
Cerebrospinal fluid, ventricles
Brainstem (mibrain, pons, medulla oblongata)
Cerebellum
Limbic system
Memory formation, retrieval, decay
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Type I Diabetes
Type II Diabetes
Graves Disease
Dwarfism
Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Hirsutism
Circulatory System
Labeling
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Types of leukocytes
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Erythrocytes
Hemoglobin
Erythropoietin (EPO) and blood doping
Hemostasis
Types of Leukocytes and their functions
Platelets
Plasma
Functions of blood
Characteristics of blood
Blood typing (A, B, AB, O) & Rh factor
Rounds
Rounds
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Rounds
Cerebral Palsy
Multiple Sclerosis
Parkinson’s Disease
Epilepsy
Huntington’s Disease
Meningitis
Alzheimer’s Disease
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Sickle-Cell Anemia
Leukemia
Hemophilia
Hematoma
Lymphoma
Immune System
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
Endocrine System
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Labeling
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Endocrine Glands
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Glands and their hormones (Pituitary, Thyroid,
Parathyroid, Adrenals, Pancreas)
Steroids
Stress
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Building immunity (primary vs. secondary response)
and types of immunity (active vs. passive)
Pathogens (bacteria vs. viruses)
Nonspecific Defenses
Specific Defenses
Types of Antibodies
Complement System functions
Vaccines
Allergies
Lymph system (purpose, pathway)
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Lymph nodes
Thymus, Spleen & Tonsils
Types and subtypes of lymphocytes (B & T Cells)
T cell activation
HIV
Psoriasis
Arthritis
Grave’s disease
Myasthenia gravis
Multiple sclerosis
Type I diabetes
HIV/AIDS
Digestive System
Labeling
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Organs of the digestive system
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Chemical vs. Mechanical Digestion
Stomach regions and structures (rugae, pyloric
sphincter)
Gastric pits & their secretions (mucus)
Gastric glands & their secretions (HCl, pepsinogen,
gastrin)
Activation of pepsin
Small intestine regions (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
and structures of the small intestine (circular folds,
villi, microvilli, intestinal crypts)
Chemical breakdown of protein, starch, sugar, lipids
and the enzymes responsible
Large intestine regions
Absorption of water in the large intestines (include
the role of ions, diffusion, and osmosis)
Diarrhea and Constipation
Mouth (mastication), liver, gallbladder, pancreas and
their secretions
Rounds
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Gastroesophageal reflux
Peptic Ulcer
Hepatitis
Hemorrhoids
Gallstones
Urinary System
Labeling
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Rounds
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Organs of the urinary system
Nephron
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Functions of urinary organs
Nephron
Urine Formation (Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion)
Countercurrent mechanism
Hormones (Aldosterone, Atrial Natriuretic Peptide,
Antidiuretic Hormone)
Steps of micturition
Urinalysis
Dialysis
Rounds
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Kidney Stones
Urinary Tract Infections
Renal Failure
Nephritis
Reproductive System
Labeling
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Male & Female Reproductive Organs
Multiple Choice/Short Answer
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Structures of the male and reproductive systems
(comparison)
Ova production
Layers of uterus
Contraceptives
**Menstrual Cycle & Ovarian Cycle
**Rounds
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**Female infertility
**Ovarian cysts
**Breast cancer
**Human papillomavirus
Test format: Previous test questions and some new questions, Multiple Choice and Short Answer questions
Labeling (word bank available but will receive 6 point reduction), Rounds
A review notecard may be used (no deduction), front and back
**Extra credit questions