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Chapter 5 Evolution and Biodiversity 1.Evidence for the evolution of life comes from: 2.What is the current hypothesis biologists’ have about the production of the earth's atmospheric oxygen? 3.The gas that is least likely to have formed Earth's primitive atmosphere is ___________ 4.Which source of energy probably contributed least to the synthesis of biological chemicals on primitive Earth? 5. Explain(s) the origin of organic molecules on Earth. 6.Sequence the most likely order of the biological evolution of life. 7. What is the most likely explanation of the oxygen revolution? 8. What is the distance of the earth from the sun? 9. Why is the earth “just right”? 10. Why is the fossil record incomplete? 11. A change in the genetic composition of a population over successive generations is called ____________. 12. The term that describes small genetic changes that a population within a species experiences is _____________. 13. The term used to describe the long-term, large-scale evolutionary changes among groups of species is __________. 15. A gene pool is the _____________________________________________________________________________. 16. Mutations can be caused by _____________________________________________________________________. Read about the peppered moth on the website before answering 17-18 17.The change from a light to a dark color in the peppered moth was the result of: 17. The change in coloration within the population of peppered moths is an example of __________________________. 18. What are mutations? 19. What limits adaptation? 20. Explain the following in your own words: coevolution, microevolution, macroevolution, convergent evolution, divergent evolution 21. Explain the following in your own words: niche, habitat, fundamental niche, realized niche 22. Explain the following in your own words: speciation, allopatric speciation, sympatric speciation 23. What are the common misconceptions about evolution? 24. Biologists estimate that over ____ of the species that have ever lived are now extinct. 25. What is the difference between background extinction, mass extinction 26. What is adaptive radiation? How many years does it take for adaptive radiations to rebuild biological diversity after a mass extinction, and mass depletion?