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國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 1 頁，共 6 頁
一、 選擇題（60 分，每題 2.5 分，共計 24 題）
1. If transportation costs are relatively low, the price of an internationally traded commodity must be the
same in all locations. This is a statement of
a. the law of one price
b.
c.
d.
e.
purchasing power parity
the principle of constant price
comparative advantage
none of the above
2. That we can enjoy more goods and services when each country specializes in the production of what it
does best is the principle of
a. diminishing returns
b. comparative advantage
c. aggregate demand
d. increasing opportunity cost
e. specialization
3. Which of the following will NOT shift the aggregate demand curve?
a. an increase in net exports
b. an increase in taxes
c. an increase in aggregate supply
d. an increase in autonomous consumption
e. a change in the Fed's monetary policy
4. When the real interest rate rises, which of the following is true?
a. Consumption and planned investment spending rise
b. Consumption spending rises while planned investment spending falls
c. Consumption spending falls while planned investment spending rises
d. Consumption and planned investment spending fall
e. None of the above
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國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 2 頁，共 6 頁
5. A firm's actual investment will exceed its planned investment when
a. it sells less than it planned
b. interest rates fall
c. interest rates rise
d. it sells more than it planned
e. the economy experiences an unexpected expansion
6. The natural rate of unemployment is the level of unemployment where
a. cyclical unemployment equals 0
b. all unemployment is structural
c. cyclical unemployment equals frictional unemployment
d. unemployment is 0
e. there is an expansionary gap
7. Middle-class families that were once content with medium-priced cars, but now feel the need to drive
expensive cars to keep up with community standards, illustrate which of the following effects?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
demonstration effect
wealth effect
consumption effect
self-control effect
none of the above
8. If, holding the amount of capital and other inputs constant, additional labor adds less and less
additional output, a firm is experiencing
a. diminishing returns to labor
b. economies of scale
c. the principle of decreasing opportunity cost
d. diminishing returns to capital
e. diseconomies of scale
9. Economists focus on which of the following measures as an indication of a country's living standard?
a. The unemployment rate
b. GDP per person
c. Inflation
d. GDP
e. All of the above
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國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 3 頁，共 6 頁
10. When inflation increases, which of the following will decrease?
a. The nominal interest rate
b. The real interest rate
c. The nominal rate of return
d. The nominal wage rate
e. All of the above
11. Cost-plus regulation
a. does not allow the firm to cover the opportunity costs of resources
b. allows firms to charge amounts equal to their explicit costs plus a mark-up
c. creates incentives to decrease costs
d. needs no costly administrative proceedings
e. all of the above
12. Which of the following is most likely to be efficiently regulated using exclusive contracting?
a. telephone service
b. garbage collecting
c. natural gas production
d. electricity generation
e. the computer industry
13. That insurance is purchased disproportionately by those who are most costly to insure is an
example of
a. risk aversion
b. statistical discrimination
c. adverse selection
d. conspicuous consumption
e. none of the above
14. A positional externality occurs when
a. there are arms control agreements
b. transactions costs do not equal zero
c. rewards depend on relative performance
d. returns depend on your starting position
e. none of the above
-3-
國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 4 頁，共 6 頁
15. Cartel agreements often fail because of
a. increased profits
b. increased costs
c. incentives to cheat
d. the lack of a dominant strategy
e. none of the above
16. The rationing function of prices is to
a. make markets more equitable
b. direct resources towards markets that are under-served
c. distribute scarce goods to those who value them most highly
d. direct resources away from "over crowded" markets
e. keep consumers from buying too much
17. A price ceiling
a. prevents sellers from charging less than a certain amount
b. leads to efficiency in the market
c. must be above equilibrium price to have an effect on the market
d. results in a loss in total economic surplus
e. none of the above
18. A firm will shut down when
a. price is less than average cost
b. price does not equal marginal cost
c. it is not earning a profit
d. revenue is less than variable costs
e. revenue is less than total costs
19. Which of the following explains why automobile engines are smaller in England than in the United
States?
a. Income is higher in the United States
b. Income is higher in England
c. The price of gasoline is higher in the United States
d. The price of gasoline is higher in England
e. None of the above
-4-
國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 5 頁，共 6 頁
20. If a country experiences increasing opportunity costs, its production possibilities curve will
a. shift out from the origin
b. shift in toward the origin
c. bow inward
d. bow outward
e. be a straight line
21. If a job pays a higher wage because it requires the worker to work in unpleasant working
conditions, the worker is receiving
a. a compensating wage differential
b. workers compensation
c. a wage premium
d. a fringe benefit
e. none of the above
22. Bond prices and interest rates are
a. not related
b. inversely related
c. positively related
d. directly related
e. infinitely related
23. Which of the following is not one of the components added together to measure GDP using the
expenditures approach?
a. government purchases
b. consumption
c. capital
d. investment
e. net exports
24. Utilitarianism is a moral theory in which the right course of action is the one that results in
a. the greatest marginal utility
b. a veil of ignorance
c. risk aversion
d. the highest possible total utility
e. an equal distribution of income
-5-
國立彰化師範大學九十三學年度碩士班招生考試試題
系所：人力資源管理研究所
科目：經濟學
☆☆請在答案紙上作答☆☆
第 6 頁，共 6 頁
二、簡答題（40 分）
1. Indicate how you think each of the following would affect demand in the indicated market: (12 分)
a. An increase in family income on the demand for Adirondack vacations
b. A study linking beef consumption to heart disease on the demand for hamburgers
c. A relaxation of immigration laws on the demand for elementary school places
d. An increase in the price of CDs on the demand for CDs
2. 何謂「兩兆雙星產業」? （12 分）
3. 發展知識經濟可能導致的問題有哪些? （16 分）
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