Download DNAobjectivesDF 13

Unit Six: Genetics
Part One: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis (Ch. 12)
Part Two: Mendelian Genetics (Ch. 11)
Part Three: Biotechnology (Ch. 13 & 14)
Part One: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
Chapter 12 (pages 286 – 308)
Objectives:
1. Describe and model the structure of DNA.
2. Compare and contrast the structure and function of DNA and RNA
3. Explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes….and their
roles in inheritance.
4. Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of
genetic information.
5. Explain the steps of the process of transcription
6. Model the steps of the process of translation (protein synthesis)
7. Describe processes that can alter the composition…of chromosomes (duplication, translocation,
deletion, insertion, and inversion.)
8. Describe how genetic mutations alter the DNA sequence and may or may not affect phenotype.
Assessments:
See the Assessment sheet on the back of this packet!
Vocabulary:
Transformation
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Nucleotide
Base paring
Chromosomes
Chromatin
Histone
DNA replication
Semiconservative replication
DNA polymerase
Gene
RNA polymerase
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Transcription
Codon
Translation (Protein synthesis)
Ribosome
Anticodon
Mutation
Frame shift mutation
Point mutation
DF 1
DNA Structure and Function
Stands for:
Function:
Structure:
Individual units are called:
Three parts:
1)
2)
3)
-
-
-
-
Scientific Discoveries:
Frederick Griffith (1928)
Transformation
Erwin Chargaff (1952)
Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins (1952)
James Watson and Francis Crick (1953)
The “Double Helix” structure of DNA
Semiconservative replication
How is DNA different in different organisms?
DF 2
DNA Replication
What?
Why?
When?
Where?
Who? (The enzymes involved…)
- DNA Polymerase
- DNA Helicase
How? 1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
The result?
Mistakes =
Error Rate:
How is replication different in different organisms?
DF 3
RNA Structure and Function
Stands for:
Function:
Structure:
Individual units are called:
Three parts:
1)
2)
3)
-
-
-
-
Three Types of RNA:
1)
2)
3)
Differences:
RNA
DNA
What RNA looks like:
DF 4
Transcription
What?
Why?
When?
Where?
Who? (the enzyme involved)
RNA Polymerase
How? 1)
2)
3)
4)
How Much DNA is Transcribed?
Example problems:
DNA= ATCTAGCA
DNA=
DNA= ATCCGGAA
RNA=
DNA= AATTGGCC
RNA=
RNA= ACGUAAUC
DNA=
How is transcription different in different organisms?
DF 5
Translation
What?
Why?
When?
Where?
Who? (the molecules involved)
-
-
-
-
How? 1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
There are THREE letters per codon = ________ possible combinations
There are 20 amino acids. So:
DNA
=
RNA
=
CCCAAATTTGGG
AUGCAUUUGUAA
Amino Acids =
How is transcription different in different organisms?
DF 6
Unit Six: Genetics
Part One: DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis
Name: ___________________________________
Mr. DePhillips
DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis Assessments
Vocabulary
Everyone must take the Root Word Pre-Quiz
10 pts
________ pts
Activities
Complete the “DNA Isolation” Lab
10 pts
________ pts
Complete “How Does DNA Fit…?” Lab
20 pts
________ pts
Complete the “Mutations” question sheet
20 pts
________ pts
Peer-Assessment
Complete the “DNA Scavenger Hunt”
20 pts
________ pts
Self-Assessment
Protein Synthesis Project
50 pts
________ pts
Bonus: Create a Code ATB Activity
Bonus: “The Real Jurassic Park” Video (after school)
Journal/At the Bell assignments (~15 days)
up to +10 pts
up to +30 pts
~45 pts
(subject to change)
Review
Problem Review Worksheet
Other reviews will be assigned as needed…and as time permits.
Test
Everyone must take a Keystone-based Exam
________ pts
DF 7