Download Ecosystems

(11) Organisms and environments. The student knows that interdependence occurs among living systems and
the environment and that human activities can affect these systems. The student is expected to:
(A) describe producer/consumer, predator/prey, and parasite/host relationships as they occur in food webs
within marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems;
(B) investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and
abiotic factors such as quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition;
(C) explore how short- and long-term environmental changes affect organisms and traits in subsequent
populations; and
(D) recognize human dependence on ocean systems and explain how human activities such as runoff,
artificial reefs, or use of resources have modified these systems.
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
Describe a predator prey relationship.
Describe a parasite-host relationship.
Answer: Predators are omnivores or carnivores that
consume prey.
Answer: The parasite absorbs nutrients and energy from
its host, harming the host.
Ecosystems
Describe a producer-consumer
relationship
Answer: Producers make their own food using energy from
the sun while consumers need to eat to obtain energy.
Ecosystems
A plant that absorbs nutrients and
water from another plant is an example
of a
relationship.
Answer: Parasite-host
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
On a food web, the arrows are putting
in the direction of….
Three predators in a marine food web
are….
Answer: The flow of energy.
Answer: Answers may vary, examples are: shark, killer
whale, sea otter, herring
Ecosystems
Describe mutualism and give an
example from a terrestrial
environment…
Answer: A symbiotic relationship between two species
where both species benefit. Example: bee and flower
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
Describe commensalism and give an
example in a freshwater environment...
Answer: A symbiotic relationship between two species
where one species benefits and the other is not helped or
harmed. Example: Clownfish and anemone
Ecosystems
List 5 abiotic factors.
List 3 biotic factors
Answer: Light, soil, temperature, water, gases in
atmosphere, space
Answer: Diseases, parasites, food (prey and producers),
consumers
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
Are decomposers, a bacteria that
breaks down dead organisms, biotic or
abiotic?
If an organism on a food web, has two
arrows pointing away from it, what
does that mean?
Answer: Biotic
Answer: It is consumed by more than one organism.
Ecosystems
Which abiotic factor do trees compete
for the most?
Ecosystems
If the food source of a fish starts to die
off due to pollution, what will happen to
the fish?
Answer: Light
Answer: Population will decrease.
Ecosystems
How would the use of pesticides affect
a food web that includes insects that
are also prey?
Answer: As the insects are killed, the consumer that eats
them will also be killed.
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
Many plants can only live in certain
temperatures. When runoff causes
near by water to get warmer, what
happens to these plants?
Answer: They die off, affecting the entire food web.
Ecosystems
How do artificial reefs affect the
ecosystem?
Name 3 ways humans depend on
ocean systems
Answer: Provide a habitat for organisms
Answer: Transportation, food, oil, gas, and other natural
resources