Download Cell Structure Review Topics

HONORS BIO
CH. 4
A TOUR OF THE CELL
REVIEW TOPICS
These are topics and vocabulary term included in this chapter which may appear on the chapter test.
See chapter guide, warm-ups, quick reviews, and text chapter 4
1. Cell Theory
 Cell theory – early contributors
 Janssen, Hooke, von Leeuwenhoek, Brown
 Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow, Ramik
 Cell theory
 Cell size – Why are all cells small?
o exchange with environment, supply all parts of cell
o Surface area-to-volume ratio
 Two kinds of cells – prokaryote and eukaryote – parts they both have
2. Prokaryotic Cells
 Advantages of this cell type, prokaryotic organisms
 Cell parts in prokaryotes
o Cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm
o Nucleoid, chromosome, plasmid
o Pili, capsule, cell wall
3. Eukaryotic Cells
 Advantages of this cell type, eukaryotic organisms
 Organelles – compartments; chemistry separate from rest of cell
o fast and efficient cell processes
 Differences in plant and animal cells
 Organelles in eukaryotes
o Control: Nucleus, chromatin, nuclear envelope, nucleolus
o Endomembrane system: ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi body
o Store, clean up: lysosome, peroxisome, vacuole, vesicles, central
vacuole, contractile vacuole
o Energy: mitochondria, chloroplasts, leukoplasts, chromoplasts
o Cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments
 Movement : cytoplasmic streaming, cilia, flagella, centrioles
o Boundaries : cell wall, cell junctions-tight, gap, anchoring, plasmodesmata
 Endosymbiosis theory – Margulis, evidence to support theory