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Name ____________________________________________________________________ Period _____ Date ___________ Ancient Mesopotamia: The Rise of Sumer Notes In southern Mesopotamia, the world’s first advanced society developed ___________ o Around the year ____________. Define: Rural – Define: Urban – Sumerian civilization was divided into ____________________ Define: City-State City-states had large _______________ and _________________ Two of the most powerful city-states were ___________ and Uruk Another group of ___________ lived in Mesopotamia called _______________ The __________ set up the world’s first empire under the __________________ ____________ the Great was the first ruler to have a permanent ___________ ________ the Great established the world’s first ____________ around 2730BCE o Empire – ______________ was the most important aspect in the life of a Sumerian Define: Polytheism – o The gods could ____________ or ____________ the people. ____________ had a lot of power in Sumeria Define: Social Hierarchy Men held all the ____________ power and made __________ Women took care of the ________ and ____________ Fill out the pyramid below showing the Social Hierarchy of Sumeria: Name ____________________________________________________________________ Period _____ Date ___________ Ancient Mesopotamia: The Rise of Sumer Notes* In southern Mesopotamia, the world’s first advanced society developed ___________ o Around the year ____________. __________________ - Countryside __________________ - City Sumerian civilization was divided into ____________________ __________________ - A city and all the land around it (similar to a small country) City-states had large _______________ and walls Two of the most powerful city-states were ___________ and Uruk Another group of people lived in Mesopotamia called ________________ The Akkadians set up the world’s first empire under the __________________ Sargon the Great was the first ruler to have a permanent _____________ Sargon the Great established the world’s first _____________ around 2730BCE o __________________ – Land with different territories and people under a single ruler ______________ was the most important aspects in the life of a Sumerian _________________ - Worship of many gods o The gods could punish or ____________ the people. ____________ had a lot of power in Sumeria _______________________ - Division of society by rank or class (Class system) Men held all the ____________ power and made laws Women took care of the ________ and children Fill out the pyramid below showing the Social Hierarchy of Sumeria: Craftspeople, Merchants, and Craftspeople, Traders Merchants, and Traders Slaves Name ____________________________________________________________________ Period _____ Date ___________ Ancient Mesopotamia: The Rise of Sumer Notes** In Southern Mesopotamia, the world’s first advanced society developed Sumer o Around the year 3200BCE They mainly lived in rural areas o Rural - Countryside Centers of Sumerian life were urban areas o Urban - City Sumerian civilization was divided into city-states o City-State - A city and all the land around it (similar to a small country) City-states often fought each other o Looking for more land and resources o City-states had large armies and walls Two of the most powerful city-states in Sumeria were Ur and Uruk o One king of Uruk was named Gilgamesh Another group of people lived in Mesopotamia called Akkadians o Different than Sumerians o Although they had a similar culture The Akkadians set up the world’s first empire under the Sargon the Great Sargon the Great was the first ruler to have a permanent army o His soldiers were more well-trained than others Sargon the Great established the world’s first empire around 2730BCE o Empire – Land with different territories and people under a single ruler Sargon ruled for more than 50 years! o His empire lasted for around 125 years after his death Many later Mesopotamian kings were inspired by Sargon the Great Religion was one the most important aspects in the life of a Sumerian The Sumerians practiced Polytheism o Polytheism - worship of many gods o The Gods could punish or reward the people o Every city-state had its own god/goddess Priests had a lot of power in Sumeria o They were upper class o They did all their work in temples or Ziggurats Priests were in the upper level of Sumerian social hierarchy o Social Hierarchy - division of society by rank or class (class system) Men – had all the political power and made laws o They were usually the only ones educated Women took care of the home and children o The daughter of Sargon, Enheduanna wrote hymns The first female writer in history Here is the pyramid showing the Social Hierarchy of Sumeria: Kings Priests Craftspeople, Merchants, and Traders Farmers Slaves