Download USH EOC Review Part 9 - ushmurphy

IX. Cold War
1. The Soviets used a guided missile to shoot down an American spy plane (Francis
Powers) over Soviet territory.
2. This act, sometimes known as the Interstate Highway Act, provided $25 billion to
build an interstate highway system more than 40,000 miles long. It theoretically
allowed for the evacuation of major cities in the event of a nuclear attack.
3. This unfortunate event took place on November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas. The
Warren Commission determined that Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone in
killing the President. The Vice President, Lyndon Johnson, took over as
President.
4. A failed CIA plot to overthrow Fidel Castro using Cuban exiles. Created by
Eisenhower but adopted by JFK
5. This was a set of successful attacks by the Viet Cong on towns, villages and U.S.
bases in South Vietnam. In Saigon, the Viet Cong attacked the U.S. embassy as
fighting continued for several weeks. Considered the Turning Point of the
Vietnam War.
6. Established in 1938 to investigate disloyalty in the “movie industry”. Their work
was typified by McCarthyism and the cases against supposed spies Alger Hiss and
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg.
7. Election in which Harry Truman defeated Republican Thomas Dewey. However,
it did see the splitting of the Democratic Party with the formation of the
Dixiecrats, who nominated Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina for
President, not Truman.
8. This act helped WWII veterans to get federal aid to go to college and/or gave
them low interest mortgages to aid in purchasing homes.
9. Called for the U.S. to take a leadership role in the world and declared that the U.S.
would support any nation threatened by communism. Focused on two countries in
Europe: Turkey and Greece.
10. The first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth, launched by the Soviets in 1957.
11. The formation of this agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
after the launch of Sputnik, really created the space race between the U.S. and
Soviets.
12. This election saw John Kennedy defeat Richard Nixon with the help of debates
broadcast on television AND Kennedy’s reaction to the Civil Right Movement.
The majority of viewers believed JFK won the debates.
13. British and American military aircraft made more than 200,000 flights to West
Berlin to deliver food, fuel and other necessary supplies.
14. A wall built by the Soviets in the city of Berlin, Germany to stop the flow of West
Germans fleeing to the East.
15. Mao Zedong and the communists overthrew Chiang Kai-shek and the nationalists
in 1949. After this, the U.S. would work to stop the domino theory from taking
effect.
16. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, formed by the U.S. in 1949 providing
collective security for all member nations.
17. This was a military alliance formed by the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in
response to NATO.
18. A standoff between the U.S. and Soviet Union that occurred after the U.S.
discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on the island of Cuba. The U.S. PUT missiles
in Turkey. This led to the first Limited Test Ban Treaty between the two nations.
19. The President asked for, and received from Congress, a resolution that would
allow him the authority to “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack
against the forces of the U.S. and to prevent further aggression.” This would
allow the U.S. to go after the Vietminh leader, Ho Chi Minh. This gave LBJ
“BROAD MILITARY POWERS” in Vietnam.
20. This policy, written by George Marshall, called for the nations of Europe to draw
up a program for economic recovery from the war and the U.S. would then
support the program with financial aid
21. This was a relentless bombing campaign, lasting three years, in which the U.S.
bombed North Vietnam with Agent Orange and napalm. First operation after the
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
22. War fought between North Korea (aided by the Soviets) and South Korea (aided
by the U.S.). The U.S. force was led by Douglas Macarthur, but the war ended in
a stalemate, as Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel.
23. This international aid organization was created by JFK to address poverty stricken
countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Volunteer service.
24. This international aid program was created by JFK to address poverty ONLY in
Latin America
25. Time frame of Cold War
26. This conference officially started the Cold War
27. This “introduction” by Gorbachev in the Soviet Union ENDED the Cold War
28. Two countries “directly” involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis
29. Who got involved in the Korean War to cause a turning point
30. Official foreign policy throughout the Cold War
31. Eastern European countries dominated by the Soviet Union after WWII
32. Who delivered the Iron Curtain Speech in America at the beginning of the Cold
War
33. Which Senator led “WITCH HUNTS” throughout America during the 1950s to
hunt down Communist
34. Which medical advancement was created by Dr. Jonas Salk (vaccine for…)
35. Nickname for the Korean War
36. Main issue addressed during Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society / War on….
37. This Amendment abolished of the Poll Tax
38. This legislation abolished the literacy test
39. This legislation prohibited discrimination based on race, religion and gender
40. This Great Society program focused on the “YOUTH” of America by creating
VISTA, Project Head start and Job Corps
41. Great Society programs that were created to address healthcare in America.
Provided insurance to people over 65.
42. This novel by Rachel Carson exposed the negative side effects of the use of
“pesticides” in the environment. Convinced legislation like the Water Quality Act
43. This Court provided more rights to the ACCUSED
44. This legislation got rid of “immigrant quotas” during the Great Society
45. This court case stated evidence seized illegally cannot be used to incriminate the
accused
46. This court case stated a court-ordered lawyer will be appointed to you if you
cannot afford it (right to counsel during court process)
47. This court case stated that the accused have the right to counsel “DURING”
police questioning
48. This court case stated the accused MUST be read their rights BEFORE
questioning
49. The abolition of the literacy test was directly connected to which march?
50. Government programs in the 1960s to make “special” or “conscientious” efforts
to hire or enroll cultures that have suffered from discrimination in the past!
51. Side effect of Affirmative Action
52. Eisenhower claimed this policy involves countries on the brink of communism
were like a row of dominos waiting to fall
53. The temporary division of Vietnam along this line
54. This trail provided communism to spread to South Vietnam
55. Two “chemical” weapons used during Vietnam
56. Nickname for Vietnam War
57. Group that supported Vietnam War (Wanted war)
58. Group that DID NOT support Vietnam War (Wanted Peace)
59. The “gradual” withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam (Nixon and
Kissinger’s idea)
60. Example of the “search and destroy” mission. American massacre at this city saw
the murders of MANY civilians
61. The direct result of the invasion of Cambodia
62. Kent State was caused by the invasion of this country
63. This amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18
64. 7,000 page document, By Robert McNamara, revealed that the American
government NEVER intended to withdraw troops from Vietnam
65. Made the president inform Congress within 48 hours of sending forces into hostile
areas. LIMITED “PRESIDENTIAL” POWERS (Caused by the first bombings of
Cambodia)
66. Migrant farm worker, political and civil rights activist*Organized a union for
Spanish speaking Californians = United Farm Workers Organizing Committee
(UFWOC)organized a NATIONWIDE boycott of CALIFRONIAN companies’
grapes / Nonviolence – just like Dr. MLK / La Raza Unida – separate Latino
political movement
67. This author wrote “FEMINIE MYSTIQUE” - addressed the idea of “FEMINISM”
– the belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with
men! Feminist Movement = 1960s
68. This court case in the 1960s stated women do have the right to an abortion
69. Another name for the “HIPPIES”
70. Hippie Capital of America
71. Main opponent to the Hippie Culture / Counterculture
72. Spy case in which the family was convicted of spying for the Soviet Union.
Supposedly Julius and Ethel told the Soviets how to create an atomic bomb.
73. Under Eisenhower, this increased our nuclear weaponry and took resources away
from other land divisions of the military.
74. The movement of white-middle class Americans from cities to suburbs while
taking resources and job opportunities with them.
75. JFK’s program that support international aid and advancing the space program
76. Kennedy’s plan to remove resources from nuclear weaponry and place them into
other divisions of the military like the creation of the Green Berets
77. This was a way to ease Cold War tensions between the two superpowers, a direct
phone line between the two superpowers
78. A way to ease Cold War tension, banning the testing of nuclear weapons
79. This was a 1957 meeting in Switzerland to hammer out a containment policy /
temporary divide of Vietnam
80. Liberal movement of the YOUTH during the Vietnam War
81. Conservative Movement throughout the Feminist Movement
82. This group did not voice their opinion about the Vietnam War
83. This student protest occurred due to the invasion of Cambodia during the Vietnam
War
84. Great Society Program that granted insurance opportunities for welfare recipients