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Student Goals for Animals I can explain the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate. I can describe the characteristics of: insects, spiders, fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, and place animals into these groups. I can describe the life cycle of a frog. I can explain how an animal’s structures help it to survive. I can describe the different levels in the food chain. (producer, consumer, decomposer) I can categorize animals into groups based on what they eat. (herbivore, omnivore, carnivore) I can create a food chain. Study Guide Mammals: warm-blooded have hair or fur born alive babies get milk from mothers Reptiles: cold-blooded have scales or bony plates & lungs most lay eggs on land Amphibians: cold-blooded smooth skin adults breathe through lungs & skin young breathe through gills lay eggs in water can live on land or in water Birds: warm-blooded have feathers lay eggs have 2 legs and 2 wings Fish: cold-blooded have scales (most), fins, & gills lay eggs in water Insects: have 6 jointed legs (3 pairs) 3 body parts (head, thorax, & abdomen) exoskeleton Spiders (Arachnids): four jointed pairs of legs no wings or antennae 2 body parts (abdomen & cephalothorax) exoskeleton usually have 8 simple eyes Warm-blooded animals have constant body temperatures. Cold-blooded animals have body temperatures that adjust to the temperatures of their environment. Vertebrates are animals that have backbones. Invertebrates are animals without backbones. Classification is a system of grouping things which are alike in some way. Metamorphosis: the process by which an animal changes from an immature form to an adult form A food chain is the path by which energy passes from one living thing to another. It is made up of a series of organisms that each depend on the next as a source of food. sample: plant --> caterpillar --> bird --> cat A food web is created when several food chains are linked together. Green plants are called producers because they use energy from the sun to make their own food. Consumers eat plants or other animals to get energy. Herbivores are consumers that only eat plants. Carnivores are consumers that only eat meat. Omnivores are consumers that eat both plants & animals. Decomposers return nutrients to the soil by breaking down dead plants and animals.