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Name:______________________________
Global 9RH
Global History and Geography 9RH
Review Sheet
UNIT I: Basic Social Studies Concepts & Early River Civilizations
General terms:
history
primary source
secondary source
culture
cultural diffusion
ethnocentrism
geography
economic
political
social
technology
turning point
Geography: location, climate, natural resources, physical features
Effects of geography on people and cultural development, impact on specific civilizations
Pre-historic People
 Paleolithic 2,000,000 - 10,000 years ago
Economy – hunter and gatherers, nomadic
 Neolithic Period/ Neolithic Revolution – 10,000 – 5,000 years ago
Man changed from nomadic hunter/gatherer to agriculture, permanent settlements Neolithic Rev:
approx 8000 BC
“New Stone Age”
Before: Nomads - hunting and gathering
After: Warm climate softened the ground and made farming possible
Early River Civilizations:
Definition/characteristics of civilization
For each of the following know the location/impact of geography, government, religion, and
intellectual/cultural achievements:
 Egypt: on the Nile
 Mesopotamia on the Fertile Crescent (Tigris and Euphrates)
o Best known for Hammurabi’s Code
 Hammurabi was King of the Babylonians
 Takes into account social class of the victim and criminal
 The first of many important written law codes
 Indus River Valley: Indus River Valley (also Ganges Rivers): two major cities Harappa
and Mohenjo-Daro
 China: Huang He/Yellow River
Vocabulary
 Prehistory
 Archaeology
 Self-sufficiency
 Job specialization
 Surplus of food
 Agriculture
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Domestication of animals
Irrigation
Animism
Cultural diffusion
Silt
Monsoon
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Loess
Polytheistic
Dynasty
Feudalism
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
Oracle bones
Ideograph
Global 9RH
Name:_________________________
Global 9RH
UNIT II: World Religions
You should know the place of origin, founder, polytheistic/monotheistic, historical context,
and major beliefs/ideas for the following religions:
Belief systems
- Traditional : Animism, Shinto, Daoism, polytheistic and monotheistic
Buddhism
Salvation (Nirvana) comes from a balanced and moderate life
o Four Noble Truths
o Eightfold Path
o The Middle Way
o Enlightenment
o Nirvana
- Hindu
o Goal of the individual soul (Brahma and Atmen)
o Karma
o Dharma
o Brahman
o Moksha
o Reincarnation
o Caste system
- Islam
o Dome of the Rock – famous mosque in Jerusalem
o Split between Sunni and Shi’a over successor
o Muslim
o Ramadan
o Allah
o Quran
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- Christianity
o Roman Catholic in Roman Empire and Western Europe, Eastern Orthodox in
Byzantine Empire, Coptic in Aksum
o Israel/Canaan/Prom-ised Land
o Ten Commandments
o Messiah
o Crucifixion
o Resurrection
o Bible (Old Testament and New Testament)
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Judaism
o One of the oldest major monotheistic religions
o Started with the Hebrews
o Centered today in Jerusalem
o Covenant
o Torah
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Name:_________________________
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Global 9RH
Zoroastrianism
o Began in ancient Persia
o Developed concept of heaven and hell
o No converts or missionaries
Important People
 Siddartha Gautama
 Abraham
 Moses
 Jesus
 Muhammad
Vocabulary
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Religion
Polytheism
Monotheism
Materialism
Pilgrimage
Missionary
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