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Tentative Test Date:_________________
Anatomy & Physiology Learning Targets: Ch. 10 & 11 – Muscle Anatomy & Physiology
Vocabulary (Chapter 10):
Antagonist
fixator insertion
origin
prime mover
synergist
Vocabulary (Chapter 11):
Isometric contraction
isotonic contraction
motor unit
myofibril
myofilament
Neuromuscular junction
sarcomere
sarcoplasm
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Threshold stimulus
Learning Target
Date
Covered
Page #
Muscle Anatomy (Chapter 10)
1. Define the terms origin and insertion with reference to
282-283
muscles and their activities.
2. Describe and identify the connective tissue
components of a muscle including: fascia, aponeurosis,
281
epimysium, perimysium and endomysium.
Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Chapter 11)
1. Describe the functions of skeletal muscle tissue.
2. Explain the structure of a muscle fiber by describing
its specialized parts including: sarcolemma, sarcoplasm,
sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, myofilaments.
3. Recognize a sarcomere as a complete contractile unit
and describe the relationship between the structure of
the sarcomere (describe the landmarks) and the
distribution of the actin and myosin within the myofibril.
4. Describe the structure and function of the 4
myofilaments found in skeletal muscle tissue: actin,
tropomyosin, troponin and myosin.
312-313
313-314
Box 11-1, p.
313, fig.
11-4
315-316
Mechanism of Contraction (Ch. 11)
1. Explain the process of muscle excitation, contraction
and relaxation.
2. Describe the role of calcium in muscle contraction and
explain the effects of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia.
3. Identify the role of the troponin-tropomyosin complex
and ATP in the excitation-contraction-relaxation cycle.
4. Apply knowledge of the sarcomere’s landmarks to
explain the sliding filament theory.
5. Explain the cause of rigor mortis.
Box 11-2,
p. 316-318
317-318
317-318
Fig 11-8
Box 11-3
Energy Sources for Muscle Contraction (Ch. 11)
1. Identify the sources of energy for muscle contraction
and describe ATP production in muscle during exercise of
varying intensity and duration.
2. Describe the structural and functional differences
between fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibers.
3. Explain the role of muscle contractions in maintaining
temperature homeostasis.
318-319
Box 11-4,
p. 320
319 & fig
11-10
Functions of Skeletal Muscle Organs (Ch. 11)
1. Explain how the size of a motor unit affects movement
precision.
322
sarcolemma
T tubules
Level of
Understanding
# of Test
Questions
2. Distinguish between the 3 types of muscle
contractions.
325-328,
fig 11-18
Smooth Muscle Tissue (Ch. 11)
1. Explain the structure of a smooth muscle cell by
comparing and contrasting with a skeletal muscle cell.
2. Compare and contrast smooth muscle and skeletal
muscle contractions.
3. Describe the 2 types of smooth muscle tissue and
identify examples within the body.
330-331