Download Earth and Space Science Part 1 1. There are bodies of water found

Earth and Space Science Part 1
1. There are bodies of water found on Earth. They include: oceans, lakes, rivers, and streams.
2. Oceans are vast bodies of salt water that covers almost three fourths of the earth's surface.
3. A lake is a large inland body of fresh or salt water.
4. A river is a large natural stream of water emptying into an ocean, lake, or other body of water.
5. A stream is a steady flow of water; a small river.
6. The Earth is made up of three layers: crust, mantle, and core
7. The crust is the layer of Earth we walk on. It is the thinnest layer. The crust features include mountains, valleys,
plains, plateaus, and the ocean floor.
8. The mantle(middle layer) is the thickest layer of the planet. Most of the mantle is solid rock. Some of the mantle is
partly melted rock that flows like thick liquid.
9. Deep inside Earth is the core. The core is a dense ball made mostly of two metals, iron and nickel.
10. Earth is made up of materials such as rocks, minerals, and soil.
11. Rocks are made of minerals.
12. Soil consists of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter.
13. Minerals undergo a hardness test to see how easily they scratch.
14. A fossil is the preserved remains of a plant, animal or other organism that lived on Earth long ago.
15. Most fossils form when an organism dies and is quickly buried by sediments. Eventually the sediments harden to
form rocks. As time goes by, sediments form layers.
16. Sometimes the oldest rocks are not always at the bottom of the “stack.” Sometimes movement in Earth’s crust
can twist or turn over stacks of layers so the oldest rocks might not be at the bottom.
17. A trace fossil is the preserved remains of the activity of an animal that lived long ago. Tracks, burrows, droppings,
and worm holes are all trace fossils.
18. Fossils tell what the Earth was like long ago.
19. Fossils tell what animals looked like long ago. Scientists study fossils and compare them to living things now.
20. Fossils tell how an animal moved. Fossil footprints can show how an animal walked. Example: A T-Rex has four
legs. The front legs were much shorter, so the animal probably walked on only two legs.
Earth and Space Science Part 1
Study Guide-Fill in the blank
1. There are bodies of water found on Earth. They include: ______________________,
__________________,____________________,and____________________
2. _________________________are vast bodies of salt water that covers almost three fourths of the earth's surface.
3. A _______________________ is a large inland body of fresh or salt water.
4. A _____________________ is a large natural stream of water emptying into an ocean, lake, or other body of water.
5. A ________________________ is a steady flow of water; a small river.
6. The Earth is made up of three layers: __________________,__________________,__________________
7. The ________________ is the layer of Earth we walk on. It is the __________________ layer. The crust features
include mountains, valleys, _______________________, plateaus, and the ocean floor.
8. The ____________________________(middle layer) is the thickest layer of the planet. Most of the mantle is solid
rock. Some of the mantle is partly melted rock that flows like thick liquid.
9. Deep inside Earth is the _________________. The core is a dense ball made mostly of two metals, iron and nickel.
10. Earth is made up of materials such as rocks, __________________________, and soil.
11. _______________________ are made of minerals.
12. ___________________consists of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter.
13. ____________________undergo a hardness test to see how easily they scratch.
14. A _----------------------------is the preserved remains of a plant, animal or other organism that lived on Earth long ago.
15. Most fossils form when an __________________________dies and is quickly buried by sediments. Eventually
the sediments harden to form rocks. As time goes by, sediments form _______________________.
16. Sometimes the oldest rocks are not always at the bottom of the “stack.” Sometimes ______________________ in
Earth’s crust can twist or turn over stacks of layers so the oldest rocks might not be at the bottom.
17. A trace fossil is the preserved remains of the activity of an animal that lived long ago. ___________________,
burrows, _______________________, and worm holes are all trace fossils.
18. Fossils tell what the Earth was like ___________________________.
19. Fossils tell what animals ________________________like long ago. Scientists study fossils and compare them to
living things now.
20. Fossils tell how an animal _______________________. Fossil footprints can show how an animal walked.
Example: A ____________________________ has four legs. The front legs were much shorter, so the animal
probably walked on only two legs.
Name:__________________________________________Date:_____________________Number:____________
Earth and Space Science Part 1 TEST
1. ___________________ are vast bodies of salt water that covers much of the Earth’s surface.
a. stream
b. ocean
c. lake
d. river
2. A_________________ is a large inland body of fresh or salt water.
a. stream
b. ocean
c. lake
d. river
3. A _____________ is a large natural stream of water emptying into an ocean, lake, or other body of water.
a. stream
b. ocean
c. lake
d. river
4. A __________________ is a steady flow of water; a small river.
a. stream
b. ocean
c. lake
d. river
5. _______________ is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
a. crust
b. core
c. mantle
d. middle
6. The _________________ is the thickest layer of the planet.
a. crust
b. core
c. mantle
d. middle
7. The ____________________is a dense ball made mostly of two metals, iron and nickel.
a. crust
b. core
c. mantle
d. middle
8. Earth is made up of materials such as rocks, minerals, and ________.
a. mud
b. fossils
c. soil
d. none of the above
9. Rocks are made of ______________.
a. mud
b. fossils
c. minerals
d. soil
10. ________________consists of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter.
a. mud
b. fossils
c. minerals
d. soil
11. _______________undergo a hardness test to see how easily they scratch.
a. mud
b. fossils
c. minerals
d. soil
12. A _________________ is the preserved remains of a plant, animal or other organism that lived on Earth long ago.
a. rock
b. fossil
c. mineral
d. mantle
13. A ________________ is the preserved remains of the activity of an animal that lived long ago. Tracks, burrows,
droppings, and worm holes are all trace fossils.
a. sediment
b. rock
c. mineral
d. trace fossil
14. How do most fossils form?
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15. Why are the oldest fossils not always at the bottom of the “stack?”
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16. Name two things fossils tell us.
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17. How do we know that a T-Rex probably walked on two legs?
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18. Name the three layers of the Earth
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19. Name two things the crust includes other than mountains.
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20. What fraction of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans?
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