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AP Biology
Chapter 16 & 17 Test Study Guide
transformation
DNA vs. protein as the genetic material
Base pairing
Transcription vs. Translation
initiation, elongation, termination
DNA
RNA
protein
5’
3’
genes to proteins
nucleotide
nucleoside triphosphates
continuous elongation on leading strand
DNA vs. RNA
semiconservative replication
codon
wobble
antiparallel
bases vary in width (purines vs. pyrimidines)
number of hydrogen bonds between G – C and A – T
RNA processing: introns excised, exons spliced, 5’ GTP cap, 3’ poly A tail
64 codons
replication fork
mutations
translocation
GTP
Hershey & Chase experiment
DNA backbone
number of bases/nucleotides in a codon = 1 amino acid
DNA replication repair enzymes (excision, DNA polymerase, ligase)
conditional mutations
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