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Study Sheet - Exam 5 - Geography 1 – Chapters 4 & 5
The horizontal motion of air relative to Earth's surface is (114)
Between 20o and 35o north and 20o and 35o south latitudes, you find (121)
Monsoonal winds are (131)
Air pressure is only an expression of atmospheric temperature. (113)
Wind is principally measured with a wind vane and an anemometer (114)
Winds flow from higher- to lower-pressure areas as a result of friction force. (118)
Geostrophic winds are surface winds that form in response to the friction force. (119)
A high-pressure area is called an anticyclone, a low-pressure area a cyclone. (119)
The subtropical belt of high pressure is the place of the intertropical convergence zone. (120)
The principal centers of low pressure in the Northern Hemisphere are the Aleutian and the Icelandic
lows associated with the polar front. (112 & 123)
The rate of thermohaline circulation has increased by 10-15% due to global warming. (136)
The western intensification refers to _________________. (136)
Water covers approximately what percentage of Earth’s surface? (144)
The present quantity of water on Earth, functioning in the hydrologic cycle, was achieved
approximately ___________________years ago, according to the text. (144)
Water has unusual heat properties, partially related to hydrogen bonding, when compared with other
compounds. If you were to take 1 g of ice at 0°C and raise it to 1 g of water vapor at 100°C, how
many calories would you need to add in terms of latent and sensible heat? (149)
The major portion of freshwater today is located in (145+)
The principal process of raindrop formation in tropical warm clouds is (150)
Clouds that have strong vertical development and produce precipitation are called (157)
Assume that a warm air bubble, or parcel, near Earth’s surface has a temperature of 25°C and begins
to rise. Assume that the parcel of air contains 13 mb vapor pressure. At what altitude will the lifting
mass of air become saturated? (156)
The dry adiabatic rate (DAR) is (153)
Maritime tropical Pacific (mT) air and maritime tropical Gulf and Atlantic (mT) air (160)
Which cloud type is specifically a good indicator of an arriving storm, within the next 24 hours? (160)
The wettest average annual place on Earth is located (163)
With respect to the three main lifting (cooling) mechanisms—local heating, orographic, and frontal—
which of the following is correct? (162)
Tornado development is associated with (176)
Afternoon thundershowers in the southeastern United States are more than likely a result of (166)
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Earth, like all the other planets in the solar system, possesses large quantities of water. (144)
The largest lake in the world in terms of volume is Lake Superior. (147)
The phase change of water to ice is called freezing. (147)
The energy involved in the phase changes of water is called latent heat. (148)
Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature and pressure,
expressed as a percentage of the moisture capacity of the air. (149)
Clouds are initially composed of raindrops. (155)
Stability is the tendency of a parcel of air to remain as it is or change its initial position. (155)
The moist adiabatic rate (MAR) is used in describing a moving air parcel that is less than saturated.
(155)
The world’s rainfall records are associated with orographic precipitation. (163)
A cold front is characterized by drizzly showers of long duration. (168)
Cyclogenesis refers to the birth or strengthening of a wave cyclone. (169)
Atmospheric pressure is portrayed on the daily weather map with a pattern of isotherms. (118)
Thunder is produced by the sound of rapidly expanding air heated by lightning. (174)
No hurricane has ever turned from the equator into the south Atlantic. (182)
The _____________ uses the principle that human hair changes as much as 4% in length between 0
and 100% relative humidity. (153)
The ________ has two thermometers mounted side-by-side on a metal holder. (153)
A cloud in contact with the ground is commonly referred to as ________________. (161)
The Hadley cells have which global wind pattern as part of their circulation? (121)
Other Considerations:
Know instruments that measure air pressure, direction of air flow in systems and the Corilois effect.
Know global wind/pressure systems, normal pressure ranges, and what occurs at the cloud base.
Know all the ways to express normal sea level atmospheric pressure (113)
Know the definition of relative humidity and what it refers to (149)
Know the difference between hurricanes & tornadoes – where they originate and their structure. (178)
What causes land & sea breezes; know which occurs in day time and which is night time (129+)