Download SBI4U Cell Organelle Activity

cell membrane (plasma membrane)
-forms the outer boundary of the cell
-contains receptor sites which allow entry of
materials that affect cell activity
nucleus
-control centre of the cell
-directs all of the cell's activities
-contains hereditary or genetic information
nucleolus
-small spherical structure within the nucleus
-involved in making ribosomal RNA
ribosomes
-site of protein synthesis
-made of RNA and protein
cytoplasm
-fluid that contains all the parts of a cell inside the
cell membrane and outside the nucleus
-transport & processing of nutrients, storage of
wastes, etc.
flagella
-whiplike tail with contractile proteins that helps a
cell move, e.g., sperm cells
cilia
-short, hairlike projections from cell membrane
with contractile proteins that move in a
coordinated fashion to help cell move or to move
materials, e.g, cells lining trachea
mitochondrion (mitochondria)
-the "power plant" of the cell
-provides the cell with needed energy in a series
of chemical processes called cellular respiration
endoplasmic reticulum
-network of interconnected canals that carries
materials through the cytoplasm
-rough has many ribosomes attached to it
-smooth synthesizes fats or lipids
Golgi apparatus
-membrane-bound sacs
-stores, modifies, and packages proteins from the
RER
lysosomes
-formed by the Golgi apparatus, contain variety of
enzymes that break down large molecules and
cell parts within the cytoplasm
-found only in animal cells
microfilaments
-pipelike structures found in the cytoplasm that
help provide share and movement for the cells
microtubules
-composed of proteins, found in cilia & flagella
-tiny tubelike fibres that transport materials
throughout the cytoplasm
plastids
-chemical factories and storehouses for food and
colour pigments in plant cells, e.g., chloroplasts
specialize in photosynthesis, amyloplasts store
starch, chromoplasts store colour pigments in
fruits and flowers, etc.
-composed of cellulose, protects and supports
plant cells
cell walls
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