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NAME
:
SHITTU LANRE KABIR
MATRIC NO
:
ARC/01/0462
DEPARTMENT
:
ARCHITECTURE
COURSE
:
RESEARCH METHODS IN ARCHITECTURE
COURSE CODE
:
ARC 805
SCHOOL
:
TOPIC
LECTURER
SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL
TECHNOLOGY, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF
TECHNOLOGY, AKURE.
:
EFFECT OF COLOUR IN
ELEGBELEYE
SPECIALIST HOSPITAL IKOSI – KETU,
LAGOS.
:
PROF. O.O. OGUNSOTE
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
Title Page
i
Table of Content
1
Abstract
3-4
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
5
1.1 Classification
5
1.2 Level of Health care
6
1.3 Study Area: An Over-view
6
1.4 Motivation
7
1.5 Aim & Objectives
7
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review
8
2.1 Historical Development
8
2.2 The Evolution of Health Services in Nigeria
9
2.3 Pre – Colonial
9
1
2.4 Colonial
10
2.5 Post - Colonial
10
2.6 The Federal Government Health Policy
10
2.7 Health Education
11
2.8 Environmental Protection and Sanitation
11
2.9 Some Federal Government Health Programmes
12
2.9 (i) Health for all by the year 2010
13
2.9 (ii) The Roll Back Malaria Programme
13
2.9 (iii) National Programme on Immunization
13
Chapter Three
3.0 Research Methodology
13
3.1 Research Findings
13
3.1 (i) Case Study One (Alqudus Medical Center, Lagos)
13
Facilities Provided
13
Merits
14
Demerits
14
3.1 (ii) Case Study Two (St. John Mary Hospital Isikan, Akure)
Facilities Provided
2
14
14
Merits
15
Demerits
15
3.1 (iii) Case Study Three (Yaba College of Tech. Med. Center, Lagos)
Site Location
16
Facilities Provided
16
Merits
16
Demerits
16
Chapter Four
4.0 Recommendation
16
4.1 Summary
17
4.2 Conclusion
18
References
19
3
16
THE EFFECT OF COLOUR IN ELEGBELEYE SPECIALIST HOSPITAL
IKOSI-KETU, LAGOS.
ABSTRACT: Colour is an effective and fascinating substance that takes the origin
from sunlight.
It comes up from the dispersion of white light which breaks down into ROYGBIV as
the name connotes which simply implies – red, orange, yellow, green, blue indigo and
violet.
Colours are classified into six categories.
(1)
Primary
(2)
Secondary
(3)
Intermediate
(4)
Tertiary
(5)
Complimentary and
(6)
Harmonious colours.
Primary: There are three primary colours viz; red, yellow and blue. They are so called
because they are the only colour or pigments that cannot be obtained by mixing an other
colour together. All other colours may be obtained form them by mixing various
proportions of the primary colours.
Secondary: When two primary colours are mixed in equal proportion, a different hue
or colour is obtained. This is called a secondary or binary colour e.g. red mixed with
yellow gives orange, red mixes with blue gives violet, while yellow mixed with blue
gives green are secondary colours.
Tertiary: When two secondary colours are mixed proportionally the colour is called a
tertiary. Tertiary yellow is smoke yellow tertiary blue is slaking blue and tertiary red is
the colour of old red brick.
Tertiary yellow is to mixture of green and orange
Intermediate: When a primary and neighboring secondary colour are mixed, an
intermediate hue results. In appearance the intermediate colour is half way between the
two colours. The six intermediates hues are yellow-green, purple-blue, red-purple, redorange and yellow-orange.
Complementary: Any mixture of two primary colours is a complementary of the third
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e.g. when blue and yellow are mixed the resultant colour is green, the third primary
(red) is therefore complimentary to green.
Harmonious Colour: Colours that go well together seem to belong to one family group
because they share a common basic colour.
These colours lie side by side in the colour wheel and can be combined harmoniously
because of the basic colour they share e.g. yellow is the common colour between green
and orange.
These colours could still be group under warm and cool colours.
In pigment colour circle warmth colours can be identify as red, yellow-green,yelloworange etc. they convey the feeling of warmth which seems to advance – brighter, while
the cool colours in pigment mixture circle seem to retreat to the eye and generally seem
higher than warm colours. They are blue-green, purple-blue, blue-green etc.
Many architects, painters, designers and of course artists are thus seeing colour as an
integral part of their job that needs careful selection for expressing the characteristics of
their buildings. Their work is remarkable for two things: (1)
The wide range of colour used and
(2)
The imaginative use of strong colours.
Daily work can be made enjoyable when the colour scheme is positive rather than
negative or neutral element in the environment.
One of the powerful deterrent or failure to the general adoption of a more positive use
of colour is the knowledge that when the colours mishandled, it can be a source of
discomfort instead of pleasure, and that the stronger the colour used, the greater the
danger.
That is the more reason while the medical director of Elegbeleye specialist hospital –
Ikosi, Ketu, Lagos professor Olufemi O. Elegbeleye (professor of medicine, consultant
physician, consultant angiologist, specialist in chest diseases) proposed to apply some
colours to give a natural treatment to some patients e.g. especially warm colour in some
area for people with pneumonia and general cold related diseases. Also to be provided
some area with cold colours for patient with high blood pressure and hypertension. Not
only that, the general treatment of the hospital premises with brighter and fascinating
colours coupled with exaultic grouping of the functional spaces brings happiness and
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enhancing the healing of the patients.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION: Health they said is wealth. It is the major needs of man as
feeding and clothing. It is even more important than the latter (feeding/clothing)
because these depend on good health. If there is no good health the latter are to no avail,
which implies that health is a basic and fundamental requisite for wealth. Without good
health man will not be able to perform his fundamental right be it physical, mental,
social,spiritual, scientific or otherwise.
Health is defined by health organization as a complete state of physical, mental and
social well being not necessarily the absences of disease or infirmity and a place where
health is being care for is called HOSPITAL.
According to American HOSPITAL association, Hospital is being defined as an
establishment with an organized medical staff, permanent facilities that include
physician and nursing services to provide diagnosis and treatment for patients who have
a variety of surgical and non-surgical medical condition.
Today’s hospital however is broading its product base by increasing its emphasis on
outpatient and educational services to the community. These shifts have arisen from
economic pressure within the healthcare industry to lower the cost of healthcare. The
provision of care on an outpatient basis and the promotion of healthful life styles
through education are believed to contribute significantly to lowering these cost. The
result has been significant change in hospital facilities, which are integrating acute in
patient and out patient and educational services into a single environment that is
functional and economical.
1.1
CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS
Hospital may be classified by a variety of descriptors in the followings, which include
ownership, type of care, length of patient stay, teaching or non-teaching facility and
osteopathic or non osteopathic.
(1)
Categories of ownership or control hospital are of two types
a).
Typically control – is classified as government or voluntary organization
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e.g. Churches and Community. These are purposely not for profits.
b).
1.2
Investors owned – Basically for profit.
LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE
The type of healthcare offered may be described in terms of the level or intensity of
care provided by these institutions. These are generally categorized as primary,
secondary and tertiary care depending on the concept of increasing specialization.
Primary care is associated with entry level medical assessment practice, family practice,
pediatrics, obstetrics and internal medicine provide the majority of primary care private
offices or hospitals outpatient department.
Secondary care are broadly provided in, most community hospitals includes the general
range of sub specialists in medicine and surgery.
Tertiary care refers to the highest level of specialization and technical care, such as
complex neuron surgery, cardiac surgery, organic transplantation or neutral intensive
care. Some secondary and most tertiary care are provided on the basis of referrals from
the primary or secondary level.
1.3
STUDY AREA: An Over - View.
Elegbeleye specialist hospital is being proposed as a secondary level category hospital
by a protaginst of medicine. The medical director: - Professor Olufemi O. Elegbeleye
Professor of Medicine, Consultant Physician, Consultant angiologist, specialist in chest
disease, one time medical director of Luth. (Lagos University Teaching Hospital).
The hospital is to be of two story building to be sited at the Oluyombo by Ekiti street in
Ikosi area Ketu Lagos State.
The hospital basically is to satisfy the design consideration of such hospital of its levelthat is, it provides with
the out patient (OPD) acute/ intensive (IPD)
diagnostic/therapeutic and administrative developments.
The out patient department, reception/registration, Pharmacy, medical laboratory,
medical record, radiology, theater, consultation and medical director office’s are in the
ground floor. 50 bed wards are in the first floor ,while the administrative section are in
the last floor. As earlier stipulated, the proposed hospital is to enhance the treatment of
some diseases with colour selection. The entire hospital building is to be treated with
brighter colour of cream in the external parts. The OPD, the reception/registration, the
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medial laboratories, all to be treated with cream colour.
Some wards are to be treatment with cool colours of blue outside and green inside for
the treatment of high blood pressure and hypertension, while some area are to be treated
with warm colour of yellow and cream for treatment of pneumonia and cold related
diseases. In all, the harmonious application of colourful paints enhance the happiness
and healing to the patient and comfortability to the workers.
1.4
MOTIVATION FOR THE PROJECT
The greatest motivation of this project was generated from the fact that Ikosi
community lacks such health facilities of secondary magnitude, and it is a fast growing
community, as health care is one of the most environmental amenities, it must be given
a priority in any settlement.
1.5
Aim & Objectives:
This project is aimed at designing a befitting specialist hospital for the protagonist of
medicine – professor Olufemi O. Elegbeleye-professor of medicine, consultant
physician, consultant angiologist, specialist in chest diseases – one-time medical
director of luth at Ikosi – Ketu, to serve the Ikosi people and its suburb.
The objectives set out to achieve this aims are as viz.

To design a good hospital with well located facilities o cater for he health need
of Ikosi people and its suburb.

To ensure its proper location in terms of proximity and accessibility within a
short distance to all the users.

To design a better hospital that could weathered the climatic condition of coastal
region of Lagos and alluring land shape in seating a healthy environment around
the facility.

To bring to with in people proximity and availability health facilities in line with
the government health care program in humanization (EPI), health for all by the
year 2000 etc.

To eliminate conflict of operation particularly in the care reduce the risk of cross
dissimilar function as well as infection in zoning of various unit in the center.
8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
As earlier stipulated, the building/house where the medical health care is provided is
called Hospital.
Hospital as the name connotes was derived form French word called HOSPITALE
meaning hostel or hotel. This word was as well derived form a Latin word HOSPES
meaning host or guest. Knowles in his article on “THE HOSPITAL” in life, death and
medicine, documented the following paraphrased account of the history of Hospital. In
actual fact early HOSPITAL was originated form ancient Egypt as temple of healing. It
was called the sick house in Israel and public Hospital in Buddhildst Indian. By the
early Scandinavias in the far north and the oriental (Asians) and Muslins in the far east,
it was their customary way of offering hospitality to travelers inform of food, shelter
and nursing care for the sick. This custom was moved west ward into the Mediterranean
area as population increases.
As narrated in the Encyclopedia of Architectural design, Engineering and Construction
by Joseph A. Wilkes vol.2 that the advent of Christianity established the modern
Hospital system. In 325 A.D. The council of NICAEN instructed Bishops to establish
Hospitals in every CATHEDRA CITY.
Constantine the Great: The first Christian emperor of Rome ordered the closure of
pegan temples of healing in 335A.D.
Also that, through thirteen century, hospitals or hostel for the sick people were
established, where Monks practice medicine. Only the destitute, weary and hopeless
diseased were accepted in the hospital. Apothecaries and blood letting surgeons were
practice in private homes. Joseph A. Wilkes also in his book of encyclopedia of
architectural design engineering and construction vol. 2pp. 275 – 285 explained further
that in 1535 monastic support of hospitals was suppressed in England. Some time later,
the two major monastic hospital in London – St Bartholomew’s and St Thomas re –
opened as secular hospitals providing the only hospital service to the populace. By 1790
their admissions due to over crowding, were limited to curable patient only. This step
represented the beginning of a curative role to be assumed by the hospital and the
9
beginning of other forms of health care institution of the dying, destitute or insane. The
first voluntary and privately owned hospitals which was established in London in 1721,
was THOMAS GUY HOSPITAL. In 19th and 20th century only nursing care for the sick
people were provided in the hospitals. The quality of the care was dismal with patient at
risk of contracting diseases from others in the hospital. Later in 19 th century, under the
influence of FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE nursing care practices were improved and
hospitals began at last to benefit patients.
Nightingale wrote (4) “1 use the word nursing for want of better” it has been limited to
signify little more than the administration of medicines and the application poultices. It
ought to signify the proper use of fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet and the
proper selection and administration of diet= all at the least expense of vital power to the
patient. This period also saw the advent of teaching hospital in England to promote
growth in medical knowledge and specialization. Hospital developed in United States in
direct relation to growth of cities. Urbanization and concentration of the need for patient
care and medical teaching and research stimulated of hospitals. In 1771 New York
hospital was established in association with the schools of medicine at columbia
university and later Cornell university. In1811 Massachusettes general hospital was
established and afflicated with Harvard University School of medicine.
In fact, the medical technology began to expand rapidly with he two world. Most
thoracic surgery was practiced in the two world wars.. Most thoracic surgery was
practiced in the 1930s and with antibiotic breakthrough such as penicillin and
sulfanilamide; surgery in general virtually exploded. The concept of the surgical suite
increased in sophistication and intensive care unit emerged. With the new development
in radiological x-ray and other sophisticated equipment in medical line those aided to
development of medicine to its present status today (Joseph A. Wilkes – Encyclopedia
of Architectural Design, Engineering and Construction vol. 2pp. 275-285.
2.2 THE EVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES IN NIGERIA
The evolution of health care services in Nigeria could be categorized into three main
sub-headings viz – pre colonial, colonial and post colonial health services.
2.3 PRE – COLONIAL
Before the advent of missionaries and colonialists to Nigeria the traditional healing was
10
being practiced. Some of these practices involved consultation with the ancestral spirit.
Doctors of divinity and healers did the matching of the sick with the appropriate niche
in cosmology thus making a ritual diagnosis. The later prepare concoction with herbs
and roots and administer such to the sick appropriate dosage.
2.4 COLONIAL
By the time the Christian missionaries and colonialists advented into Nigeria, they
changed their religion from traditional ways to Christianity and influenced their live in
totality. Their mediocritic traditional ways of healing were not left behind, they
introduced orthodox medicine.
2.5 POST COLONIAL
When the missionaries and the colonialists settled down in Nigeria they firstly separated
their residential apartments and quickly established health care to tackle the spread of
malaria fever which was an acute infections disease by then. The few health care
centers established by them were located in their business operational areas. The first
set of organized health care services were established by Christian missionary societies
and later Government health care services were also established.
2.6 THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HEALTH POLICY
As a result of the inadequate health care system in Nigeria in which about 75% of the
total population does not have health care, the third national development plan (1975 –
1980) initiated plan to arrest the situation.
The federal government in the plan made provision for “the promotion of health for the
people of the country, the prevention of illness and freestone personnel and community
health service in order to cover the people appropriately the removal of pains, suffering
and deformities as well as restoration of health enabling individuals to achieve personal,
social, cultural and economic goals, as well as the rehabilitation of individual citizens to
the level of health which enable him or her to enjoy and maintain a good living standard
as well as rightful place within the country”. These government policies have been
expressed through institutions and programmes.
Recently emphasis on health has been on community health development as was
initiated and championed by the late professor Olukoye – Ran some Kuti – as a health
minister.
11
The development of Rural Health Centers, Immunization programmes, the fight against
HIV/AIDS and lately the federal government fight against fake and substandard drugs
and unwholesome food product, the National drug Revolving Programmes are all part
of the governments extension on the health policy.
2.7 HEALTH EDUCATION
Since knowledge is power, the use of education to wipe out ignorance in respect of
hygienic and health living becomes a strong tool in the attainment of the objectives of
health policies. The use of health campaign strategies and enlightenment programmes
that educate the populace present oil cakes associated with malnutrition, do not smoke
to prevent cancer of the lungs, defecation and urination at un-designation point can
cause disease, abstain or use condom during sex to prevent AIDS etc. Avoids the use of
drugs and self medication, particularly hard drugs like cocaine, heroine, marijuana etc.
Ensure that the children are immunize against child killer diseases, early detection and
treatment of malaria serve the patient from complicating, avoid the consumption of
contaminated food or water which could cause cholera, typhoid fever etc.
Health educations merely the removal of ignorance, which is expressed in four ways.

It provides a person with enough new and correct knowledge about a disease
there by making preventive measure by scientific medicine quite reasonable.

It makes a person feel efficiently keen about the importance of his own health
inducing behavioral changes and adoption of preventive measures.

There is always a general concern for the health of others.

Health education makes an individual feel so strongly about these first three
measure that he/she supports and even initiate preventive actions to improve
community health.
2.8
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SANITATION:
With increased technological and advancement, the out break and spread of disease as a
result of ENVIRONMENTAL Pollution and degradation, contamination and improper
handling of the surrounding environment became more Prominent. The depletion of the
ozone as a result of hydrocarbon burnt into the atmosphere is a typical example.
In Nigeria, to ensure good environmental standards, the federal government
12
environmental protection agency ( FEPA) eradication of unhealthy industrial practices
can help safe ground the environment.
Also environmental sanitation constitute the activities which results in a clean
environment hence the introduction of compulsory environmental sanitation
programmes in different states of the federation. Proper refuse disposal system, clean
drains, adequate water supply will all reduce the problems of dirty environment the
menace of mosquitoes and other vectors of infectious diseases. Also the control of
these by eliminating the larva development, ensuring that food and waste for public
consumption are protected, clean and safe from bacteria infection within an
environment The problem of over crowded settlements particularly in the urban centers
in Nigeria will remain another extreme health hazard. Human dwelling are quizzed
within filthy environment including the out break of epidermics and strengthening the
malaria scourge. Though, planning regulations and if the authorities change their
implementation is a way out of this problem.
2.9
SOME FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HEALTH PROGRAMMERS.
(i)
Health for ALL By The Year 2010
The attainment of health for all by the year 2010 was set in 1998 as a valid programme
that will make health facilities and services available to every citizen irrespective of his
her social status religion or ethic background. In essence, the means of attaining this
objective is through an effective and functional health institution within the reach of
every citizen. It is how ever possible to achieve this laudable objective of the health for
all. If there is co-operation and effective involvement on the part of every citizen. All
the same, the scheme is not receiving the needed effort and commitment it requires on
the part of those in government.
(ii)
THE ROLL-BACK MALARIA PROGRAMME.
This programme is general towards the effective control of malaria which is caused by
mosquitoes. The programme involves a comprehensive fight against malaria through
free medical treatment in some government hospitals, distribution of insecticide treated
mosquito nets and the development of insecticide chemicals for mosquito destruction.
13
(iii)
NATIONAL PROGRAMME ON IMMUNIZATION
National programme on immunization is targeted at the elimination and control of child
hood killer diseases like measles, polio, smallpox, chickenpox, etc. It is targeted at
children below five years of age. Other programmes include exclusive breast-feeding
for nursing mothers. Use of Anti-retroviral drugs in the fight against HIV/AIDS and
other health programmes.
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The methodological applications here include setting out three case studies as viz.
(i)
Al-Qudus medical center – Lagos
(ii)
St. John many Hospital Akure
(iii)
Yaba College of tech medical center Lagos.
The methods of collecting informations in these case studies are by:
(i)
Observation and taken photographs
(ii)
By personal interviewing some of the senior staff
(iii)
By questionnaire system of collection from the medical directors of these case
studies.
3.1
RESEARCH FINDINGS
The research findings includes the case studies which involves the full understanding
of what is really obtainable to analyze/synthesis their merit and demerits as to be
improved upon in the proposed design project.
(i)
CASE STUDY ONE. AL-QUIDUS MEDICAL CENTRE – LAGOS.
Al-qudus Medical center was established in September 1997 by Dr. and Dr. (Mrs.)
Suleyman Hasan. They named their hospital Al-Qudus after their first Son. It is located
at Bajulaye area of Shomolu in shomolu local government area of Lagos state.
It is a purposed built medical center with an area of about 2,500m2.
Facilities provided are:
1.
Ambulatory unit, consultation, boardroom, ambulance parking, observation,
emergency and ambulating waiting lobby for the patients/visitors.
2.
Acute/intensive/Opd: medical record. OPD waiting, consultation, medical
director’s office, medical laboratory, radiological unit/dark room for
14
development of radiological films, male and female wards, privates/general
wards unit.
Pediatric unit wards
Perinatal units/wards
Ancillary units: gatehouse, generator house, incinerating units and parking
units.
Merits
Contemporary design with adequate facilities, well staffed, adequate bed unit’s wards,
well located, well oriented, that is east-west orientation; well landscapes to enable the
staff, patients and visitors receive nascent oxygen. Better infrastructure facilities - such
as pipe borne water, electricity; stand by generator, borehole ground and overhead tank.
Well-defined and adequate parking spaces 24 hours medical services facilities provided.
Demerits
No staff quarters, inadequate and uncovered parking spaces, which expose the vehicles
to weather condition.
(ii)
CASE STUDY TWO
ST, JOHN MARY HOSPITAL- ISIKAN AREA – AKURE ONDO STATE,
St. john Mary Hospital is located in Isikan Area of Akure, Ondo State capital. It is
behind Isikan market area in high density residential area of Akure. It is a story
purposed built but look very much like an adapted/converter hospital.
Facilities provided as follows:
Auditor’s/medical record- to keep the record of OPD and IPD; consultation rooms,
OPD waiting area, minor theatre, nurses bay, 4 wards facilities, matron office store, and
toilets/shower in the ground floor.
First floor: Major theatre, general/private wards, amenity rooms, dressing room, sterile
supply department, incubation room, delivery room, recovery, and ramp from the
ground floor landed in the first floor with trolleys and stretchers.
Boy’s Quarters
X-ray department, offices and general store.
Ancillary unit: car park/generalized for staff and visitor, gate house, generator house,
15
deep well with pump to couple the pipe borne water, overhead tank, staff quarters,
kitchen and dinning facilities.
Merits:
Adequate staff facilities, well located, well oriented-east west orientation, adequate
facilities such as stand by generator, pipe borne water couple with deep well with pump.
Provision of resident doctors which enhance 24 hours medical facilities services.
Demerits:
The hospital buildings are not well-ventilated, inadequate and undefined parking spaces
for staff, patients and visitors.
The design is purposed built but has an adapted and traditional outlook.
The car park timber structures are weak and needed quick replacement.
Inadequate landscaped hospital environment
(iii)
CASE STUDY THREE
YABA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY MEDICAL CENTRE.
Yaba College of Technology Medical Centre was Construction 1986 by the Yaba
College of Technology consortium with the industrial team.
Engr. Y.S. Ealade
-
Chairman
Mr. S.T. Oyeteko
-
Adviser
Mrs. F.A. Odugbesan
-
Adviser
Arc. A.A Adenji
-
Member
Mr. B.O. Orogbemi
-
Member
Mr. A.O.O. Esan
-
Member
Mr. M.B. Bakare
-
Member
Mr. K. Sabiu
-
Member
The teams include architect, engineers, quantity surveyors and builders. It was
commissioned on 4th December 1986 by Ahaji I. Mora-Chairman, govern ring Council
Yaba College of Technology Lagos. It is a single bungalow building constructed with
16
red bricks with a well landscaped centrally located (impuvium)
courtyard which
provided nascent produce oxygen for breathing by the users.
SITE LOCATION
The medical center was located near the south gate (entrance) of the institution. The
orientation (East – West) was fantastic because it was in such away that it could catch
the glimsy of the land and sea breezes of the Lagoon.
Facilities provided are as follows:
Medical record, wanting areas (main/consulting waiting), consultant rooms. Medical
doctor’s office, MD’s secretary office, chief nurse’s office, nursing bay, general
conveniences, well equipped pharmacy, minor theatre /stenle supply Department
(SSD); scrubbing and gowning /preparatory units. Radiology with dark room for
radiological films, medical laboratory, 3bed male wards, 3bed female ward;
injection/immunization room, drug store, borehole with ground tank were provided to
couple the pipe borne water.
Merits
Yaba Tech. medical center is well located, well oriented- east-west orientation
Adequate facilities were provided, better staffed, well-planned walkways, well-planted
impuvium (courtyard) to provide nascent oxygen for staff, patients and visitors.
Demerits.
Inadequate male and female bed units wards, inadequate convenience for staff patients
and visitors, not well landscaped externally unless in the impuvium (courtyard) area.
The ambulatory, staff and general parking are not well defined
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Recommendation.
It is obvious that ikosi – ketu in ikosi/ isheri local government area of Lagos state has
not got a comprehensive medical center of secondary level status that can coordinate all
the health center in the locality and the sububurb. In order to meet this demand, that is
the health delivery of the people of ikosi and its suburb the author wishes to propose the
following recommendation.
 The medical doctor of Elegbaleye specialist hospital- professor Olufemi
Elegbeleye should budget for and implement this project in a none distant time.
17
 The specialist hospital after completion should be well staffed
 All facilities such as conveniences, infrastructural facilities, such as pipe borne
water, electricity, access roads and utilities, waste and sewage disposal should be
provided and well maintained.
 In case of power failure by (PHCN) stand by generating set should be provided
and well maintained.
 The hospital in order to be well function should be provided with modern
communication facilities such as intercom, internet and ambulances for effective
ambulatory performances.
 It is also suggested that the medical director should continually vote a huge sum
amount of money for proper maintenance and running of the hospital.
 The medical doctor should constitute a committee within the senior staff to be
seen to daily, weekly and monthly report of the activities of the hospital apart
from himself to be able to maintain a high level of service at any pointing time.
 The medical director should always ensure that drugs are adequately available /
provided in the hospital so that the patients can be encouraged and be rest assured
that at any porting time drugs are always available for them whenever they come
to the hospital.
 The medical director should try to subsidize the cost of drugs to paid by patients,
so that people would be encouraged to patronize the hospital.
 For future expansion the hospital should be able to extend to accommodate more
patients as the need arises.
4.1
Summary.
It has been gathered, analyzed / synthesized from the literature and the research findings
the design, criteria and its analysis in providing conducive environment for the patients.
Health services Board also emphasized on the basic requirement that a good and
standard hospital should have as follows:
 Encouraging the government to pay more attention to the quality of the medical
care services by paying more prominent role in financing and construction of
hospital/ health care centers.
 Embarking on research and teaching programmers so
18
that newly employed
doctors and paramedical staff will have solution to their envisaging prominent
problems in the hospitals/ health care centers.
4.2
Conclusion
From the aforementioned if all the suggestions are adequately put to use and the project
is implemented the specialist hospital would provide very good and standard medical
care services for the people of ikosi – ketu and its suburb in particular and Lagos
metropolis in general.
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REFERENCES
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