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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
Worksheet on Marine Ecology (B2) (English Version)
Name: ________________________
Student Number: ____________________
Overall Task:Build a stable marine ecosystem associated with a single food chain.
The food chain includes: (1) producer – phytoplankton; (2) primary consumer zooplankton; (3) predator and (4) top predator.
Top predator:
shark
Predators: tuner
and lancet
Primary consumer:
shrimp
Producer:
phytoplankton
Figure 1: Food web extracted from
http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/48/6548-004-4D277914.gif)
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
Task 1: Explore the population dynamics of an ecosystem that comprises (A)
phytoplankton
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, (B) shrimps
Before your exploration, answer the following questions:
Conjecture
1.1 Sketch a broken line graph to show how the number of shrimps and number
of phytoplankton vary with time。(discuss)
quantity
shrimp
phytoplankton
time
Reason(s): __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2
Download and save the file task1B(eng).wrld on your desktop from
http://ited.hkbu.edu.hk/wm/index-dd-2011.html/
3
Open WorldMaker 2000 at http://ited.hkbu.edu.hk/wm/index-dd-2011.html/
4
Use WorldMaker 2000open task(eng).wrld:
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Turn on the background:
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
1
2
3 select the region to be filled with
water
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Fill the selected space with water (Follow Steps 1, 2 & 3)
Add phytoplankton and shrimps to the ecosystem.
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How do the number of phytoplankton and the number of shrimps change with time?
Observation:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
8.1
Open the graph:
Does the graph align with your prediction? Why? Discuss.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
8.2
The variation of the population of phytoplankton and that of shrimps are
given in Figure 2 on the last page of this worksheet.
Why the changes in number of phytoplankton and number of shrimps are
not in phase? Discuss
Reason: ____________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________
On the top-left hand corner, select ‘foreground’, then click the button next to
‘shrimp’
. Try to adjust the birth or death rate as shown below. Refer to the
graph, record the change in the populations of phytoplankton and shrimps change.
_________________________________________________________________
10 Likewise, adjust the birth or death rate of phytoplankton and record how the
populations of phytoplankton and shrimps change.
_________________________________________________________________
11 Stimulating question:
11.1 In this model, the ocean is made up with 46 X 60 cells. What is the
maximum number of shrimps that can be accommodated? Why?
Conjecture: _______________________________________________________
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
_________________________________________________________________
12 Fill up the ocean with shrimps and phytoplankton and click the ‘play’ button
. What have you observed?
Observation:
_________________________________________________________________
13 Remove all the living things and then introduce a small number of phytoplankton
and shrimps and press the ‘play’ button. What have you observed?
Observation:
_________________________________________________________________
14 Try a different numbers of phytoplankton and shrimps and repeat (13).
Observation:
_________________________________________________________________
15 What conclusion can be drawn?
Conclusion: _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Task 2:Introduce tuner fish to the marine ecosystem.
16 Tuner fish feed on shrimps. Draw a broken-line graph to illustrate how the
introduction of tuner fish affects the population of shrimps and phytoplankton.
Discuss.
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
quantity
shrimp
phytoplankton
tuner
time
17 From http://ited.hkbu.edu.hk/wm/index-dd-2011.html/, download and save
task(eng).wrld on your desktop.
18 Open task(eng).wrld:
and add tuner fish to the
ecosystem. Record how the populations of shrimp, phytoplankton and tuner vary
with time.
Observation:
quantity
shrimp
phytoplankton
tuner
time
19 Question:
If a very large number of tuner fish are introduced to the ecosystem, what will
happen to the populations of shrimps and tuner fish?
Conjecture: _______________________________________________________
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Hong Kong Baptist Univeristy
Department of Education Studies
Computer Modelling and Knowledge Building
20 Try to introduce a large number of tuner and observe what happens to the
population of shrimps and tuner fish.
Observation:_____________________________________________________
Does the observation align with your conjecture? Why?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Task 3:Introduce lancet fish to the ecosystem
21 Both lancet and tuner feed on shrimps. They are competitors in the ecosystem.
Question:
How does the introduction of lancet fish to the ecosystem affect the population of
tuner fish? Run task(eng).wrld and try to find out the answer.
Task 4:Introduce shark to the ecosystem
22 What happen if a large number of shark fish are introduced to the ecosystem?
Run task(eng).wrld and find out the answer on your own.
phytoplankton
shrimp
Figure 2: Variation in the populations of phytoplankton and shrimps.
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