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AP Macroeconomics Final Exam Project Tutorial Topics Unit One; Eight goals of macroeconomics Pit falls and fallacies of macroeconomics (Normative statements, definitions, loaded terminology, etc.) The circular flow model. The factors of production & their payments. Opportunity cost & trade-offs. The production possibilities curve with practice simulation. Unit Two; The demand curve & shifters. The supply curve & shifters. Elasticity of demand. Characteristics of a market system. Fundamental question of economic systems & types of economic systems. Adam Smith & the invisible hand. The supply and demand model with practice simulation. Unit Three; The Business Cycle. The labor force & calculating unemployment rates. Types of unemployment. Natural rate of unemployment, actual/potential GDP, & Okun’s law. Inflation & calculating inflation rates. Market baskets & consumer price index. Types of inflation. GDP & calculating GDP (including depreciation of capital). Things not counted in GDP & short-comings of GDP. National accounts calculations. Nominal & real GDP. Unit Four; The aggregate expenditure model & shifters. APC/APS & MPC/MPS. Investments, rate of return, & real interest rates. The investment demand curve & shifters. Volatility of investments. The multiplier effect & how it affects the AE model. The tax multiplier & how it affects the AE model. The balanced budget multiplier & how it affects the AE model. Injections & leakages. Unit Five; Relating the aggregate expenditure curve to the aggregate demand curve. Differences between the demand curve & the aggregate demand curve. The aggregate demand curve & shifters. The three segmented AS curve. The aggregate supply curve & shifters. The ratchet effect. The AS/AD model with practice simulation. Expansionary & contractionary fiscal policy. The crowding-out & crowding-in affect. Discretionary & non-discretionary fiscal policy: explain automatic stabilizers. Full-employment budget & full-employment deficits. Problems with fiscal policy. Unit Six; Functions of money, types of money, & money definitions. The money market model with monetary & fiscal simulations. The secondary bond market. The structure & functions of the Federal Reserve Banking System. The money multiplier effect. Monetary policy & its tools. Easy money & tight money monetary policy. Unit Seven; Effects of demand-pull inflation on long-run aggregate supply. Effects of supply-push inflation on long-run aggregate supply & govt. actions. The Philips curve with practice simulation. The Laffer curve & supply-side economic theory. Public debt & factors that contribute to it. False & real concerns about the public debt. Budgetary philosophies. Unit Eight; Specialization & comparative advantage. National comparative advantage. Terms of trade. How global prices are set. The foreign exchange model with practice simulation. Balance of trade accounts.